From 75ff7dc17340091aeaa0858a5fc0b41fcc76a4ba Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: gandalfas Date: Wed, 10 Jan 2024 08:53:32 -0600 Subject: [PATCH] L1 --- .../Esperanto Course.html | 8 +- .../Headings - H1, H2, H4.txt | 0 .../Homework Assignments.html | 2 + .../Index of Topics Studied.html | 0 .../Lesson 1.html | 7 +- .../Lesson 10.html | 0 .../Lesson 11.html | 0 .../Lesson 12.html | 0 .../Lesson 13.html | 0 .../Lesson 14.html | 0 .../Lesson 15.html | 0 .../Lesson 16.html | 0 .../Lesson 17.html | 0 .../Lesson 18.html | 0 .../Lesson 19.html | 0 .../Lesson 2.html | 0 .../Lesson 23.html | 0 .../Lesson 25.html | 0 .../Lesson 27.html | 0 .../Lesson 3.html | 0 .../Lesson 31.html | 0 .../Lesson 4.html | 0 .../Lesson 5.html | 0 .../Lesson 6.html | 0 .../Lesson 7.html | 0 .../Lesson 8.html | 0 .../Lesson 9.html | 0 .../Syllabus.html | 20 +- .../Topics Studied, in lesson order.html | 0 .../000 - not given yet.txt | 0 .../compound tenses - active.grammar-No | 0 .../compound tenses - passive.grammar-No | 0 .../cvted but not sent}/correlatives - 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has marks - save for counting.txt | 53 ++ Ido Course/vocab/Lesson 3 vocab.txt | 6 - ... vocab - has marks - save for counting.txt | 92 +++ Ido Course/vocab/Lesson 4 vocab.txt | 3 - ... vocab - has marks - save for counting.txt | 46 ++ ... vocab - has marks - save for counting.txt | 21 + ... vocab - has marks - save for counting.txt | 18 + ... vocab - has marks - save for counting.txt | 34 ++ ... vocab - has marks - save for counting.txt | 93 +++ Ido Course/vocab/rawmaterial.txt | 4 + index.html | 2 +- 127 files changed, 1347 insertions(+), 674 deletions(-) rename Esperanto Course.html => Esperanto Course/Esperanto Course.html (86%) rename Headings - H1, H2, H4.txt => Esperanto Course/Headings - H1, H2, H4.txt (100%) rename Homework Assignments.html => Esperanto Course/Homework Assignments.html (98%) rename Index of Topics Studied.html => Esperanto Course/Index of Topics Studied.html (100%) rename Lesson 1.html => Esperanto Course/Lesson 1.html (90%) rename Lesson 10.html => Esperanto Course/Lesson 10.html (100%) rename Lesson 11.html => Esperanto Course/Lesson 11.html (100%) rename Lesson 12.html => Esperanto Course/Lesson 12.html (100%) rename Lesson 13.html => Esperanto Course/Lesson 13.html (100%) rename Lesson 14.html => Esperanto Course/Lesson 14.html (100%) rename Lesson 15.html => Esperanto Course/Lesson 15.html (100%) rename Lesson 16.html => Esperanto Course/Lesson 16.html (100%) rename Lesson 17.html => Esperanto Course/Lesson 17.html (100%) rename Lesson 18.html => Esperanto Course/Lesson 18.html (100%) rename Lesson 19.html => Esperanto Course/Lesson 19.html (100%) rename Lesson 2.html => Esperanto Course/Lesson 2.html (100%) rename Lesson 23.html => Esperanto Course/Lesson 23.html (100%) rename Lesson 25.html => Esperanto Course/Lesson 25.html (100%) rename Lesson 27.html => Esperanto Course/Lesson 27.html (100%) rename Lesson 3.html => Esperanto Course/Lesson 3.html (100%) rename Lesson 31.html => Esperanto Course/Lesson 31.html (100%) rename Lesson 4.html => Esperanto Course/Lesson 4.html (100%) rename Lesson 5.html => Esperanto Course/Lesson 5.html (100%) rename Lesson 6.html => Esperanto Course/Lesson 6.html (100%) rename Lesson 7.html => Esperanto Course/Lesson 7.html (100%) rename Lesson 8.html => Esperanto Course/Lesson 8.html (100%) rename Lesson 9.html => Esperanto Course/Lesson 9.html (100%) rename Syllabus.html => Esperanto Course/Syllabus.html (97%) rename Topics Studied, in lesson order.html => Esperanto Course/Topics Studied, in lesson order.html (100%) rename {cvted but not sent => Esperanto Course/cvted but not sent}/000 - 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has marks - save for counting.txt create mode 100644 Ido Course/vocab/Lesson 4 vocab - has marks - save for counting.txt create mode 100644 Ido Course/vocab/Lesson 5 vocab - has marks - save for counting.txt create mode 100644 Ido Course/vocab/Lesson 6 vocab - has marks - save for counting.txt create mode 100644 Ido Course/vocab/Lesson 7 vocab - has marks - save for counting.txt create mode 100644 Ido Course/vocab/cellar/Lesson 1 vocab - has marks - save for counting.txt create mode 100644 Ido Course/vocab/cellar/Lesson 2 vocab - has marks - save for counting.txt diff --git a/Esperanto Course.html b/Esperanto Course/Esperanto Course.html similarity index 86% rename from Esperanto Course.html rename to Esperanto Course/Esperanto Course.html index ed32db9..5a8b5a2 100644 --- a/Esperanto Course.html +++ b/Esperanto Course/Esperanto Course.html @@ -10,9 +10,11 @@

