1.Titanic - Machine Learning from Disaster.ipynb

{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Titanic - Machine Learning from Disaster\n",
    "\n",
    "https://www.kaggle.com/c/titanic"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 1,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "import pandas as pd\n",
    "from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split\n",
    "from sklearn.metrics import mean_absolute_error"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 2,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
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       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
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       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>PassengerId</th>\n",
       "      <th>Survived</th>\n",
       "      <th>Pclass</th>\n",
       "      <th>Name</th>\n",
       "      <th>Sex</th>\n",
       "      <th>Age</th>\n",
       "      <th>SibSp</th>\n",
       "      <th>Parch</th>\n",
       "      <th>Ticket</th>\n",
       "      <th>Fare</th>\n",
       "      <th>Cabin</th>\n",
       "      <th>Embarked</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>Braund, Mr. Owen Harris</td>\n",
       "      <td>male</td>\n",
       "      <td>22.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>A/5 21171</td>\n",
       "      <td>7.2500</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>S</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>2</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>Cumings, Mrs. John Bradley (Florence Briggs Th...</td>\n",
       "      <td>female</td>\n",
       "      <td>38.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>PC 17599</td>\n",
       "      <td>71.2833</td>\n",
       "      <td>C85</td>\n",
       "      <td>C</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>Heikkinen, Miss. Laina</td>\n",
       "      <td>female</td>\n",
       "      <td>26.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>STON/O2. 3101282</td>\n",
       "      <td>7.9250</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>S</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>4</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>Futrelle, Mrs. Jacques Heath (Lily May Peel)</td>\n",
       "      <td>female</td>\n",
       "      <td>35.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>113803</td>\n",
       "      <td>53.1000</td>\n",
       "      <td>C123</td>\n",
       "      <td>S</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4</th>\n",
       "      <td>5</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>Allen, Mr. William Henry</td>\n",
       "      <td>male</td>\n",
       "      <td>35.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>373450</td>\n",
       "      <td>8.0500</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>S</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "   PassengerId  Survived  Pclass  \\\n",
       "0            1         0       3   \n",
       "1            2         1       1   \n",
       "2            3         1       3   \n",
       "3            4         1       1   \n",
       "4            5         0       3   \n",
       "\n",
       "                                                Name     Sex   Age  SibSp  \\\n",
       "0                            Braund, Mr. Owen Harris    male  22.0      1   \n",
       "1  Cumings, Mrs. John Bradley (Florence Briggs Th...  female  38.0      1   \n",
       "2                             Heikkinen, Miss. Laina  female  26.0      0   \n",
       "3       Futrelle, Mrs. Jacques Heath (Lily May Peel)  female  35.0      1   \n",
       "4                           Allen, Mr. William Henry    male  35.0      0   \n",
       "\n",
       "   Parch            Ticket     Fare Cabin Embarked  \n",
       "0      0         A/5 21171   7.2500   NaN        S  \n",
       "1      0          PC 17599  71.2833   C85        C  \n",
       "2      0  STON/O2. 3101282   7.9250   NaN        S  \n",
       "3      0            113803  53.1000  C123        S  \n",
       "4      0            373450   8.0500   NaN        S  "
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 2,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "titanic_train = '/home/ubuntu/pCloudDrive/18.Kaggle microcourses/00.Kaggle micro-courses/07.Intro to Machine Learning/02.Kaggle-Competition-Titanic/titanic/train.csv'\n",
    "titanic_data = pd.read_csv(titanic_train)\n",
    "titanic_data.head()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 3,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "PassengerId      0\n",
       "Survived         0\n",
       "Pclass           0\n",
       "Name             0\n",
       "Sex              0\n",
       "Age            177\n",
       "SibSp            0\n",
       "Parch            0\n",
       "Ticket           0\n",
       "Fare             0\n",
       "Cabin          687\n",
       "Embarked         2\n",
       "dtype: int64"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 3,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "titanic_data.isnull().sum()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 4,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "(891, 12)"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 4,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "titanic_data.shape"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "I see I have to encode the values for Sex so we can use them for the model"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "I see that 177 out of 891 records have missing data for age <br>\n",
    "I wonder if we can fill in missing data for age, like is this a safe practice <br>\n",
    "Three things I can do here\n",
    "1) remove missing rows from the age column by axis 0 <br>\n",
    "2) remove missing values from the age column by axis 1 basically remove the entire column entirely <br>\n",
    "3) try and fill missing values <br>\n",
    "4) imputation on mean value of age of passengers seems the best so far <br>"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "I see almost all the values for cabin are missing but I think I won't need this feature anyway, so dont have to worry about it this much rn"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Baseline model sort of "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 5,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "#skipping PassengerId, name, sex, age, ticket, cabin and embarked for now\n",
    "y = titanic_data['Survived']\n",
    "features = ['Pclass', 'SibSp', 'Parch', 'Fare']\n",
    "X = titanic_data[features]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 6,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "train_X, val_X, train_y, val_y = train_test_split(X, y, random_state = 1)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 7,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "223"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 7,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "from sklearn.linear_model import LogisticRegression\n",
    "logreg = LogisticRegression()\n",
    "logreg.fit(train_X, train_y)\n",
    "\n",
    "val_predictions = logreg.predict(val_X)\n",
    "val_predictions.size"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 8,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "[[105  23]\n",
      " [ 51  44]]\n"
     ]
    },
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "0.6681614349775785"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 8,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "from sklearn.metrics import confusion_matrix, accuracy_score\n",
    "cm = confusion_matrix(val_y, val_predictions)\n",
    "print(cm)\n",
    "accuracy_score(val_y, val_predictions)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 9,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "223"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 9,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "105+23+51+44"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 10,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# 0.6681614349775785 not great, not terrible "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Label encoding the sex column"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 11,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
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       "      <th>PassengerId</th>\n",
       "      <th>Survived</th>\n",
       "      <th>Pclass</th>\n",
       "      <th>Name</th>\n",
       "      <th>Sex</th>\n",
       "      <th>Age</th>\n",
       "      <th>SibSp</th>\n",
       "      <th>Parch</th>\n",
       "      <th>Ticket</th>\n",
       "      <th>Fare</th>\n",
       "      <th>Cabin</th>\n",
       "      <th>Embarked</th>\n",
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       "      <td>1</td>\n",
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       "      <td>Braund, Mr. Owen Harris</td>\n",
       "      <td>male</td>\n",
       "      <td>22.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>A/5 21171</td>\n",
       "      <td>7.2500</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>S</td>\n",
