diff --git a/alphafold3_pytorch/attention.py b/alphafold3_pytorch/attention.py
index fcc8be48..710f0ebb 100644
--- a/alphafold3_pytorch/attention.py
+++ b/alphafold3_pytorch/attention.py
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ def max_neg_value(t):
 # multi-head attention
 
 class Attention(Module):
+    @typecheck
     def __init__(
         self,
         *,
@@ -42,7 +43,9 @@ def __init__(
         gate_output = True,
         query_bias = True,
         flash = True,
-        efficient_attn_config: Config = Config(True, True, True)
+        efficient_attn_config: Config = Config(True, True, True),
+        dim_pairwise_repr: int | None = None,
+        max_seq_len: int = 8192
     ):
         super().__init__()
         """
@@ -52,6 +55,7 @@ def __init__(
         h - heads
         n - sequence
         d - dimension
+        e - dimension (pairwise rep)
         i - source sequence
         j - context sequence
         """
@@ -71,7 +75,8 @@ def __init__(
         self.to_kv = nn.Linear(dim, dim_inner * 2, bias = False)
         self.to_out = nn.Linear(dim_inner, dim, bias = False)
 
-        # used in alphafold2
+        # gating of value
+        # allows attention to attend to nothing
 
         self.to_gates = None
 
@@ -82,13 +87,32 @@ def __init__(
 
             self.to_gates = gate_linear
 
+        # for projecting features to attn bias
+
+        self.accept_feature_to_bias_attn = exists(dim_pairwise_repr)
+
+        if self.accept_feature_to_bias_attn:
+            self.max_seq_len = max_seq_len
+
+            # line 8 of Algorithm 24
+
+            self.to_attn_bias = nn.Sequential(
+                nn.LayerNorm(dim_pairwise_repr),
+                nn.Linear(dim_pairwise_repr, heads, bias = False),
+                Rearrange('... i j h -> ... h i j')
+            )
+
+            self.attn_bias_bias = nn.Parameter(torch.zeros(max_seq_len, max_seq_len))
+
     @typecheck
     def forward(
         self,
         seq: Float['b i d'],
         mask: Bool['b n']| None = None,
-        attn_bias: Float['b h i j'] | None = None,
-        context: Float['b j d'] | None = None
+        context: Float['b j d'] | None = None,
+        attn_bias: Float['... i j'] | None = None,
+        input_to_bias_attn: Float['... i j e'] | None = None,
+
     ) -> Float['b i d']:
 
         q = self.to_q(seq)
@@ -98,18 +122,38 @@ def forward(
 
         q, k, v = tuple(self.split_heads(t) for t in (q, k, v))
 
+        # inputs to project into attn bias - for alphafold3, pairwise rep
+
+        assert not (exists(input_to_bias_attn) ^ self.accept_feature_to_bias_attn), 'if passing in pairwise representation, must set dim_pairwise_repr on Attention.__init__'
+
+        if self.accept_feature_to_bias_attn:
+            i, j = q.shape[-2], k.shape[-2]
+
+            assert not exists(attn_bias)
+            assert i <= self.max_seq_len and j <= self.max_seq_len
+
+            attn_bias = self.to_attn_bias(input_to_bias_attn) + self.attn_bias_bias[:i, :j]
+
+        # attention
+
         out = self.attend(
             q, k, v,
             attn_bias = attn_bias,
             mask = mask
         )
 
+        # merge heads
+
         out = self.merge_heads(out)
 
+        # gate output
+
         if exists(self.to_gates):
             gates = self.to_gates(seq)
             out = out * gates.sigmoid()
 
+        # combine heads
+
         return self.to_out(out)
 
 # attending, both vanilla as well as in-built flash attention
@@ -124,12 +168,15 @@ def __init__(
     ):
         super().__init__()
         """
-        ein notation
+        ein notation:
 
         b - batch
         h - heads
+        n - sequence
         d - dimension
-        n, i, j - sequence (base sequence length, source, target)
+        e - dimension (pairwise rep)
+        i - source sequence
+        j - context sequence
         """
 
         self.scale = scale
@@ -171,8 +218,8 @@ def forward(
         q: Float['b h i d'],
         k: Float['b h j d'],
         v: Float['b h j d'],
-        attn_bias: Float['b h i j'] | None = None,
-        mask: Bool['b j'] | None = None
+        mask: Bool['b j'] | None = None,
+        attn_bias: Float['... i j'] | None = None,
     ) -> Float['b h i d']:
 
         can_use_flash = self.flash and not exists(attn_bias), 'flash attention does not support attention bias with gradients'