Esperanto Course

Topics Studied, in lesson order
Index of Topics Studied

-

-

Gandalfas' Home Page
-Ido Course
+

Esperanto +- Home Page

+

Gandalfas' Home Page

+Ido +Course
Git and GitHub Pages (for Kim only)

diff --git a/Headings - H1, H2, H4.txt b/Esperanto Course/Headings - H1, H2, H4.txt similarity index 100% rename from Headings - H1, H2, H4.txt rename to Esperanto Course/Headings - H1, H2, H4.txt diff --git a/Homework Assignments.html b/Esperanto Course/Homework Assignments.html similarity index 98% rename from Homework Assignments.html rename to Esperanto Course/Homework Assignments.html index f4f9faf..1ef8a1e 100644 --- a/Homework Assignments.html +++ b/Esperanto Course/Homework Assignments.html @@ -67,6 +67,8 @@

due 9/06 - first lesson using

due 9/13

diff --git a/Index of Topics Studied.html b/Esperanto Course/Index of Topics Studied.html similarity index 100% rename from Index of Topics Studied.html rename to Esperanto Course/Index of Topics Studied.html diff --git a/Lesson 1.html b/Esperanto Course/Lesson 1.html similarity index 90% rename from Lesson 1.html rename to Esperanto Course/Lesson 1.html index ce2106c..821c619 100644 --- a/Lesson 1.html +++ b/Esperanto Course/Lesson 1.html @@ -15,7 +15,7 @@

Some numbers

  • ~2 M speakers
  • ~1,000 native speakers
    • -
  • Vikipedio - > 300,000 articles -> 36th largest
    • +
  • Vikipedio - 348,000 articles - 36th largest
  • > 7,000 books
  • show the books that I have.
  • > 100 periodicals
    • @@ -40,9 +40,8 @@