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       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>2</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>Cumings, Mrs. John Bradley (Florence Briggs Th...</td>\n",
       "      <td>female</td>\n",
       "      <td>38.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>PC 17599</td>\n",
       "      <td>71.2833</td>\n",
       "      <td>C85</td>\n",
       "      <td>C</td>\n",
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       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>Heikkinen, Miss. Laina</td>\n",
       "      <td>female</td>\n",
       "      <td>26.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>STON/O2. 3101282</td>\n",
       "      <td>7.9250</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>S</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>4</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>Futrelle, Mrs. Jacques Heath (Lily May Peel)</td>\n",
       "      <td>female</td>\n",
       "      <td>35.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>113803</td>\n",
       "      <td>53.1000</td>\n",
       "      <td>C123</td>\n",
       "      <td>S</td>\n",
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       "      <th>4</th>\n",
       "      <td>5</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>Allen, Mr. William Henry</td>\n",
       "      <td>male</td>\n",
       "      <td>35.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>373450</td>\n",
       "      <td>8.0500</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>S</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>...</th>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
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       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>886</th>\n",
       "      <td>887</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>2</td>\n",
       "      <td>Montvila, Rev. Juozas</td>\n",
       "      <td>male</td>\n",
       "      <td>27.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>211536</td>\n",
       "      <td>13.0000</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>S</td>\n",
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       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>887</th>\n",
       "      <td>888</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>Graham, Miss. Margaret Edith</td>\n",
       "      <td>female</td>\n",
       "      <td>19.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>112053</td>\n",
       "      <td>30.0000</td>\n",
       "      <td>B42</td>\n",
       "      <td>S</td>\n",
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       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>888</th>\n",
       "      <td>889</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>Johnston, Miss. Catherine Helen \"Carrie\"</td>\n",
       "      <td>female</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>2</td>\n",
       "      <td>W./C. 6607</td>\n",
       "      <td>23.4500</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>S</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>889</th>\n",
       "      <td>890</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>Behr, Mr. Karl Howell</td>\n",
       "      <td>male</td>\n",
       "      <td>26.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>111369</td>\n",
       "      <td>30.0000</td>\n",
       "      <td>C148</td>\n",
       "      <td>C</td>\n",
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       "      <th>890</th>\n",
       "      <td>891</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>Dooley, Mr. Patrick</td>\n",
       "      <td>male</td>\n",
       "      <td>32.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>370376</td>\n",
       "      <td>7.7500</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>Q</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "<p>891 rows × 12 columns</p>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "     PassengerId  Survived  Pclass  \\\n",
       "0              1         0       3   \n",
       "1              2         1       1   \n",
       "2              3         1       3   \n",
       "3              4         1       1   \n",
       "4              5         0       3   \n",
       "..           ...       ...     ...   \n",
       "886          887         0       2   \n",
       "887          888         1       1   \n",
       "888          889         0       3   \n",
       "889          890         1       1   \n",
       "890          891         0       3   \n",
       "\n",
       "                                                  Name     Sex   Age  SibSp  \\\n",
       "0                              Braund, Mr. Owen Harris    male  22.0      1   \n",
       "1    Cumings, Mrs. John Bradley (Florence Briggs Th...  female  38.0      1   \n",
       "2                               Heikkinen, Miss. Laina  female  26.0      0   \n",
       "3         Futrelle, Mrs. Jacques Heath (Lily May Peel)  female  35.0      1   \n",
       "4                             Allen, Mr. William Henry    male  35.0      0   \n",
       "..                                                 ...     ...   ...    ...   \n",
       "886                              Montvila, Rev. Juozas    male  27.0      0   \n",
       "887                       Graham, Miss. Margaret Edith  female  19.0      0   \n",
       "888           Johnston, Miss. Catherine Helen \"Carrie\"  female   NaN      1   \n",
       "889                              Behr, Mr. Karl Howell    male  26.0      0   \n",
       "890                                Dooley, Mr. Patrick    male  32.0      0   \n",
       "\n",
       "     Parch            Ticket     Fare Cabin Embarked  \n",
       "0        0         A/5 21171   7.2500   NaN        S  \n",
       "1        0          PC 17599  71.2833   C85        C  \n",
       "2        0  STON/O2. 3101282   7.9250   NaN        S  \n",
       "3        0            113803  53.1000  C123        S  \n",
       "4        0            373450   8.0500   NaN        S  \n",
       "..     ...               ...      ...   ...      ...  \n",
       "886      0            211536  13.0000   NaN        S  \n",
       "887      0            112053  30.0000   B42        S  \n",
       "888      2        W./C. 6607  23.4500   NaN        S  \n",
       "889      0            111369  30.0000  C148        C  \n",
       "890      0            370376   7.7500   NaN        Q  \n",
       "\n",
       "[891 rows x 12 columns]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 11,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "titanic_data"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 12,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "#skipping PassengerId, name, age, ticket, cabin and embarked for now\n",
    "y2 = titanic_data['Survived']\n",
    "features = ['Pclass', 'Sex', 'SibSp', 'Parch', 'Fare']\n",
    "X2 = titanic_data[features]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 13,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "train_X2, val_X2, train_y2, val_y2 = train_test_split(X2, y2, random_state = 1)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 14,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
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       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>Pclass</th>\n",
       "      <th>Sex</th>\n",
       "      <th>SibSp</th>\n",
       "      <th>Parch</th>\n",
       "      <th>Fare</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>35</th>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>male</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>52.0000</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>46</th>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>male</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>15.5000</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>453</th>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>male</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>89.1042</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>291</th>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>female</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>91.0792</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>748</th>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>male</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>53.1000</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>...</th>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>715</th>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>male</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>7.6500</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>767</th>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>female</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>7.7500</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>72</th>\n",
       "      <td>2</td>\n",
