diff --git a/NAMESPACE b/NAMESPACE
index 31301dd35..928e14497 100644
--- a/NAMESPACE
+++ b/NAMESPACE
@@ -47,6 +47,7 @@ export(ard_stats_mood_test)
 export(ard_stats_oneway_test)
 export(ard_stats_paired_t_test)
 export(ard_stats_paired_wilcox_test)
+export(ard_stats_poisson_test)
 export(ard_stats_prop_test)
 export(ard_stats_t_test)
 export(ard_stats_t_test_onesample)
diff --git a/R/ard_stats_poisson_test.R b/R/ard_stats_poisson_test.R
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..dd833d1da
--- /dev/null
+++ b/R/ard_stats_poisson_test.R
@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
+#' ARD Poisson Test
+#'
+#' @description
+#' Analysis results data for exact tests of a simple null hypothesis about the rate parameter
+#' in Poisson distribution, or the comparison of two rate parameters.
+#'
+#' @param data (`data.frame`)\cr
+#'   a data frame. See below for details.
+#' @param variables ([`tidy-select`][dplyr::dplyr_tidy_select])\cr
+#'   names of the event and time variables (in that order) to be used in computations. Must be of length 2.
+#' @param by ([`tidy-select`][dplyr::dplyr_tidy_select])\cr
+#'   optional column name to compare by.
+#' @param conf.level (scalar `numeric`)\cr
+#'   confidence level for confidence interval. Default is `0.95`.
+#' @param na.rm (scalar `logical`)\cr
+#'   whether missing values should be removed before computations. Default is `TRUE`.
+#' @param ... arguments passed to [poisson.test()].
+#' @return an ARD data frame of class 'card'
+#' @name ard_stats_poisson_test
+#'
+#' @details
+#' * For the `ard_stats_poisson_test()` function, the data is expected to be one row per subject.
+#' * If `by` is not specified, an exact Poisson test of the rate parameter will be performed. Otherwise, a
+#'   Poisson comparison of two rate parameters will be performed on the levels of `by`. If `by` has more than 2
+#'   levels, an error will occur.
+#'
+#' @examplesIf do.call(asNamespace("cardx")$is_pkg_installed, list(pkg = "broom", reference_pkg = "cardx"))
+#' # Exact test of rate parameter against null hypothesis
+#' cards::ADTTE |>
+#'   ard_stats_poisson_test(variables = c(CNSR, AVAL))
+#'
+#' # Comparison test of ratio of 2 rate parameters against null hypothesis
+#' cards::ADTTE |>
+#'   dplyr::filter(TRTA %in% c("Placebo", "Xanomeline High Dose")) |>
+#'   ard_stats_poisson_test(by = TRTA, variables = c(CNSR, AVAL))
+NULL
+
+#' @rdname ard_stats_poisson_test
+#' @export
+ard_stats_poisson_test <- function(data, variables, na.rm = TRUE, by = NULL, conf.level = 0.95, ...) {
+  set_cli_abort_call()
+
+  # check installed packages ---------------------------------------------------
+  check_pkg_installed("broom", reference_pkg = "cardx")
+
+  # check/process inputs -------------------------------------------------------
+  check_not_missing(data)
+  check_not_missing(variables)
+  check_data_frame(data)
+  data <- dplyr::ungroup(data)
+  cards::process_selectors(data, by = {{ by }}, variables = {{ variables }})
+  check_length(variables, 2)
+  check_logical(na.rm)
+  check_scalar(by, allow_empty = TRUE)
+  check_range(conf.level, range = c(0, 1))
+
+  # return empty ARD if no variables selected ----------------------
+  if (is_empty(variables)) {
+    return(dplyr::tibble() |> cards::as_card())
+  }
+
+  # check number of levels in `by`
+  if (!is_empty(by) && dplyr::n_distinct(data[[by]], na.rm = TRUE) != 2L) {
+    cli::cli_abort(
+      "The {.arg by} argument must have a maximum of two levels.",
+      call = get_cli_abort_call()
+    )
+  }
+
+  # calculate numerator and denominator values
+  if (!is_empty(by)) {
+    num <- data |>
+      dplyr::group_by(.data[[by]]) |>
+      dplyr::summarise(sum = sum(.data[[variables[1]]], na.rm = na.rm)) |>
+      dplyr::pull(sum)
+    denom <- data |>
+      dplyr::group_by(.data[[by]]) |>
+      dplyr::summarise(sum = sum(.data[[variables[2]]], na.rm = na.rm)) |>
+      dplyr::pull(sum)
+  } else {
+    num <- sum(data[[variables[1]]], na.rm = na.rm)
+    denom <- sum(data[[variables[2]]], na.rm = na.rm)
+  }
+
+  # build ARD ------------------------------------------------------------------
+  .format_poissontest_results(
+    by = by,
+    variables = variables,
+    lst_tidy =
+      cards::eval_capture_conditions(
+        stats::poisson.test(x = num, T = denom, conf.level = conf.level, ...) |> broom::tidy()
+      ),
+    ...