    About the Language

    • created by L.L.Zamenhof, published in 1887, to be an IAL - International Auxiliary Language
      • -
    • easy to learn - no exceptions to the rules.  estimated to be one -quarter VERIFY of the time -as a natural language
      • +
    • easier to learn - no exceptions to the rules.  estimated to be +one quarter of the time as a natural language
    • Eo is not trying to be the only language, it's trying to be an international language alongside the native language.  so that people only need to learn one additional language to talk any foreigner
      • diff --git a/Lesson 10.html b/Esperanto Course/Lesson 10.html similarity index 100% rename from Lesson 10.html rename to Esperanto Course/Lesson 10.html diff --git a/Lesson 11.html b/Esperanto Course/Lesson 11.html similarity index 100% rename from Lesson 11.html rename to Esperanto Course/Lesson 11.html diff --git a/Lesson 12.html b/Esperanto Course/Lesson 12.html similarity index 100% rename from Lesson 12.html rename to Esperanto Course/Lesson 12.html diff --git a/Lesson 13.html b/Esperanto Course/Lesson 13.html similarity index 100% rename from Lesson 13.html rename to Esperanto Course/Lesson 13.html diff --git a/Lesson 14.html b/Esperanto Course/Lesson 14.html similarity index 100% rename from Lesson 14.html rename to Esperanto Course/Lesson 14.html diff --git a/Lesson 15.html b/Esperanto Course/Lesson 15.html similarity index 100% rename from Lesson 15.html rename to Esperanto Course/Lesson 15.html diff --git a/Lesson 16.html b/Esperanto Course/Lesson 16.html similarity index 100% rename from Lesson 16.html rename to Esperanto Course/Lesson 16.html diff --git a/Lesson 17.html b/Esperanto Course/Lesson 17.html similarity index 100% rename from Lesson 17.html rename to Esperanto Course/Lesson 17.html diff --git a/Lesson 18.html b/Esperanto Course/Lesson 18.html similarity index 100% rename from Lesson 18.html rename to Esperanto Course/Lesson 18.html diff --git a/Lesson 19.html b/Esperanto Course/Lesson 19.html similarity index 100% rename from Lesson 19.html rename to Esperanto Course/Lesson 19.html diff --git a/Lesson 2.html b/Esperanto Course/Lesson 2.html similarity index 100% rename from Lesson 2.html rename to Esperanto Course/Lesson 2.html diff --git a/Lesson 23.html b/Esperanto Course/Lesson 23.html similarity index 100% rename from Lesson 23.html rename to Esperanto Course/Lesson 23.html diff --git a/Lesson 25.html b/Esperanto Course/Lesson 25.html similarity index 100% rename from Lesson 25.html rename to Esperanto Course/Lesson 25.html diff --git a/Lesson 27.html b/Esperanto Course/Lesson 27.html similarity index 100% rename from Lesson 27.html rename to Esperanto Course/Lesson 27.html diff --git a/Lesson 3.html b/Esperanto Course/Lesson 3.html similarity index 100% rename from Lesson 3.html rename to Esperanto Course/Lesson 3.html diff --git a/Lesson 31.html b/Esperanto Course/Lesson 31.html similarity index 100% rename from Lesson 31.html rename to Esperanto Course/Lesson 31.html diff --git a/Lesson 4.html b/Esperanto Course/Lesson 4.html similarity index 100% rename from Lesson 4.html rename to Esperanto Course/Lesson 4.html diff --git a/Lesson 5.html b/Esperanto Course/Lesson 5.html similarity index 100% rename from Lesson 5.html rename to Esperanto Course/Lesson 5.html diff --git a/Lesson 6.html b/Esperanto Course/Lesson 6.html similarity index 100% rename from Lesson 6.html rename to Esperanto Course/Lesson 6.html diff --git a/Lesson 7.html b/Esperanto Course/Lesson 7.html similarity index 100% rename from Lesson 7.html rename to Esperanto Course/Lesson 7.html diff --git a/Lesson 8.html b/Esperanto Course/Lesson 8.html similarity index 100% rename from Lesson 8.html rename to Esperanto Course/Lesson 8.html diff --git a/Lesson 9.html b/Esperanto Course/Lesson 9.html similarity index 100% rename from Lesson 9.html rename to Esperanto Course/Lesson 9.html diff --git a/Syllabus.html b/Esperanto Course/Syllabus.html similarity index 97% rename from Syllabus.html rename to Esperanto Course/Syllabus.html index 64d4a2d..03845f7 100644 --- a/Syllabus.html +++ b/Esperanto Course/Syllabus.html @@ -218,6 +218,15 @@

      9/06 Lesson 29 - first lesson
    • Topics:
      • Book p. 1-5
        • +
      • quiz +
          +
        • who created?  when?  1887.  simple lang for all  people +as a 2nd lang
          • +
        • 3 areas?  vocab, spelling & pronunciation, grammar (word order)
          • +
        +
        • +
      • p 2 - learn and forget
        • +
      • p 4 - think in Eo s/o any English in the middle
      • Review: Lesson 11.Words of the Day
      • @@ -400,14 +409,9 @@

