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DarkLibrary.html
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<h1>The StellarMate X Manual</h1>
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<li><a href="StellarMateApp1.html">StellarMate App</a></li><li><a href="Ekos1.html">Ekos</a></li><li><a href="Modules.html">Modules</a></li><li><a href="Capture1.html">Capture</a></li>
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<h2>Dark Library</h2>
<div class="main-content">
<p class="rvps15"><span class="rvts50">Dark Library </span><img width="29" height="20" alt="" style="padding : 1px;" src="lib/dark-library-icon.png"></p>
<p class="rvps15"><span class="rvts50"><br/></span></p>
<p class="rvps7"><img width="852" height="528" alt="" style="padding : 1px;" src="lib/dark_library_icon.jpg"></p>
<p class="rvps15"><span class="rvts50"><br/></span></p>
<p class="rvps15"><span class="rvts50"><br/></span></p>
<p class="rvps7"><img width="854" height="600" alt="" style="padding : 1px;" src="lib/dark_library2.jpg"><br/><span class="rvts50"><br/></span></p>
<p class="rvps5"><span class="rvts48">The Dark Library is a collection of dark frames captured from your cameras under different settings. There are basically five primary types of frames:</span></p>
<p class="rvps5"><span class="rvts48"><br/></span></p>
<ol style="text-indent: 0px; padding: 0; margin: 0 0 0 40px; list-style-position: outside;">
<li class="rvps5"><span class="rvts50">Light Frame: </span><span class="rvts48">This is the regular image captured by your sensor. It is called light because it captures the incoming light received at the sensor.</span></li>
<li class="rvps5"><span class="rvts50">Dark Frame:</span><span class="rvts48"> A frame captured with the same settings as the light frame (same temperature, exposure time, and binning) but with the shutter </span><span class="rvts50">closed</span><span class="rvts48"> so that no photons reach the sensor. This is used to record the electronic noise generated by the sensor without any incident photons. It is used to remove noise from the Light Frame by means of subtraction since the Light Frame includes signal from both the incoming photons and electronic noise generated by the sensor.</span></li>
<li class="rvps5"><span class="rvts50">Bias: </span><span class="rvts48">A very short exposure with the shutter closed.</span></li>
<li class="rvps5"><span class="rvts50">Flat:</span><span class="rvts48"> A frame captured with the same settings as the light frame (same temperature, exposure time, and binning) but subjected to an illuminated flat field source (such as an LED panel). This is used to correct for optical aberrations in the imaging train including dust motes.</span></li>
<li class="rvps5"><span class="rvts50">Dark Flats: </span><span class="rvts48">Special type of dark frames captured at the same exposure of flat frames. This is used to calibrate the flat frames.</span><br/><span class="rvts48">Dark Library is used to capture dark images.</span></li>
</ol>
<p class="rvps5"><span class="rvts48"><br/></span></p>
<p class="rvps5"><span class="rvts48">Generating a dark library for your equipment profile is highly recommended. When capturing frames in focus, guide, and align modules, the system searches the dark library for suitable dark frames. If a suitable match is found, the light frame is calibrated and this can greatly enhance the performance and accuracy of all Ekos modules.</span></p>
<p class="rvps5"><span class="rvts48"><br/></span></p>
<p class="rvps5"><span class="rvts50">Note: </span><span class="rvts71">"</span><span class="rvts70">Dark Library is not used to calibrate your sequence images, it is only used to calibrate the Align, Focus, and Guide module frames."</span></p>
<p class="rvps5"><span class="rvts70"><br/></span></p>
<p class="rvps5"><span class="rvts48">Dark frame calibration can be applied using two methods:</span></p>
<ol style="text-indent: 0px; padding: 0; margin: 0 0 0 40px; list-style-position: outside;">
<li class="rvps5"><span class="rvts50">Dark Subtraction</span><span class="rvts48">: The dark frame is simply subtracted from the light frame. This is the recommended method when using a cooled camera.</span></li>
<li class="rvps5"><span class="rvts50">Defect Maps</span><span class="rvts48">: For uncooled cameras (e.g. Guide), dark frames may not be suitable for removing the hot and pixels present in the image. An alternative method generates a map of bad pixels that should be treated in the light frame. You can adjust the Hot and Cold pixels sliders to include or exclude pixels. It’s recommended not to include more than 5,000 pixels as it can become computationally expensive to correct this many pixels in guide images. Ekos corrects each defective pixel by using calculating the median value from surrounding pixels.</span></li>