       "      <td>male</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>73.5000</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>235</th>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>female</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>7.5500</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>37</th>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>male</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>8.0500</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "<p>668 rows × 5 columns</p>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "     Pclass     Sex  SibSp  Parch     Fare\n",
       "35        1    male      1      0  52.0000\n",
       "46        3    male      1      0  15.5000\n",
       "453       1    male      1      0  89.1042\n",
       "291       1  female      1      0  91.0792\n",
       "748       1    male      1      0  53.1000\n",
       "..      ...     ...    ...    ...      ...\n",
       "715       3    male      0      0   7.6500\n",
       "767       3  female      0      0   7.7500\n",
       "72        2    male      0      0  73.5000\n",
       "235       3  female      0      0   7.5500\n",
       "37        3    male      0      0   8.0500\n",
       "\n",
       "[668 rows x 5 columns]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 14,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "train_X2"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 15,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "35       male\n",
       "46       male\n",
       "453      male\n",
       "291    female\n",
       "748      male\n",
       "        ...  \n",
       "715      male\n",
       "767    female\n",
       "72       male\n",
       "235    female\n",
       "37       male\n",
       "Name: Sex, Length: 668, dtype: object"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 15,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "train_X2.iloc[:,1]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 16,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stderr",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "/home/ubuntu/snap/anaconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pandas/core/indexing.py:1745: SettingWithCopyWarning: \n",
      "A value is trying to be set on a copy of a slice from a DataFrame.\n",
      "Try using .loc[row_indexer,col_indexer] = value instead\n",
      "\n",
      "See the caveats in the documentation: https://pandas.pydata.org/pandas-docs/stable/user_guide/indexing.html#returning-a-view-versus-a-copy\n",
      "  isetter(ilocs[0], value)\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "from sklearn.preprocessing import LabelEncoder\n",
    "label_encoder = LabelEncoder()\n",
    "\n",
    "## differentce between fit_transform and transform????\n",
    "\n",
    "train_X2.iloc[:,1] = label_encoder.fit_transform(train_X2['Sex'])\n",
    "val_X2.iloc[:,1] = label_encoder.transform(val_X2['Sex'])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 17,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
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       "    }\n",
       "\n",
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       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>Pclass</th>\n",
       "      <th>Sex</th>\n",
       "      <th>SibSp</th>\n",
       "      <th>Parch</th>\n",
       "      <th>Fare</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>35</th>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>52.0000</td>\n",
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       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>46</th>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>15.5000</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>453</th>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>89.1042</td>\n",
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       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>291</th>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
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       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>91.0792</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>748</th>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>53.1000</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>...</th>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
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       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>715</th>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>7.6500</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>767</th>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>7.7500</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>72</th>\n",
       "      <td>2</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>73.5000</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>235</th>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>7.5500</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>37</th>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>8.0500</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "<p>668 rows × 5 columns</p>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "     Pclass  Sex  SibSp  Parch     Fare\n",
       "35        1    1      1      0  52.0000\n",
       "46        3    1      1      0  15.5000\n",
       "453       1    1      1      0  89.1042\n",
       "291       1    0      1      0  91.0792\n",
       "748       1    1      1      0  53.1000\n",
       "..      ...  ...    ...    ...      ...\n",
       "715       3    1      0      0   7.6500\n",
       "767       3    0      0      0   7.7500\n",
       "72        2    1      0      0  73.5000\n",
       "235       3    0      0      0   7.5500\n",
       "37        3    1      0      0   8.0500\n",
       "\n",
       "[668 rows x 5 columns]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 17,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "train_X2"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 18,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "223"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 18,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "logreg2 = LogisticRegression()\n",
    "logreg2.fit(train_X2, train_y2)\n",
    "\n",
    "val_predictions2 = logreg2.predict(val_X2)\n",
    "val_predictions2.size"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 19,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "[[114  14]\n",
      " [ 34  61]]\n"
     ]
    },
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "0.7847533632286996"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 19,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "cm2 = confusion_matrix(val_y2, val_predictions2)\n",
    "print(cm2)\n",
    "accuracy_score(val_y2, val_predictions2)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 20,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "223"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 20,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "114 + 14 + 34 + 61"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 21,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Surprise surprise adding the age increases the score of the model from 0.6681614349775785 to 7847533632286996"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Filling missing values for age via numpy fillna"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 22,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
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       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>PassengerId</th>\n",
       "      <th>Survived</th>\n",
       "      <th>Pclass</th>\n",
       "      <th>Name</th>\n",
       "      <th>Sex</th>\n",
       "      <th>Age</th>\n",
       "      <th>SibSp</th>\n",
       "      <th>Parch</th>\n",
       "      <th>Ticket</th>\n",
       "      <th>Fare</th>\n",
       "      <th>Cabin</th>\n",
       "      <th>Embarked</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
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       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>Braund, Mr. Owen Harris</td>\n",
       "      <td>male</td>\n",
       "      <td>22.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>A/5 21171</td>\n",
       "      <td>7.2500</td>\n",
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       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>Cumings, Mrs. John Bradley (Florence Briggs Th...</td>\n",
       "      <td>female</td>\n",
       "      <td>38.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>PC 17599</td>\n",
       "      <td>71.2833</td>\n",
       "      <td>C85</td>\n",
       "      <td>C</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>Heikkinen, Miss. Laina</td>\n",
       "      <td>female</td>\n",
       "      <td>26.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>STON/O2. 3101282</td>\n",
       "      <td>7.9250</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>S</td>\n",
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       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>4</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>Futrelle, Mrs. Jacques Heath (Lily May Peel)</td>\n",
       "      <td>female</td>\n",
       "      <td>35.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>113803</td>\n",