      12/20/23 Lesson 39

-

01/xx/24 Lesson 40

- -

  (no class 12/27 - -kids home at xmas)

- -
    -
    • -
+ +

(next lesson is Ido Lesson +0)

Homework Assignments

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sent/correlatives - am.txt similarity index 100% rename from cvted but not sent/correlatives - am.txt rename to Esperanto Course/cvted but not sent/correlatives - am.txt diff --git a/cvted but not sent/correlatives - el.txt b/Esperanto Course/cvted but not sent/correlatives - el.txt similarity index 100% rename from cvted but not sent/correlatives - el.txt rename to Esperanto Course/cvted but not sent/correlatives - el.txt diff --git a/cvted but not sent/correlatives - es.txt b/Esperanto Course/cvted but not sent/correlatives - es.txt similarity index 100% rename from cvted but not sent/correlatives - es.txt rename to Esperanto Course/cvted but not sent/correlatives - es.txt diff --git a/cvted but not sent/correlatives - om.txt b/Esperanto Course/cvted but not sent/correlatives - om.txt similarity index 100% rename from cvted but not sent/correlatives - om.txt rename to Esperanto Course/cvted but not sent/correlatives - om.txt diff --git a/cvted but not sent/esperanto grammatical suffixes - NotYet.txt b/Esperanto Course/cvted but not sent/esperanto grammatical suffixes - NotYet.txt similarity index 100% rename from cvted but not sent/esperanto grammatical suffixes - NotYet.txt rename to Esperanto Course/cvted but not sent/esperanto grammatical suffixes - NotYet.txt diff --git a/cvted but not sent/numbers-collectives.txt b/Esperanto Course/cvted but not sent/numbers-collectives.txt similarity index 100% rename from cvted but not sent/numbers-collectives.txt rename to Esperanto Course/cvted but not sent/numbers-collectives.txt diff --git a/cvted but not sent/numbers-fractions.txt b/Esperanto Course/cvted but not sent/numbers-fractions.txt similarity index 100% rename from cvted but not sent/numbers-fractions.txt rename to Esperanto Course/cvted but not sent/numbers-fractions.txt diff --git a/cvted but not sent/numbers-multiples.txt b/Esperanto Course/cvted but not sent/numbers-multiples.txt similarity index 100% rename from cvted but not sent/numbers-multiples.txt rename to Esperanto Course/cvted but not sent/numbers-multiples.txt diff --git a/cvted but not sent/participles - active.grammar-No b/Esperanto Course/cvted but not sent/participles - active.grammar-No similarity index 100% rename from cvted but not sent/participles - active.grammar-No rename to Esperanto Course/cvted but not sent/participles - active.grammar-No diff --git a/cvted but not sent/participles - passive.grammar-No b/Esperanto Course/cvted but not sent/participles - passive.grammar-No similarity index 100% rename from cvted but not sent/participles - passive.grammar-No rename to Esperanto Course/cvted but not sent/participles - passive.grammar-No diff --git a/cvted but not sent/parts of speech.txt b/Esperanto Course/cvted but not sent/parts of speech.txt similarity index 100% rename from cvted but not sent/parts of speech.txt rename to Esperanto Course/cvted but not sent/parts of speech.txt diff --git a/genEsperVocab--seeInVocabSubdir.bat b/Esperanto Course/genEsperVocab--seeInVocabSubdir.bat similarity index 100% rename from genEsperVocab--seeInVocabSubdir.bat rename to Esperanto Course/genEsperVocab--seeInVocabSubdir.bat diff --git a/makevoc.bat b/Esperanto Course/makevoc.bat similarity index 100% rename from makevoc.bat rename to Esperanto Course/makevoc.bat diff --git a/makevoclsn.bat.retired b/Esperanto Course/makevoclsn.bat.retired