diff --git a/packages/x-data-grid/src/hooks/features/columnHeaders/useGridColumnHeaders.tsx b/packages/x-data-grid/src/hooks/features/columnHeaders/useGridColumnHeaders.tsx
index ff711ab42c48..1b8d2a88a567 100644
--- a/packages/x-data-grid/src/hooks/features/columnHeaders/useGridColumnHeaders.tsx
+++ b/packages/x-data-grid/src/hooks/features/columnHeaders/useGridColumnHeaders.tsx
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ import {
   GridColumnVisibilityModel,
   gridColumnPositionsSelector,
   gridVisiblePinnedColumnDefinitionsSelector,
+  gridColumnLookupSelector,
 } from '../columns';
 import { GridGroupingStructure } from '../columnGrouping/gridColumnGroupsInterfaces';
 import { gridColumnGroupsUnwrappedModelSelector } from '../columnGrouping/gridColumnGroupsSelector';
@@ -106,6 +107,7 @@ export const useGridColumnHeaders = (props: UseGridColumnHeadersProps) => {
   const columnPositions = useGridSelector(apiRef, gridColumnPositionsSelector);
   const renderContext = useGridSelector(apiRef, gridRenderContextColumnsSelector);
   const pinnedColumns = useGridSelector(apiRef, gridVisiblePinnedColumnDefinitionsSelector);
+  const columnsLookup = useGridSelector(apiRef, gridColumnLookupSelector);
   const offsetLeft = computeOffsetLeft(
     columnPositions,
     renderContext,
@@ -392,7 +394,7 @@ export const useGridColumnHeaders = (props: UseGridColumnHeadersProps) => {
       firstVisibleColumnIndex,
     );
     const leftOverflow = hiddenGroupColumns.reduce((acc, field) => {
-      const column = apiRef.current.getColumn(field);
+      const column = columnsLookup[field];
       return acc + (column.computedWidth ?? 0);
     }, 0);
 
@@ -411,10 +413,7 @@ export const useGridColumnHeaders = (props: UseGridColumnHeadersProps) => {
 
       const headerInfo: HeaderInfo = {
         groupId,
-        width: columnFields.reduce(
-          (acc, field) => acc + apiRef.current.getColumn(field).computedWidth,
-          0,
-        ),
+        width: columnFields.reduce((acc, field) => acc + columnsLookup[field].computedWidth, 0),
         fields: columnFields,
         colIndex: columnIndex,
         hasFocus,
diff --git a/packages/x-data-grid/src/tests/columnGrouping.DataGrid.test.tsx b/packages/x-data-grid/src/tests/columnGrouping.DataGrid.test.tsx
index d3ee1dd081c5..7d0a1002e2c4 100644
--- a/packages/x-data-grid/src/tests/columnGrouping.DataGrid.test.tsx
+++ b/packages/x-data-grid/src/tests/columnGrouping.DataGrid.test.tsx
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import * as React from 'react';
+import * as ReactDOM from 'react-dom';
 import { expect } from 'chai';
-import { createRenderer, ErrorBoundary, screen } from '@mui/internal-test-utils';
+import { createRenderer, ErrorBoundary, fireEvent, screen } from '@mui/internal-test-utils';
 import { DataGrid, DataGridProps, GridRowModel, GridColDef } from '@mui/x-data-grid';
 
 const isJSDOM = /jsdom/.test(window.navigator.userAgent);
@@ -325,6 +326,56 @@ describe('<DataGrid /> - Column grouping', () => {
         Array.from(row2Headers).map((header) => header.getAttribute('aria-colindex')),
       ).to.deep.equal(['1', '2', '3']);
     });
+
+    // https://github.com/mui/mui-x/issues/13985
+    it('should not throw when both `columns` and `columnGroupingModel` are updated twice', () => {
+      function Demo() {
+        const [props, setProps] = React.useState<
+          Pick<DataGridProps, 'columns' | 'columnGroupingModel'>
+        >({
+          columns: [],
+          columnGroupingModel: [],
+        });
+
+        const handleClick = () => {
+          ReactDOM.flushSync(() => {
+            setProps({
+              columns: [{ field: `field_0` }],
+              columnGroupingModel: [{ groupId: 'Group', children: [{ field: `field_0` }] }],
+            });
+          });
+
+          setProps({
+            columns: [{ field: `field_1` }],
+            columnGroupingModel: [{ groupId: 'Group', children: [{ field: `field_1` }] }],
+          });
+        };
+
+        return (
+          <div style={{ width: 300, height: 300 }}>
+            <button onClick={handleClick}>Update columns</button>
+            <DataGrid rows={[{ id: 1, field_0: 'Value 0', field_1: 'Value 1' }]} {...props} />
+          </div>
+        );
+      }
+      render(<Demo />);
+
+      fireEvent.click(screen.getByRole('button', { name: /Update columns/ }));
+
+      const row1Headers = document.querySelectorAll<HTMLElement>(
+        '[aria-rowindex="1"] [role="columnheader"]',
+      );
+      const row2Headers = document.querySelectorAll<HTMLElement>(
+        '[aria-rowindex="2"] [role="columnheader"]',
+      );
+
+      expect(
+        Array.from(row1Headers).map((header) => header.getAttribute('aria-label')),
+      ).to.deep.equal(['Group']);
+      expect(
+        Array.from(row2Headers).map((header) => header.getAttribute('aria-label')),
+      ).to.deep.equal(['field_1']);
+    });
   });
 
   // TODO: remove the skip. I failed to test if an error is thrown