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<!DOCTYPE html>
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.use-motion .collection-header { opacity: initial; }
.use-motion .site-title,
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opacity: initial;
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<span class="post-meta-item-text">Edited on</span>
<time title="Modified: 2023-04-16 13:38:43" itemprop="dateModified" datetime="2023-04-16T13:38:43+08:00">2023-04-16</time>
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<p>hello 大家好, my name is lllong33(from 龙龙龙) </p>
<p>在职三年数据开发工程师, 主要工作内容是自动化编程和数仓开发</p>
<p>tech stck: [sql(dbt), python, 数据仓库, 大数据技术原理和应用], 对数据流程自动化和电商行业BI应用有一定积累. 目前在向高级数开和实时方向努力.</p>
<p>欢迎大家来1v1交流 : )</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="mailto:704669594@qq.com">704669594@qq.com</a> (常用)</li>
</ul>
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<a href="/2022/06/18/Flink%20%E6%97%B6%E9%97%B4%E5%92%8CWindow/" class="post-title-link" itemprop="url">Flink Time和Window</a>
</h2>
<div class="post-meta">
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<span class="post-meta-item-text">Posted on</span>
<time title="Created: 2022-06-18 17:50:31 / Modified: 18:51:36" itemprop="dateCreated datePublished" datetime="2022-06-18T17:50:31+08:00">2022-06-18</time>
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<span itemprop="about" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Thing">
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<p>Time和Window 特性，案例</p>
<h3 id="6-1-时间语义"><a href="#6-1-时间语义" class="headerlink" title="6.1 时间语义"></a>6.1 时间语义</h3><ul>
<li>事件时间 EventTimeWindow 要求数据携带，常用；</li>
<li>提取时间IngestingTimeWindow，以source 的 systemTime为准，一种中和方案；</li>
<li>处理时间ProcessingTimeWindows，以operator 的 systemTime 为准；</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="6-2-水位线Watermark"><a href="#6-2-水位线Watermark" class="headerlink" title="6.2 水位线Watermark"></a>6.2 水位线Watermark</h3><p>2.1 事件时间和窗口：解释为什么使用事件时间，而不是处理时间（受硬件影响，随机性太大），对于乱序数据，无法保证数据正确性，事件时间靠着新到数据的时间戳推动时间进展，可以使无论什么时候到来的数据都正常统计。（数据幂等性也是一种原因）</p>
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<a href="/2022/06/18/Flink%20%E8%BF%90%E8%A1%8C%E6%9E%B6%E6%9E%84/" class="post-title-link" itemprop="url">Flink 运行架构</a>
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<span class="post-meta-item-text">Posted on</span>
<time title="Created: 2022-06-18 17:50:31 / Modified: 18:51:22" itemprop="dateCreated datePublished" datetime="2022-06-18T17:50:31+08:00">2022-06-18</time>
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<span itemprop="about" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Thing">
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<h2 id="四、Flink运行架构"><a href="#四、Flink运行架构" class="headerlink" title="四、Flink运行架构"></a>四、Flink运行架构</h2><h3 id="4-1-系统架构"><a href="#4-1-系统架构" class="headerlink" title="4.1 系统架构"></a>4.1 系统架构</h3><p>分布式系统架构的起源：单节点，通过增加CPU、内存，提吞吐量，引出 SMP（Symmetrical Multi-Processing，对称多处理）架构。存在资源竞争和机器成本问题 =》提出”不共享任何东西”（share-nothing）的分布式架构。以GP为代表的MPP（Massively Parallel Processing 大规模并行处理架构）；到 Hadoop、Spark为代表的批处理架构，再到 Storm、Flink 为代表的流处理架构。</p>
<p>分布式系统经典问题：集群资源的分配和管理、进程协调调度、持久化和高可用的数据存储，以及故障恢复。</p>
<p>执行流程：</p>
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<a href="/2022/06/18/Flink%E5%AE%B9%E9%94%99%E6%9C%BA%E5%88%B6/" class="post-title-link" itemprop="url">Flink 容错机制</a>
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<span class="post-meta-item-text">Posted on</span>
<time title="Created: 2022-06-18 17:50:31 / Modified: 18:51:05" itemprop="dateCreated datePublished" datetime="2022-06-18T17:50:31+08:00">2022-06-18</time>
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<h2 id="Flink-容错机制"><a href="#Flink-容错机制" class="headerlink" title="Flink 容错机制"></a>Flink 容错机制</h2><h3 id="1、检查点"><a href="#1、检查点" class="headerlink" title="1、检查点"></a>1、检查点</h3><p>解决流处理应用的状态放在堆内存，重启后如何保留；</p>
<p>一致性检查点，故障恢复之后要与故障前对比是否一致</p>
<p>1.1检查点保存策略：</p>
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<time title="Created: 2022-06-18 17:50:31 / Modified: 18:31:43" itemprop="dateCreated datePublished" datetime="2022-06-18T17:50:31+08:00">2022-06-18</time>
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<h1 id="Hive练习题"><a href="#Hive练习题" class="headerlink" title="Hive练习题"></a>Hive练习题</h1><h3 id="1、Hive-表关联查询，如何解决数据倾斜问题？"><a href="#1、Hive-表关联查询，如何解决数据倾斜问题？" class="headerlink" title="1、Hive 表关联查询，如何解决数据倾斜问题？"></a>1、Hive 表关联查询，如何解决数据倾斜问题？</h3><p>排查思路：</p>
<p>定位查询慢的sql，统计key，count(*)；统计null值情况，主要确定key是否分布均衡.</p>
<p>情况一：group by 导致 key 分布不均；count distinct语法</p>
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<h1 id="Spark-练习题"><a href="#Spark-练习题" class="headerlink" title="Spark-练习题"></a>Spark-练习题</h1><h2 id="1、Spark比MR运行效率更高，请说明那些机制？"><a href="#1、Spark比MR运行效率更高，请说明那些机制？" class="headerlink" title="1、Spark比MR运行效率更高，请说明那些机制？"></a>1、Spark比MR运行效率更高，请说明那些机制？</h2><p>方法一：</p>
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<li><p>spark 将 shuffle 阶段数据存放内存，而mr落地hdfs；</p>
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<li><p>容错机制 Linage</p>
</li>
<li><p>内存利用和并行度更高；容器为 executor，内部ThreadPool 运行 Task；而MR在线程内部运行container，分为MapTask和ReduceTask</p>
<p>todo 具体差异？spark task的shuffle操作也会有依赖问题啊</p>
<p><img src="/../Nextcloud6/lllong33/Typoras/images/image-20220125083359677.png" alt="image-20220125083359677"></p>
</li>
<li><p>executor优化，在 JVM 上对内存弹性利用，即 storage、execution memory 弹性扩容，效率更高；</p>
<p>弹性扩容优势：避免因内存问题，减少重新计算；</p>
</li>
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<p>方法二：</p>
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