similarity index 100% rename from makevoclsn.bat.retired rename to Esperanto Course/makevoclsn.bat.retired diff --git a/raw material - Esperanto.html b/Esperanto Course/raw material - Esperanto.html similarity index 100% rename from raw material - Esperanto.html rename to Esperanto Course/raw material - Esperanto.html diff --git a/voc-all.txt b/Esperanto Course/voc-all.txt similarity index 100% rename from voc-all.txt rename to Esperanto Course/voc-all.txt diff --git a/vocab/000-temp.txt b/Esperanto Course/vocab/000-temp.txt similarity index 100% rename from vocab/000-temp.txt rename to Esperanto Course/vocab/000-temp.txt diff --git a/vocab/Lesson 1 vocab.txt b/Esperanto Course/vocab/Lesson 1 vocab.txt similarity index 97% rename from vocab/Lesson 1 vocab.txt rename to Esperanto Course/vocab/Lesson 1 vocab.txt index 6c0be39..61d860a 100644 --- a/vocab/Lesson 1 vocab.txt +++ b/Esperanto Course/vocab/Lesson 1 vocab.txt @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # numbers -nulo - zero +nul - zero unu - one [unity, union, unify] du - two [duet] tri - three [tricycle, triad] diff --git a/vocab/Lesson 10 vocab.txt b/Esperanto Course/vocab/Lesson 10 vocab.txt similarity index 100% rename from vocab/Lesson 10 vocab.txt rename to Esperanto Course/vocab/Lesson 10 vocab.txt diff --git a/vocab/Lesson 11 vocab.txt b/Esperanto Course/vocab/Lesson 11 vocab.txt similarity index 100% rename from vocab/Lesson 11 vocab.txt rename to Esperanto Course/vocab/Lesson 11 vocab.txt diff --git a/vocab/Lesson 12 vocab.txt b/Esperanto Course/vocab/Lesson 12 vocab.txt similarity index 100% rename from vocab/Lesson 12 vocab.txt rename to Esperanto Course/vocab/Lesson 12 vocab.txt diff --git a/vocab/Lesson 13 vocab.txt b/Esperanto Course/vocab/Lesson 13 vocab.txt similarity index 100% rename from vocab/Lesson 13 vocab.txt rename to Esperanto Course/vocab/Lesson 13 vocab.txt diff --git a/vocab/Lesson 14 vocab.txt b/Esperanto Course/vocab/Lesson 14 vocab.txt similarity index 100% rename from vocab/Lesson 14 vocab.txt rename to Esperanto Course/vocab/Lesson 14 vocab.txt diff --git a/vocab/Lesson 15 vocab.txt b/Esperanto Course/vocab/Lesson 15 vocab.txt similarity index 100% rename from vocab/Lesson 15 vocab.txt rename to Esperanto Course/vocab/Lesson 15 vocab.txt diff --git a/vocab/Lesson 16 vocab.txt b/Esperanto Course/vocab/Lesson 16 vocab.txt similarity index 100% rename from vocab/Lesson 16 vocab.txt rename to Esperanto Course/vocab/Lesson 16 vocab.txt diff --git a/vocab/Lesson 17 vocab.txt b/Esperanto Course/vocab/Lesson 17 vocab.txt similarity index 100% rename from vocab/Lesson 17 vocab.txt rename to Esperanto Course/vocab/Lesson 17 vocab.txt diff --git a/vocab/Lesson 18 vocab.txt b/Esperanto Course/vocab/Lesson 18 vocab.txt similarity index 100% rename from vocab/Lesson 18 vocab.txt rename to Esperanto Course/vocab/Lesson 18 vocab.txt diff --git a/vocab/Lesson 19 vocab.txt b/Esperanto Course/vocab/Lesson 19 vocab.txt similarity index 100% rename from vocab/Lesson 19 vocab.txt rename to Esperanto Course/vocab/Lesson 19 vocab.txt diff --git a/vocab/Lesson 2 vocab.txt b/Esperanto Course/vocab/Lesson 2 vocab.txt similarity index 100% rename from vocab/Lesson 2 vocab.txt rename to Esperanto Course/vocab/Lesson 2 vocab.txt diff --git a/vocab/Lesson 20 vocab.txt b/Esperanto Course/vocab/Lesson 20 vocab.txt similarity index 100% rename from vocab/Lesson 20 vocab.txt rename to Esperanto Course/vocab/Lesson 20 vocab.txt diff --git a/vocab/Lesson 24 vocab.txt b/Esperanto Course/vocab/Lesson 24 vocab.txt similarity index 100% rename from