       "      <td>53.1000</td>\n",
       "      <td>C123</td>\n",
       "      <td>S</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4</th>\n",
       "      <td>5</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>Allen, Mr. William Henry</td>\n",
       "      <td>male</td>\n",
       "      <td>35.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>373450</td>\n",
       "      <td>8.0500</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>S</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>...</th>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
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       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>2</td>\n",
       "      <td>Montvila, Rev. Juozas</td>\n",
       "      <td>male</td>\n",
       "      <td>27.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>211536</td>\n",
       "      <td>13.0000</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>S</td>\n",
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       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>887</th>\n",
       "      <td>888</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>Graham, Miss. Margaret Edith</td>\n",
       "      <td>female</td>\n",
       "      <td>19.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>112053</td>\n",
       "      <td>30.0000</td>\n",
       "      <td>B42</td>\n",
       "      <td>S</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>888</th>\n",
       "      <td>889</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>Johnston, Miss. Catherine Helen \"Carrie\"</td>\n",
       "      <td>female</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>2</td>\n",
       "      <td>W./C. 6607</td>\n",
       "      <td>23.4500</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>S</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>889</th>\n",
       "      <td>890</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>Behr, Mr. Karl Howell</td>\n",
       "      <td>male</td>\n",
       "      <td>26.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>111369</td>\n",
       "      <td>30.0000</td>\n",
       "      <td>C148</td>\n",
       "      <td>C</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>890</th>\n",
       "      <td>891</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>Dooley, Mr. Patrick</td>\n",
       "      <td>male</td>\n",
       "      <td>32.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>370376</td>\n",
       "      <td>7.7500</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>Q</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "<p>891 rows × 12 columns</p>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "     PassengerId  Survived  Pclass  \\\n",
       "0              1         0       3   \n",
       "1              2         1       1   \n",
       "2              3         1       3   \n",
       "3              4         1       1   \n",
       "4              5         0       3   \n",
       "..           ...       ...     ...   \n",
       "886          887         0       2   \n",
       "887          888         1       1   \n",
       "888          889         0       3   \n",
       "889          890         1       1   \n",
       "890          891         0       3   \n",
       "\n",
       "                                                  Name     Sex   Age  SibSp  \\\n",
       "0                              Braund, Mr. Owen Harris    male  22.0      1   \n",
       "1    Cumings, Mrs. John Bradley (Florence Briggs Th...  female  38.0      1   \n",
       "2                               Heikkinen, Miss. Laina  female  26.0      0   \n",
       "3         Futrelle, Mrs. Jacques Heath (Lily May Peel)  female  35.0      1   \n",
       "4                             Allen, Mr. William Henry    male  35.0      0   \n",
       "..                                                 ...     ...   ...    ...   \n",
       "886                              Montvila, Rev. Juozas    male  27.0      0   \n",
       "887                       Graham, Miss. Margaret Edith  female  19.0      0   \n",
       "888           Johnston, Miss. Catherine Helen \"Carrie\"  female   NaN      1   \n",
       "889                              Behr, Mr. Karl Howell    male  26.0      0   \n",
       "890                                Dooley, Mr. Patrick    male  32.0      0   \n",
       "\n",
       "     Parch            Ticket     Fare Cabin Embarked  \n",
       "0        0         A/5 21171   7.2500   NaN        S  \n",
       "1        0          PC 17599  71.2833   C85        C  \n",
       "2        0  STON/O2. 3101282   7.9250   NaN        S  \n",
       "3        0            113803  53.1000  C123        S  \n",
       "4        0            373450   8.0500   NaN        S  \n",
       "..     ...               ...      ...   ...      ...  \n",
       "886      0            211536  13.0000   NaN        S  \n",
       "887      0            112053  30.0000   B42        S  \n",
       "888      2        W./C. 6607  23.4500   NaN        S  \n",
       "889      0            111369  30.0000  C148        C  \n",
       "890      0            370376   7.7500   NaN        Q  \n",
       "\n",
       "[891 rows x 12 columns]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 22,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "titanic_data"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 23,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "#skipping PassengerId, name, ticket, cabin and embarked for now\n",
    "y3 = titanic_data['Survived']\n",
    "features = ['Pclass', 'Sex', 'Age', 'SibSp', 'Parch', 'Fare']\n",
    "X3 = titanic_data[features]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 24,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "train_X3, val_X3, train_y3, val_y3 = train_test_split(X3, y3, random_state = 1)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 25,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
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       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>Pclass</th>\n",
       "      <th>Sex</th>\n",
       "      <th>Age</th>\n",
       "      <th>SibSp</th>\n",
       "      <th>Parch</th>\n",
       "      <th>Fare</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>862</th>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>female</td>\n",
       "      <td>48.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>25.9292</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>223</th>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>male</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>7.8958</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>84</th>\n",
       "      <td>2</td>\n",
       "      <td>female</td>\n",
       "      <td>17.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>10.5000</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>680</th>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>female</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>8.1375</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>535</th>\n",
       "      <td>2</td>\n",
       "      <td>female</td>\n",
       "      <td>7.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>2</td>\n",
       "      <td>26.2500</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>...</th>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>506</th>\n",
       "      <td>2</td>\n",
       "      <td>female</td>\n",
       "      <td>33.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>2</td>\n",
       "      <td>26.0000</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>467</th>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>male</td>\n",
       "      <td>56.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>26.5500</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>740</th>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>male</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>30.0000</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>354</th>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>male</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>7.2250</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>449</th>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>male</td>\n",
       "      <td>52.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>30.5000</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "<p>223 rows × 6 columns</p>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "     Pclass     Sex   Age  SibSp  Parch     Fare\n",
       "862       1  female  48.0      0      0  25.9292\n",
       "223       3    male   NaN      0      0   7.8958\n",
       "84        2  female  17.0      0      0  10.5000\n",
       "680       3  female   NaN      0      0   8.1375\n",
       "535       2  female   7.0      0      2  26.2500\n",
       "..      ...     ...   ...    ...    ...      ...\n",
       "506       2  female  33.0      0      2  26.0000\n",
       "467       1    male  56.0      0      0  26.5500\n",
       "740       1    male   NaN      0      0  30.0000\n",
       "354       3    male   NaN      0      0   7.2250\n",