+  )
+}
+
+#' Convert Poisson test to ARD
+#'
+#' @inheritParams cards::tidy_as_ard
+#' @inheritParams stats::poisson.test
+#' @param by (`string`)\cr by column name
+#' @param variables (`character`)\cr names of the event and time variables
+#' @param ... passed to [poisson.test()]
+#'
+#' @return ARD data frame
+#' @keywords internal
+#' @examplesIf do.call(asNamespace("cardx")$is_pkg_installed, list(pkg = "broom", reference_pkg = "cardx"))
+#' cardx:::.format_poissontest_results(
+#'   by = "ARM",
+#'   variables = c("CNSR", "AVAL"),
+#'   lst_tidy =
+#'     cards::eval_capture_conditions(
+#'       stats::poisson.test(sum(cards::ADTTE[["CNSR"]]), sum(cards::ADTTE[["AVAL"]])) |>
+#'         broom::tidy()
+#'     )
+#' )
+.format_poissontest_results <- function(by = NULL, variables, lst_tidy, ...) {
+  # build ARD ------------------------------------------------------------------
+  ret <-
+    cards::tidy_as_ard(
+      lst_tidy = lst_tidy,
+      tidy_result_names =
+        c(
+          "estimate", "statistic",
+          "p.value", "parameter", "conf.low", "conf.high",
+          "method", "alternative"
+        ),
+      fun_args_to_record = c("conf.level", "r"),
+      formals = formals(asNamespace("stats")[["poisson.test"]]),
+      passed_args = dots_list(...),
+      lst_ard_columns = list(context = "stats_poisson_test", variable = variables[2])
+    ) |>
+    dplyr::distinct()
+
+  # rename "r" statistic to "mu"
+  ret$stat_name[ret$stat_name == "r"] <- "mu"
+
+  if (!is_empty(by)) {
+    ret <- ret |>
+      dplyr::mutate(group1 = by)
+  }
+
+  # add the stat label ---------------------------------------------------------
+  ret |>
+    dplyr::left_join(
+      .df_poissontest_stat_labels(by = by),
+      by = "stat_name"
+    ) |>
+    dplyr::mutate(stat_label = dplyr::coalesce(.data$stat_label, .data$stat_name)) |>
+    cards::as_card() |>
+    cards::tidy_ard_column_order()
+}
+
+.df_poissontest_stat_labels <- function(by = NULL) {
+  dplyr::tribble(
+    ~stat_name, ~stat_label,
+    "estimate", ifelse(is_empty(by), "Estimated Rate", "Estimated Rate Ratio"),
+    "statistic", ifelse(is_empty(by), "Number of Events", "Number of Events in First Sample"),
+    "p.value", "p-value",
+    "parameter", "Expected Count",
+    "conf.low", "CI Lower Bound",
+    "conf.high", "CI Upper Bound",
+    "mu", "H0 Mean",
+    "conf.level", "CI Confidence Level"
+  )
+}
diff --git a/_pkgdown.yml b/_pkgdown.yml
index ea59918fa..f48f87f6b 100644
--- a/_pkgdown.yml
+++ b/_pkgdown.yml
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ reference:
       - ard_stats_mood_test
       - ard_stats_mcnemar_test
       - ard_stats_oneway_test
+      - ard_stats_poisson_test
       - ard_stats_prop_test
       - ard_stats_t_test
       - ard_stats_t_test_onesample
diff --git a/man/ard_stats_poisson_test.Rd b/man/ard_stats_poisson_test.Rd
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..6bdcea7a0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/man/ard_stats_poisson_test.Rd
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+% Generated by roxygen2: do not edit by hand
+% Please edit documentation in R/ard_stats_poisson_test.R
+\name{ard_stats_poisson_test}
+\alias{ard_stats_poisson_test}
+\title{ARD Poisson Test}
+\usage{
+ard_stats_poisson_test(
+  data,
+  variables,
+  na.rm = TRUE,
+  by = NULL,
+  conf.level = 0.95,
+  ...