vocab/Lesson 24 vocab.txt rename to Esperanto Course/vocab/Lesson 24 vocab.txt diff --git a/vocab/Lesson 25 vocab.txt b/Esperanto Course/vocab/Lesson 25 vocab.txt similarity index 100% rename from vocab/Lesson 25 vocab.txt rename to Esperanto Course/vocab/Lesson 25 vocab.txt diff --git a/vocab/Lesson 26 vocab.txt b/Esperanto Course/vocab/Lesson 26 vocab.txt similarity index 100% rename from vocab/Lesson 26 vocab.txt rename to Esperanto Course/vocab/Lesson 26 vocab.txt diff --git a/vocab/Lesson 28 vocab.txt b/Esperanto Course/vocab/Lesson 28 vocab.txt similarity index 100% rename from vocab/Lesson 28 vocab.txt rename to Esperanto Course/vocab/Lesson 28 vocab.txt diff --git a/vocab/Lesson 29 vocab.txt b/Esperanto Course/vocab/Lesson 29 vocab.txt similarity index 100% rename from vocab/Lesson 29 vocab.txt rename to Esperanto Course/vocab/Lesson 29 vocab.txt diff --git a/vocab/Lesson 3 vocab.txt b/Esperanto Course/vocab/Lesson 3 vocab.txt similarity index 100% rename from vocab/Lesson 3 vocab.txt rename to Esperanto Course/vocab/Lesson 3 vocab.txt diff --git a/vocab/Lesson 30 vocab.txt b/Esperanto Course/vocab/Lesson 30 vocab.txt similarity index 100% rename from vocab/Lesson 30 vocab.txt rename to Esperanto Course/vocab/Lesson 30 vocab.txt diff --git a/vocab/Lesson 4 vocab.txt b/Esperanto Course/vocab/Lesson 4 vocab.txt similarity index 100% rename from vocab/Lesson 4 vocab.txt rename to Esperanto Course/vocab/Lesson 4 vocab.txt diff --git a/vocab/Lesson 5 vocab.txt b/Esperanto Course/vocab/Lesson 5 vocab.txt similarity index 100% rename from vocab/Lesson 5 vocab.txt rename to Esperanto Course/vocab/Lesson 5 vocab.txt diff --git a/vocab/Lesson 6 vocab.txt b/Esperanto Course/vocab/Lesson 6 vocab.txt similarity index 100% rename from vocab/Lesson 6 vocab.txt rename to Esperanto Course/vocab/Lesson 6 vocab.txt diff --git a/vocab/Lesson 7 vocab.txt b/Esperanto Course/vocab/Lesson 7 vocab.txt similarity index 100% rename from vocab/Lesson 7 vocab.txt rename to Esperanto Course/vocab/Lesson 7 vocab.txt diff --git a/vocab/Lesson 8 vocab.txt b/Esperanto Course/vocab/Lesson 8 vocab.txt similarity index 100% rename from vocab/Lesson 8 vocab.txt rename to Esperanto Course/vocab/Lesson 8 vocab.txt diff --git a/vocab/Lesson 9 vocab.txt b/Esperanto Course/vocab/Lesson 9 vocab.txt similarity index 100% rename from vocab/Lesson 9 vocab.txt rename to Esperanto Course/vocab/Lesson 9 vocab.txt diff --git a/vocab/Lesson xx vocab.txt b/Esperanto Course/vocab/Lesson XX vocab.txt similarity index 100% rename from vocab/Lesson xx vocab.txt rename to Esperanto Course/vocab/Lesson XX vocab.txt diff --git a/vocab/adjectives-colors.txt b/Esperanto Course/vocab/adjectives-colors.txt similarity index 100% rename from vocab/adjectives-colors.txt rename to Esperanto Course/vocab/adjectives-colors.txt diff --git a/vocab/adjectives-numbers.txt b/Esperanto Course/vocab/adjectives-numbers.txt similarity index 100% rename from vocab/adjectives-numbers.txt rename to Esperanto Course/vocab/adjectives-numbers.txt diff --git a/vocab/adjectives.txt b/Esperanto Course/vocab/adjectives.txt similarity index 100% rename from vocab/adjectives.txt rename to Esperanto Course/vocab/adjectives.txt diff --git a/vocab/adverbs.txt b/Esperanto Course/vocab/adverbs.txt similarity index 100% rename from vocab/adverbs.txt rename to Esperanto Course/vocab/adverbs.txt diff --git a/vocab/articles.txt b/Esperanto Course/vocab/articles.txt similarity index 100% rename from vocab/articles.txt rename to Esperanto Course/vocab/articles.txt diff --git a/vocab/conjunctions.txt b/Esperanto