       "449       1    male  52.0      0      0  30.5000\n",
       "\n",
       "[223 rows x 6 columns]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 25,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "val_X3"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 26,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stderr",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "/home/ubuntu/snap/anaconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pandas/core/indexing.py:1745: SettingWithCopyWarning: \n",
      "A value is trying to be set on a copy of a slice from a DataFrame.\n",
      "Try using .loc[row_indexer,col_indexer] = value instead\n",
      "\n",
      "See the caveats in the documentation: https://pandas.pydata.org/pandas-docs/stable/user_guide/indexing.html#returning-a-view-versus-a-copy\n",
      "  isetter(ilocs[0], value)\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "from sklearn.preprocessing import LabelEncoder\n",
    "label_encoder = LabelEncoder()\n",
    "\n",
    "## differentce between fit_transform and transform????\n",
    "\n",
    "train_X3.iloc[:,1] = label_encoder.fit_transform(train_X3['Sex'])\n",
    "val_X3.iloc[:,1] = label_encoder.transform(val_X3['Sex'])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 27,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# replace all NA's the value that comes directly after it in the same column, \n",
    "# then replace all the remaining na's with 0\n",
    "\n",
    "train_X3.iloc[:,2] = train_X3.iloc[:,2].fillna(method = 'bfill', axis = 0).fillna(0)\n",
    "val_X3.iloc[:,2] = val_X3.iloc[:,2].fillna(method = 'bfill', axis = 0).fillna(0)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 28,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "223"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 28,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "logreg3 = LogisticRegression()\n",
    "logreg3.fit(train_X3, train_y3)\n",
    "\n",
    "val_predictions3 = logreg3.predict(val_X3)\n",
    "val_predictions3.size"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 29,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "[[114  14]\n",
      " [ 28  67]]\n"
     ]
    },
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "0.8116591928251121"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 29,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "cm3 = confusion_matrix(val_y3, val_predictions3)\n",
    "print(cm3)\n",
    "accuracy_score(val_y3, val_predictions3)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Filling missing values for age via imputation"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 30,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
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       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>PassengerId</th>\n",
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       "      <th>2</th>\n",
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       "      <td>Futrelle, Mrs. Jacques Heath (Lily May Peel)</td>\n",
       "      <td>female</td>\n",
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       "      <td>Allen, Mr. William Henry</td>\n",
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       "      <td>8.0500</td>\n",
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       "      <th>886</th>\n",
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       "      <td>Montvila, Rev. Juozas</td>\n",
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       "      <td>0</td>\n",
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       "      <td>Graham, Miss. Margaret Edith</td>\n",
       "      <td>female</td>\n",
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       "      <td>S</td>\n",
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       "      <th>888</th>\n",
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       "      <td>Johnston, Miss. Catherine Helen \"Carrie\"</td>\n",
       "      <td>female</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>2</td>\n",
       "      <td>W./C. 6607</td>\n",
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       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>S</td>\n",
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       "      <th>889</th>\n",
       "      <td>890</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>Behr, Mr. Karl Howell</td>\n",
       "      <td>male</td>\n",
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       "      <td>0</td>\n",
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       "      <td>30.0000</td>\n",
       "      <td>C148</td>\n",
       "      <td>C</td>\n",
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       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>890</th>\n",
       "      <td>891</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>Dooley, Mr. Patrick</td>\n",
       "      <td>male</td>\n",
       "      <td>32.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>370376</td>\n",
       "      <td>7.7500</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>Q</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "<p>891 rows × 12 columns</p>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "     PassengerId  Survived  Pclass  \\\n",
       "0              1         0       3   \n",
       "1              2         1       1   \n",
       "2              3         1       3   \n",
       "3              4         1       1   \n",
       "4              5         0       3   \n",
       "..           ...       ...     ...   \n",
       "886          887         0       2   \n",
       "887          888         1       1   \n",
       "888          889         0       3   \n",
       "889          890         1       1   \n",
       "890          891         0       3   \n",
       "\n",
       "                                                  Name     Sex   Age  SibSp  \\\n",
       "0                              Braund, Mr. Owen Harris    male  22.0      1   \n",
       "1    Cumings, Mrs. John Bradley (Florence Briggs Th...  female  38.0      1   \n",
       "2                               Heikkinen, Miss. Laina  female  26.0      0   \n",
       "3         Futrelle, Mrs. Jacques Heath (Lily May Peel)  female  35.0      1   \n",
       "4                             Allen, Mr. William Henry    male  35.0      0   \n",
       "..                                                 ...     ...   ...    ...   \n",
       "886                              Montvila, Rev. Juozas    male  27.0      0   \n",
       "887                       Graham, Miss. Margaret Edith  female  19.0      0   \n",
       "888           Johnston, Miss. Catherine Helen \"Carrie\"  female   NaN      1   \n",
       "889                              Behr, Mr. Karl Howell    male  26.0      0   \n",
       "890                                Dooley, Mr. Patrick    male  32.0      0   \n",
       "\n",
       "     Parch            Ticket     Fare Cabin Embarked  \n",
       "0        0         A/5 21171   7.2500   NaN        S  \n",
       "1        0          PC 17599  71.2833   C85        C  \n",
       "2        0  STON/O2. 3101282   7.9250   NaN        S  \n",
       "3        0            113803  53.1000  C123        S  \n",
       "4        0            373450   8.0500   NaN        S  \n",
       "..     ...               ...      ...   ...      ...  \n",
       "886      0            211536  13.0000   NaN        S  \n",
       "887      0            112053  30.0000   B42        S  \n",
       "888      2        W./C. 6607  23.4500   NaN        S  \n",
       "889      0            111369  30.0000  C148        C  \n",
       "890      0            370376   7.7500   NaN        Q  \n",
       "\n",
       "[891 rows x 12 columns]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 30,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "titanic_data"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 31,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "#skipping PassengerId, name, ticket, cabin and embarked for now\n",
    "y4 = titanic_data['Survived']\n",
    "features = ['Pclass', 'Sex', 'Age', 'SibSp', 'Parch', 'Fare']\n",
    "X4 = titanic_data[features]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 32,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "train_X4, val_X4, train_y4, val_y4 = train_test_split(X4, y4, random_state = 1)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 33,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
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       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>Pclass</th>\n",
       "      <th>Sex</th>\n",
       "      <th>Age</th>\n",
       "      <th>SibSp</th>\n",
       "      <th>Parch</th>\n",
       "      <th>Fare</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>35</th>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>male</td>\n",
       "      <td>42.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>52.0000</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>46</th>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>male</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>15.5000</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>453</th>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>male</td>\n",