+)
+}
+\arguments{
+\item{data}{(\code{data.frame})\cr
+a data frame. See below for details.}
+
+\item{variables}{(\code{\link[dplyr:dplyr_tidy_select]{tidy-select}})\cr
+names of the event and time variables (in that order) to be used in computations. Must be of length 2.}
+
+\item{na.rm}{(scalar \code{logical})\cr
+whether missing values should be removed before computations. Default is \code{TRUE}.}
+
+\item{by}{(\code{\link[dplyr:dplyr_tidy_select]{tidy-select}})\cr
+optional column name to compare by.}
+
+\item{conf.level}{(scalar \code{numeric})\cr
+confidence level for confidence interval. Default is \code{0.95}.}
+
+\item{...}{arguments passed to \code{\link[=poisson.test]{poisson.test()}}.}
+}
+\value{
+an ARD data frame of class 'card'
+}
+\description{
+Analysis results data for exact tests of a simple null hypothesis about the rate parameter
+in Poisson distribution, or the comparison of two rate parameters.
+}
+\details{
+\itemize{
+\item For the \code{ard_stats_poisson_test()} function, the data is expected to be one row per subject.
+\item If \code{by} is not specified, an exact Poisson test of the rate parameter will be performed. Otherwise, a
+Poisson comparison of two rate parameters will be performed on the levels of \code{by}. If \code{by} has more than 2
+levels, an error will occur.
+}
+}
+\examples{
+\dontshow{if (do.call(asNamespace("cardx")$is_pkg_installed, list(pkg = "broom", reference_pkg = "cardx"))) (if (getRversion() >= "3.4") withAutoprint else force)(\{ # examplesIf}
+# Exact test of rate parameter against null hypothesis
+cards::ADTTE |>
+  ard_stats_poisson_test(variables = c(CNSR, AVAL))
+
+# Comparison test of ratio of 2 rate parameters against null hypothesis
+cards::ADTTE |>
+  dplyr::filter(TRTA \%in\% c("Placebo", "Xanomeline High Dose")) |>
+  ard_stats_poisson_test(by = TRTA, variables = c(CNSR, AVAL))
+\dontshow{\}) # examplesIf}
+}
diff --git a/man/dot-format_poissontest_results.Rd b/man/dot-format_poissontest_results.Rd
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..19a451d83
--- /dev/null
+++ b/man/dot-format_poissontest_results.Rd
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+% Generated by roxygen2: do not edit by hand
+% Please edit documentation in R/ard_stats_poisson_test.R
+\name{.format_poissontest_results}
+\alias{.format_poissontest_results}
+\title{Convert Poisson test to ARD}
+\usage{
+.format_poissontest_results(by = NULL, variables, lst_tidy, ...)
+}
+\arguments{
+\item{by}{(\code{string})\cr by column name}
+
+\item{variables}{(\code{character})\cr names of the event and time variables}
+
+\item{lst_tidy}{(named \code{list})\cr
+list of tidied results constructed with \code{\link[cards:eval_capture_conditions]{eval_capture_conditions()}},
+e.g. \code{eval_capture_conditions(t.test(mtcars$mpg ~ mtcars$am) |> broom::tidy())}.}
+
+\item{...}{passed to \code{\link[=poisson.test]{poisson.test()}}}
+}
+\value{
+ARD data frame
+}
+\description{
+Convert Poisson test to ARD
+}
+\examples{
+\dontshow{if (do.call(asNamespace("cardx")$is_pkg_installed, list(pkg = "broom", reference_pkg = "cardx"))) (if (getRversion() >= "3.4") withAutoprint else force)(\{ # examplesIf}
+cardx:::.format_poissontest_results(
+  by = "ARM",
+  variables = c("CNSR", "AVAL"),
+  lst_tidy =
+    cards::eval_capture_conditions(
+      stats::poisson.test(sum(cards::ADTTE[["CNSR"]]), sum(cards::ADTTE[["AVAL"]])) |>
+        broom::tidy()
+    )
+)
+\dontshow{\}) # examplesIf}
+}
+\keyword{internal}
diff --git a/tests/testthat/_snaps/ard_stats_poisson_test.md b/tests/testthat/_snaps/ard_stats_poisson_test.md
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0c60b4489
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/testthat/_snaps/ard_stats_poisson_test.md
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+# ard_stats_poisson_test() errors are handled correctly
+
+    Code
+      ard_stats_poisson_test(cards::ADTTE, by = TRTA, variables = c(CNSR, AVAL))
+    Condition
+      Error in `ard_stats_poisson_test()`:
+      ! The `by` argument must have a maximum of two levels.