Course/vocab/conjunctions.txt similarity index 100% rename from vocab/conjunctions.txt rename to Esperanto Course/vocab/conjunctions.txt diff --git a/vocab/correlatives.txt b/Esperanto Course/vocab/correlatives.txt similarity index 100% rename from vocab/correlatives.txt rename to Esperanto Course/vocab/correlatives.txt diff --git a/vocab/genEsperVocab.bat b/Esperanto Course/vocab/genEsperVocab.bat similarity index 100% rename from vocab/genEsperVocab.bat rename to Esperanto Course/vocab/genEsperVocab.bat diff --git a/vocab/grammatical-endings.txt b/Esperanto Course/vocab/grammatical-endings.txt similarity index 100% rename from vocab/grammatical-endings.txt rename to Esperanto Course/vocab/grammatical-endings.txt diff --git a/vocab/interjections.txt b/Esperanto Course/vocab/interjections.txt similarity index 100% rename from vocab/interjections.txt rename to Esperanto Course/vocab/interjections.txt diff --git a/vocab/nouns-animals.txt b/Esperanto Course/vocab/nouns-animals.txt similarity index 100% rename from vocab/nouns-animals.txt rename to Esperanto Course/vocab/nouns-animals.txt diff --git a/vocab/nouns-body-parts.txt b/Esperanto Course/vocab/nouns-body-parts.txt similarity index 100% rename from vocab/nouns-body-parts.txt rename to Esperanto Course/vocab/nouns-body-parts.txt diff --git a/vocab/nouns-days-and-months.txt b/Esperanto Course/vocab/nouns-days-and-months.txt similarity index 100% rename from vocab/nouns-days-and-months.txt rename to Esperanto Course/vocab/nouns-days-and-months.txt diff --git a/vocab/nouns-family.txt b/Esperanto Course/vocab/nouns-family.txt similarity index 100% rename from vocab/nouns-family.txt rename to Esperanto Course/vocab/nouns-family.txt diff --git a/vocab/nouns.txt b/Esperanto Course/vocab/nouns.txt similarity index 100% rename from vocab/nouns.txt rename to Esperanto Course/vocab/nouns.txt diff --git a/vocab/numbers.txt b/Esperanto Course/vocab/numbers.txt similarity index 100% rename from vocab/numbers.txt rename to Esperanto Course/vocab/numbers.txt diff --git a/vocab/particles.txt b/Esperanto Course/vocab/particles.txt similarity index 100% rename from vocab/particles.txt rename to Esperanto Course/vocab/particles.txt diff --git a/vocab/personal-pronouns.txt b/Esperanto Course/vocab/personal-pronouns.txt similarity index 100% rename from vocab/personal-pronouns.txt rename to Esperanto Course/vocab/personal-pronouns.txt diff --git a/vocab/phrases.txt b/Esperanto Course/vocab/phrases.txt similarity index 100% rename from vocab/phrases.txt rename to Esperanto Course/vocab/phrases.txt diff --git a/vocab/prefixes.txt b/Esperanto Course/vocab/prefixes.txt similarity index 100% rename from vocab/prefixes.txt rename to Esperanto Course/vocab/prefixes.txt diff --git a/vocab/prepositions.txt b/Esperanto Course/vocab/prepositions.txt similarity index 100% rename from vocab/prepositions.txt rename to Esperanto Course/vocab/prepositions.txt diff --git a/vocab/pronouns.txt b/Esperanto Course/vocab/pronouns.txt similarity index 100% rename from vocab/pronouns.txt rename to Esperanto Course/vocab/pronouns.txt diff --git a/vocab/suffixes.txt b/Esperanto Course/vocab/suffixes.txt similarity index 100% rename from vocab/suffixes.txt rename to Esperanto Course/vocab/suffixes.txt diff --git a/vocab/verbs.txt b/Esperanto Course/vocab/verbs.txt similarity index 100% rename from vocab/verbs.txt rename to Esperanto 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2b0928e..7782e01 100644 --- a/Ido Course/Homework Assignments.html +++ b/Ido Course/Homework Assignments.html @@ -7,17 +7,24 @@