</ol>
<p class="rvps5"><span class="rvts50"><br/></span></p>
<p class="rvps5"><span class="rvts50">Preset:</span><span class="rvts48"> Select which capture preset to use. The camera name, gain, and offset are used from the preset while the exposure and temperature settings (if supported) are configured in the Create Dark Library window.</span></p>
<p class="rvps5"><span class="rvts48"><br/></span></p>
<p class="rvps5"><span class="rvts50">Prefer:</span><span class="rvts48"> Select which dark calibration method to utilize for the selected preset. Both methods are used to remove noise from the light frame:</span></p>
<ul style="text-indent: 0px; padding: 0; margin: 0 0 0 40px; list-style-position: outside; list-style-type: disc;">
<li class="rvps5"><span class="rvts50">Dark</span><span class="rvts48">: Remove noise by means of dark frame subtraction.</span></li>
<li class="rvps5"><span class="rvts50">Defect Maps</span><span class="rvts48">: Remove noise by means of defect map substitution.</span></li>
</ul>
<p class="rvps28"><span class="rvts50">1. Create Darks:</span></p>
<p class="rvps15"><span class="rvts50"> </span></p>
<p class="rvps15"><span class="rvts50"><br/></span></p>
<p class="rvps7"><img width="855" height="603" alt="" style="padding : 1px;" src="lib/create_darks.jpg"></p>
<p class="rvps7"><span class="rvts48"><br/></span></p>
<p class="rvps7"><span class="rvts48"><br/></span></p>
<p class="rvps28"><span class="rvts48">Create a </span><span class="rvts50">master</span><span class="rvts48"> dark frame by capturing and averaging a number of individual dark frames.</span></p>
<ol style="text-indent: 0px; padding: 0; margin: 0 0 0 24px; list-style-position: outside;">
<ol style="text-indent: 0px; padding: 0; margin: 0 0 0 48px; list-style-position: outside;">
<li style="text-indent: 0px" class="rvps28"><span class="rvts48">Select the range of exposures, binning, temperatures and count (if applicable) required. </span></li>
<li style="text-indent: 0px" class="rvps28"><span class="rvts48">Each time you change a selection, the Total Frames count is updated to reflect the required frames.</span></li>
<li style="text-indent: 0px" class="rvps28"><span class="rvts48">When ready, tap the Play button to start the process.</span><span class="rvts46"> </span></li>
</ol>
</ol>
<p class="rvps7"><span class="rvts48"><br/></span></p>
<p class="rvps28"><span class="rvts50">2. Create Defect Map: </span></p>
<p class="rvps28"><span class="rvts50"><br/></span></p>
<p class="rvps7"><img width="855" height="603" alt="" style="padding : 1px;" src="lib/create_defects.jpg"></p>
<p class="rvps7"><span class="rvts50"><br/></span></p>
<p class="rvps7"><span class="rvts50"><br/></span></p>
<p class="rvps29"><span class="rvts48">After creating a master dark, you can create a defect map for your camera. Usually, defect maps are used when dark frame subtraction does</span></p>
<p class="rvps29"><span class="rvts48">not improve the quality of the calibration result. This is especially evident when using uncooled guide cameras that can exhibit hot pixels that are</span></p>
<p class="rvps29"><span class="rvts48">hard to treat with classical dark frame subtraction methods.</span></p>
<ol style="text-indent: 0px; padding: 0; margin: 0 0 0 24px; list-style-position: outside;">
<ol style="text-indent: 0px; padding: 0; margin: 0 0 0 48px; list-style-position: outside;">
<li style="text-indent: 0px" class="rvps29"><span class="rvts48">Selecting the master dark frame, loads the infomation of the image </span></li>
<li style="text-indent: 0px" class="rvps29"><span class="rvts48">Then adjust Hot and Cold pixel sliders to include or exclude pixels. </span></li>
<li style="text-indent: 0px" class="rvps29"><span class="rvts48">Click Generate Map to inspect the results and once satisfied tap the save button to store the defect map for future use.</span></li>
</ol>
</ol>
<p class="rvps5"><span class="rvts46"><br/></span></p>
<p class="rvps28"><span class="rvts50">3. View Masters:</span></p>
<p class="rvps15"><span class="rvts50"><br/></span></p>
<p class="rvps15"><span class="rvts48"><br/></span></p>
<p class="rvps7"><img width="859" height="605" alt="" style="padding : 1px;" src="lib/view-masters.jpg"></p>
<p class="rvps7"><span class="rvts69"><br/></span></p>
<p class="rvps7"><span class="rvts69"><br/></span></p>
<p class="rvps28"><span class="rvts48">Inspect master frames of a specific camera.</span><span class="rvts6"></span></p>
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