+
diff --git a/tests/testthat/test-ard_stats_poisson_test.R b/tests/testthat/test-ard_stats_poisson_test.R
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0a083dd99
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/testthat/test-ard_stats_poisson_test.R
@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+skip_if_not(is_pkg_installed("broom", reference_pkg = "cardx"))
+
+test_that("ard_stats_poisson_test() works for one sample tests", {
+  # Default values work
+  expect_silent(
+    ard_stats_poisson_test(cards::ADTTE, variables = c(CNSR, AVAL))
+  )
+
+  # Custom values work
+  expect_silent(
+    ard_single <- ard_stats_poisson_test(
+      cards::ADTTE,
+      variables = c("CNSR", "AVAL"),
+      conf.level = 0.90,
+      r = 0.8,
+      alternative = "greater"
+    )
+  )
+
+  # Statistics calculated correctly
+  expect_equal(
+    ard_single |>
+      cards::get_ard_statistics(
+        stat_name %in%
+          c("estimate", "statistic", "p.value", "parameter", "conf.low", "conf.high", "method", "alternative")
+      ),
+    poisson.test(
+      x = sum(cards::ADTTE$CNSR),
+      T = sum(cards::ADTTE$AVAL),
+      r = 0.8,
+      conf.level = 0.9,
+      alternative = "greater"
+    ) |>
+      broom::tidy() |>
+      unclass(),
+    ignore_attr = TRUE
+  )
+})
+
+test_that("ard_stats_poisson_test() works for two sample tests", {
+  expect_silent(
+    ard_compare <-
+      cards::ADTTE |>
+      dplyr::filter(TRTA %in% c("Placebo", "Xanomeline High Dose")) |>
+      ard_stats_poisson_test(by = TRTA, variables = c(CNSR, AVAL))
+  )
+
+  # Statistics calculated correctly
+  expect_equal(
+    ard_compare |>
+      cards::get_ard_statistics(
+        stat_name %in%
+          c("estimate", "statistic", "p.value", "parameter", "conf.low", "conf.high", "method", "alternative")
+      ),
+    poisson.test(
+      x = cards::ADTTE |>
+        dplyr::filter(TRTA %in% c("Placebo", "Xanomeline High Dose")) |>
+        dplyr::group_by(TRTA) |>
+        dplyr::summarise(sum = sum(CNSR)) |>
+        dplyr::pull(sum),
+      T = cards::ADTTE |>
+        dplyr::filter(TRTA %in% c("Placebo", "Xanomeline High Dose")) |>
+        dplyr::group_by(TRTA) |>
+        dplyr::summarise(sum = sum(AVAL)) |>
+        dplyr::pull(sum)
+    ) |>
+      broom::tidy() |>
+      unclass(),
+    ignore_attr = TRUE
+  )
+})
+
+test_that("ard_stats_poisson_test() errors are handled correctly", {
+  expect_snapshot(
+    cards::ADTTE |>
+      ard_stats_poisson_test(by = TRTA, variables = c(CNSR, AVAL)),
+    error = TRUE
+  )
+})
+
+test_that("ard_stats_poisson_test() follows ard structure", {
+  expect_silent(
+    ard_stats_poisson_test(cards::ADTTE, variables = c(CNSR, AVAL)) |>
+      cards::check_ard_structure(method = T)
+  )
+})