       "      <td>49.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>89.1042</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>291</th>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>female</td>\n",
       "      <td>19.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>91.0792</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>748</th>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>male</td>\n",
       "      <td>19.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>53.1000</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>...</th>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>715</th>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>male</td>\n",
       "      <td>19.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>7.6500</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>767</th>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>female</td>\n",
       "      <td>30.5</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>7.7500</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>72</th>\n",
       "      <td>2</td>\n",
       "      <td>male</td>\n",
       "      <td>21.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>73.5000</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>235</th>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>female</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>7.5500</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>37</th>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>male</td>\n",
       "      <td>21.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>8.0500</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "<p>668 rows × 6 columns</p>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "     Pclass     Sex   Age  SibSp  Parch     Fare\n",
       "35        1    male  42.0      1      0  52.0000\n",
       "46        3    male   NaN      1      0  15.5000\n",
       "453       1    male  49.0      1      0  89.1042\n",
       "291       1  female  19.0      1      0  91.0792\n",
       "748       1    male  19.0      1      0  53.1000\n",
       "..      ...     ...   ...    ...    ...      ...\n",
       "715       3    male  19.0      0      0   7.6500\n",
       "767       3  female  30.5      0      0   7.7500\n",
       "72        2    male  21.0      0      0  73.5000\n",
       "235       3  female   NaN      0      0   7.5500\n",
       "37        3    male  21.0      0      0   8.0500\n",
       "\n",
       "[668 rows x 6 columns]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 33,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "train_X4"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 34,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stderr",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "/home/ubuntu/snap/anaconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pandas/core/indexing.py:1745: SettingWithCopyWarning: \n",
      "A value is trying to be set on a copy of a slice from a DataFrame.\n",
      "Try using .loc[row_indexer,col_indexer] = value instead\n",
      "\n",
      "See the caveats in the documentation: https://pandas.pydata.org/pandas-docs/stable/user_guide/indexing.html#returning-a-view-versus-a-copy\n",
      "  isetter(ilocs[0], value)\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "from sklearn.preprocessing import LabelEncoder\n",
    "label_encoder = LabelEncoder()\n",
    "\n",
    "## differentce between fit_transform and transform????\n",
    "\n",
    "train_X4.iloc[:,1] = label_encoder.fit_transform(train_X4['Sex'])\n",
    "val_X4.iloc[:,1] = label_encoder.transform(val_X4['Sex'])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 35,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>Pclass</th>\n",
       "      <th>Sex</th>\n",
       "      <th>Age</th>\n",
       "      <th>SibSp</th>\n",
       "      <th>Parch</th>\n",
       "      <th>Fare</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>35</th>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>42.00</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>52.0000</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>46</th>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>15.5000</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>453</th>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>49.00</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>89.1042</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>291</th>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>19.00</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>91.0792</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>748</th>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>19.00</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>53.1000</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>...</th>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>447</th>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>34.00</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>26.5500</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>122</th>\n",
       "      <td>2</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>32.50</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>30.0708</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>755</th>\n",
       "      <td>2</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.67</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>14.5000</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>501</th>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>21.00</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>7.7500</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>38</th>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>18.00</td>\n",
       "      <td>2</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>18.0000</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "<p>172 rows × 6 columns</p>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "     Pclass  Sex    Age  SibSp  Parch     Fare\n",
       "35        1    1  42.00      1      0  52.0000\n",
       "46        3    1    NaN      1      0  15.5000\n",
       "453       1    1  49.00      1      0  89.1042\n",
       "291       1    0  19.00      1      0  91.0792\n",
       "748       1    1  19.00      1      0  53.1000\n",
       "..      ...  ...    ...    ...    ...      ...\n",
       "447       1    1  34.00      0      0  26.5500\n",
       "122       2    1  32.50      1      0  30.0708\n",
       "755       2    1   0.67      1      1  14.5000\n",
       "501       3    0  21.00      0      0   7.7500\n",
       "38        3    0  18.00      2      0  18.0000\n",
       "\n",
       "[172 rows x 6 columns]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 35,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "train_X4.loc[35:38,:]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 36,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# train_X3.iloc[:,2] = train_X3.iloc[:,2].fillna(method = 'bfill', axis = 0).fillna(0)\n",
    "# val_X3.iloc[:,2] = val_X3.iloc[:,2].fillna(method = 'bfill', axis = 0).fillna(0)\n",
    "\n",
    "from sklearn.impute import SimpleImputer\n",
    "\n",
    "my_imputer = SimpleImputer()\n",
    "imputed_X_train = pd.DataFrame(my_imputer.fit_transform(train_X4))\n",
    "imputed_X_valid = pd.DataFrame(my_imputer.transform(val_X4))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 37,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "imputed_X_train.columns = train_X4.columns\n",
    "imputed_X_valid.columns = val_X4.columns"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 38,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "223"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 38,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "logreg4 = LogisticRegression()\n",
    "logreg4.fit(imputed_X_train, train_y4)\n",
    "\n",
    "val_predictions4 = logreg4.predict(imputed_X_valid)\n",
    "val_predictions4.size"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 39,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "[[111  17]\n",
      " [ 26  69]]\n"
     ]
    },
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "0.8071748878923767"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 39,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "cm4 = confusion_matrix(val_y4, val_predictions4)\n",
    "print(cm4)\n",
    "accuracy_score(val_y4, val_predictions4)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Generating submission for competition"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 40,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>PassengerId</th>\n",
       "      <th>Pclass</th>\n",
       "      <th>Name</th>\n",
       "      <th>Sex</th>\n",
       "      <th>Age</th>\n",
       "      <th>SibSp</th>\n",
       "      <th>Parch</th>\n",
       "      <th>Ticket</th>\n",
       "      <th>Fare</th>\n",
       "      <th>Cabin</th>\n",
       "      <th>Embarked</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>892</td>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>Kelly, Mr. James</td>\n",
