多级双向链表中,除了指向下一个节点和前一个节点指针之外,它还有一个子链表指针,可能指向单独的双向链表。这些子列表也可能会有一个或多个自己的子项,依此类推,生成多级数据结构,如下面的示例所示。
给定位于列表第一级的头节点,请扁平化列表,即将这样的多级双向链表展平成普通的双向链表,使所有结点出现在单级双链表中。
示例 1:
输入:head = [1,2,3,4,5,6,null,null,null,7,8,9,10,null,null,11,12] 输出:[1,2,3,7,8,11,12,9,10,4,5,6] 解释: 输入的多级列表如下图所示: 扁平化后的链表如下图:
示例 2:
输入:head = [1,2,null,3] 输出:[1,3,2] 解释: 输入的多级列表如下图所示: 1---2---NULL | 3---NULL
示例 3:
输入:head = [] 输出:[]
如何表示测试用例中的多级链表?
以 示例 1 为例:
1---2---3---4---5---6--NULL | 7---8---9---10--NULL | 11--12--NULL
序列化其中的每一级之后:
[1,2,3,4,5,6,null] [7,8,9,10,null] [11,12,null]
为了将每一级都序列化到一起,我们需要每一级中添加值为 null 的元素,以表示没有节点连接到上一级的上级节点。
[1,2,3,4,5,6,null] [null,null,7,8,9,10,null] [null,11,12,null]
合并所有序列化结果,并去除末尾的 null 。
[1,2,3,4,5,6,null,null,null,7,8,9,10,null,null,11,12]
提示:
- 节点数目不超过
1000
1 <= Node.val <= 10^5
注意:本题与主站 430 题相同: https://leetcode.cn/problems/flatten-a-multilevel-doubly-linked-list/
仔细观察一下这个结构,不难发现其实就是前序遍历二叉树
"""
# Definition for a Node.
class Node:
def __init__(self, val, prev, next, child):
self.val = val
self.prev = prev
self.next = next
self.child = child
"""
class Solution:
def flatten(self, head: 'Node') -> 'Node':
if head is None:
return None
dummy = Node()
tail = dummy
def preOrder(node: 'Node'):
nonlocal tail
if node is None:
return
next = node.next
child = node.child
tail.next = node
node.prev = tail
tail = tail.next
node.child = None
preOrder(child)
preOrder(next)
preOrder(head)
dummy.next.prev = None
return dummy.next
/*
// Definition for a Node.
class Node {
public int val;
public Node prev;
public Node next;
public Node child;
};
*/
class Solution {
private Node dummy = new Node();
private Node tail = dummy;
public Node flatten(Node head) {
if (head == null) {
return null;
}
preOrder(head);
dummy.next.prev = null;
return dummy.next;
}
private void preOrder(Node node) {
if (node == null) {
return;
}
Node next = node.next;
Node child = node.child;
tail.next = node;
node.prev = tail;
tail = tail.next;
node.child = null;
preOrder(child);
preOrder(next);
}
}
/*
// Definition for a Node.
class Node {
public:
int val;
Node* prev;
Node* next;
Node* child;
};
*/
class Solution {
public:
Node* flatten(Node* head) {
flattenGetTail(head);
return head;
}
Node* flattenGetTail(Node* head) {
Node* cur = head;
Node* tail = nullptr;
while (cur) {
Node* next = cur->next;
if (cur->child) {
Node* child = cur->child;
Node* childTail = flattenGetTail(cur->child);
cur->child = nullptr;
cur->next = child;
child->prev = cur;
childTail->next = next;
if (next)
next->prev = childTail;
tail = childTail;
} else {
tail = cur;
}
cur = next;
}
return tail;
}
};