       "      <td>male</td>\n",
       "      <td>34.5</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>330911</td>\n",
       "      <td>7.8292</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>Q</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>893</td>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>Wilkes, Mrs. James (Ellen Needs)</td>\n",
       "      <td>female</td>\n",
       "      <td>47.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>363272</td>\n",
       "      <td>7.0000</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>S</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>894</td>\n",
       "      <td>2</td>\n",
       "      <td>Myles, Mr. Thomas Francis</td>\n",
       "      <td>male</td>\n",
       "      <td>62.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>240276</td>\n",
       "      <td>9.6875</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>Q</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>895</td>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>Wirz, Mr. Albert</td>\n",
       "      <td>male</td>\n",
       "      <td>27.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>315154</td>\n",
       "      <td>8.6625</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>S</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4</th>\n",
       "      <td>896</td>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>Hirvonen, Mrs. Alexander (Helga E Lindqvist)</td>\n",
       "      <td>female</td>\n",
       "      <td>22.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>3101298</td>\n",
       "      <td>12.2875</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>S</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "   PassengerId  Pclass                                          Name     Sex  \\\n",
       "0          892       3                              Kelly, Mr. James    male   \n",
       "1          893       3              Wilkes, Mrs. James (Ellen Needs)  female   \n",
       "2          894       2                     Myles, Mr. Thomas Francis    male   \n",
       "3          895       3                              Wirz, Mr. Albert    male   \n",
       "4          896       3  Hirvonen, Mrs. Alexander (Helga E Lindqvist)  female   \n",
       "\n",
       "    Age  SibSp  Parch   Ticket     Fare Cabin Embarked  \n",
       "0  34.5      0      0   330911   7.8292   NaN        Q  \n",
       "1  47.0      1      0   363272   7.0000   NaN        S  \n",
       "2  62.0      0      0   240276   9.6875   NaN        Q  \n",
       "3  27.0      0      0   315154   8.6625   NaN        S  \n",
       "4  22.0      1      1  3101298  12.2875   NaN        S  "
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 40,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "titanic_train = '/home/ubuntu/pCloudDrive/18.Kaggle microcourses/00.Kaggle micro-courses/07.Intro to Machine Learning/02.Kaggle-Competition-Titanic/titanic/test.csv'\n",
    "titanic_data_test = pd.read_csv(titanic_train)\n",
    "titanic_data_test.head()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 41,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "(418, 11)"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 41,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "titanic_data_test.shape"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 42,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "#skipping PassengerId, name, ticket, cabin and embarked for now\n",
    "\n",
    "features = ['Pclass', 'Sex', 'Age', 'SibSp', 'Parch', 'Fare']\n",
    "X5 = titanic_data_test[features]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 43,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
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       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>Pclass</th>\n",
       "      <th>Sex</th>\n",
       "      <th>Age</th>\n",
       "      <th>SibSp</th>\n",
       "      <th>Parch</th>\n",
       "      <th>Fare</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>male</td>\n",
       "      <td>34.5</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>7.8292</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>female</td>\n",
       "      <td>47.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>7.0000</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>2</td>\n",
       "      <td>male</td>\n",
       "      <td>62.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>9.6875</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>male</td>\n",
       "      <td>27.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>8.6625</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4</th>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>female</td>\n",
       "      <td>22.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>12.2875</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>...</th>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>413</th>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>male</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>8.0500</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>414</th>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>female</td>\n",
       "      <td>39.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>108.9000</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>415</th>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>male</td>\n",
       "      <td>38.5</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>7.2500</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>416</th>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>male</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>8.0500</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>417</th>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>male</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>22.3583</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "<p>418 rows × 6 columns</p>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "     Pclass     Sex   Age  SibSp  Parch      Fare\n",
       "0         3    male  34.5      0      0    7.8292\n",
       "1         3  female  47.0      1      0    7.0000\n",
       "2         2    male  62.0      0      0    9.6875\n",
       "3         3    male  27.0      0      0    8.6625\n",
       "4         3  female  22.0      1      1   12.2875\n",
       "..      ...     ...   ...    ...    ...       ...\n",
       "413       3    male   NaN      0      0    8.0500\n",
       "414       1  female  39.0      0      0  108.9000\n",
       "415       3    male  38.5      0      0    7.2500\n",
       "416       3    male   NaN      0      0    8.0500\n",
       "417       3    male   NaN      1      1   22.3583\n",
       "\n",
       "[418 rows x 6 columns]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 43,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "X5"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 44,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "0        male\n",
       "1      female\n",
       "2        male\n",
       "3        male\n",
       "4      female\n",
       "        ...  \n",
       "413      male\n",
       "414    female\n",
       "415      male\n",
       "416      male\n",
       "417      male\n",
       "Name: Sex, Length: 418, dtype: object"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 44,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "X5.iloc[:,1]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 45,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "X51 = X52 = X5"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 46,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
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       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>Pclass</th>\n",
       "      <th>Sex</th>\n",
       "      <th>Age</th>\n",
       "      <th>SibSp</th>\n",
       "      <th>Parch</th>\n",
       "      <th>Fare</th>\n",
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       "  </thead>\n",
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       "      <th>0</th>\n",
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       "      <td>2</td>\n",
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       "      <td>8.6625</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4</th>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>female</td>\n",
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       "    <tr>\n",
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       "      <td>...</td>\n",
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       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>413</th>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>male</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>8.0500</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>414</th>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>female</td>\n",
       "      <td>39.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>108.9000</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>415</th>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>male</td>\n",
       "      <td>38.5</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>7.2500</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>416</th>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>male</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>8.0500</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>417</th>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>male</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>22.3583</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "<p>418 rows × 6 columns</p>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "     Pclass     Sex   Age  SibSp  Parch      Fare\n",
       "0         3    male  34.5      0      0    7.8292\n",
       "1         3  female  47.0      1      0    7.0000\n",
       "2         2    male  62.0      0      0    9.6875\n",
       "3         3    male  27.0      0      0    8.6625\n",
       "4         3  female  22.0      1      1   12.2875\n",
       "..      ...     ...   ...    ...    ...       ...\n",
       "413       3    male   NaN      0      0    8.0500\n",
       "414       1  female  39.0      0      0  108.9000\n",
       "415       3    male  38.5      0      0    7.2500\n",
       "416       3    male   NaN      0      0    8.0500\n",
       "417       3    male   NaN      1      1   22.3583\n",
       "\n",
       "[418 rows x 6 columns]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 46,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "X5"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 47,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stderr",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "/home/ubuntu/snap/anaconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pandas/core/indexing.py:1745: SettingWithCopyWarning: \n",
      "A value is trying to be set on a copy of a slice from a DataFrame.\n",
      "Try using .loc[row_indexer,col_indexer] = value instead\n",
      "\n",
      "See the caveats in the documentation: https://pandas.pydata.org/pandas-docs/stable/user_guide/indexing.html#returning-a-view-versus-a-copy\n",
      "  isetter(ilocs[0], value)\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "from sklearn.preprocessing import LabelEncoder\n",
    "label_encoder = LabelEncoder()\n",
    "\n",
    "## differentce between fit_transform and transform????\n",
    "\n",
    "#train_X3.iloc[:,1] = label_encoder.fit_transform(train_X3['Sex'])\n",
    "#val_X3.iloc[:,1] = label_encoder.transform(val_X3['Sex'])\n",
    "\n",
    "X51.iloc[:,1] = label_encoder.fit_transform(X5.iloc[:,1])\n",
    "X52.iloc[:,1] = label_encoder.fit_transform(X5.iloc[:,1])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 48,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
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       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>Pclass</th>\n",
       "      <th>Sex</th>\n",
       "      <th>Age</th>\n",
       "      <th>SibSp</th>\n",
       "      <th>Parch</th>\n",
       "      <th>Fare</th>\n",
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       "      <th>0</th>\n",
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       "      <td>7.8292</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
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       "      <th>1</th>\n",
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       "      <td>47.0</td>\n",
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       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>2</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>62.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>9.6875</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>27.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>8.6625</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4</th>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>22.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>12.2875</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>...</th>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>413</th>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>8.0500</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>414</th>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>39.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>108.9000</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>415</th>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>38.5</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>7.2500</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>416</th>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>8.0500</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>417</th>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>22.3583</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "<p>418 rows × 6 columns</p>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "     Pclass  Sex   Age  SibSp  Parch      Fare\n",
       "0         3    1  34.5      0      0    7.8292\n",
       "1         3    0  47.0      1      0    7.0000\n",
       "2         2    1  62.0      0      0    9.6875\n",
       "3         3    1  27.0      0      0    8.6625\n",
       "4         3    0  22.0      1      1   12.2875\n",
       "..      ...  ...   ...    ...    ...       ...\n",
       "413       3    1   NaN      0      0    8.0500\n",
       "414       1    0  39.0      0      0  108.9000\n",
       "415       3    1  38.5      0      0    7.2500\n",
       "416       3    1   NaN      0      0    8.0500\n",
       "417       3    1   NaN      1      1   22.3583\n",
       "\n",
       "[418 rows x 6 columns]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 48,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "X51"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 49,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "0      34.5\n",
       "1      47.0\n",
       "2      62.0\n",
       "3      27.0\n",
       "4      22.0\n",
       "       ... \n",
       "413     NaN\n",
       "414    39.0\n",
       "415    38.5\n",
       "416     NaN\n",
       "417     NaN\n",
       "Name: Age, Length: 418, dtype: float64"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 49,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "X51.iloc[:,2] "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 50,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stderr",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "/home/ubuntu/snap/anaconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pandas/core/indexing.py:1745: SettingWithCopyWarning: \n",
      "A value is trying to be set on a copy of a slice from a DataFrame.\n",
      "Try using .loc[row_indexer,col_indexer] = value instead\n",
      "\n",
      "See the caveats in the documentation: https://pandas.pydata.org/pandas-docs/stable/user_guide/indexing.html#returning-a-view-versus-a-copy\n",
      "  isetter(ilocs[0], value)\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# replace all NA's the value that comes directly after it in the same column, \n",
    "# then replace all the remaining na's with 0\n",
    "\n",
    "X51.iloc[:,2] = X51.iloc[:,2].fillna(method = 'bfill', axis = 0).fillna(0)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 51,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "Pclass    0\n",
       "Sex       0\n",
       "Age       0\n",
       "SibSp     0\n",
       "Parch     0\n",
       "Fare      1\n",
       "dtype: int64"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 51,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "X51.isnull().sum()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 52,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "X51.iloc[:,5] = X51.iloc[:,5].fillna(method = 'bfill', axis = 0).fillna(0)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 53,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "0"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 53,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "X51.iloc[:,5].isnull().sum()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 54,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "418"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 54,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "val_predictions5 = logreg3.predict(X51)\n",
    "val_predictions5.size"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 55,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "0       892\n",
       "1       893\n",
       "2       894\n",
       "3       895\n",
       "4       896\n",
       "       ... \n",
       "413    1305\n",
       "414    1306\n",
       "415    1307\n",
       "416    1308\n",
       "417    1309\n",
       "Name: PassengerId, Length: 418, dtype: int64"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 55,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "titanic_data_test.PassengerId"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 56,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "output = pd.DataFrame({'PassengerId': titanic_data_test.PassengerId, 'Survived': val_predictions5})\n",
    "output.to_csv('titanic_submission_1.csv', index=False)"
   ]
  }
 ],
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