Homework Assignments

Syllabus
Ido Course

-

+

due 1/10/24

    -
  • reading:  go to Lesson 1, scroll +
  • reading:  go to Lesson 0, scroll down to:  Practice - Ido Alphabet - read it out loud to yourself
    • -
  • writing:  go to Lesson 1, scroll +
  • writing:  go to Lesson 0, scroll down to:  Practice - Noun and Adjective Endings - write out the translations
- +

due 1/17/24

+ +
    +
  • vocab:     Lesson +1 vocab - 2nd set - learn for Lesson 2
    • +
  • writing:  g
    • +
  • reading:  g
    • +

Syllabus

diff --git a/Ido Course/Ido Course.html b/Ido Course/Ido Course.html index 31d6df0..3d86ac2 100644 --- a/Ido Course/Ido Course.html +++ b/Ido Course/Ido Course.html @@ -7,18 +7,21 @@

Ido Course

Homework Assignments
Syllabus

-


-

+

+

Notes on class prep
+raw material

+ +

Ido Minutes A
Ido Minutes B

-

raw material

+

Ido +- Home Page

-

Esperanto +

Esperanto Course
-Gandalfas' -Home Page

+Gandalfas' Home Page

Git diff --git a/Ido Course/Lesson 0.html b/Ido Course/Lesson 0.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..dce9c64 --- /dev/null +++ b/Ido Course/Lesson 0.html @@ -0,0 +1,284 @@ + + + +Lesson 0 + + +

Lesson 0

+

1/03/24

+

Lesson -- * Lesson 1 * Syllabus +* Ido Course         +        Esperanto +Course

+

Kim, Mickey, Karen

+

+

Finally today is the Ido lesson!
+Yes, the prophecy from early December is coming true.
+
+Smile, Open minds, Open hearts!
+
+Try to take it in, take notes, and/or refer to this page online.
+
+There will be homework.

+


+

+

Ido alphabet

+

Ido uses all 26 letters.  There are no accented letters.  All +Ido letters are spelled and pronounced the same as in Esperanto, except +as below.

+

Eo:    a   b   c   ĉ +  d   e   f   g   ĝ +  h   ĥ +  i   j +  ĵ +  k   l
+Ido:   a   b   c        d   +e   f   g        h        i +  j +      k   l

+

         m   n   o   p   +     r   s   ŝ +  t   u   ŭ +  v                  z
+          m   n   o   p   +q   +r   s       t   u        v +  w +  x +  y +  z

+ +

j - new sound. +   "y" in "yes"     →     "s" in "measure".
+                  the same +as Eo ĵ.

+

ĉ → ch           ĉambro → chambro
+ĝ → j              ĝusta → +justa
+ĥ → k            ĥoro → koro +       (choir)

+

ĵ → j              ĵurnalo +→ jurnalo

+

q - only appears as qu.
+qu - "qu" in "quick".  replaces Esperanto kv.    
+                     +  kvar → quar

+

ŝ → sh          ŝultro → +shultro
+ŭ → u or w    laŭdo → laudo
+                     +   ŭato → wato        (watt)

+

w - "w" in "water".  replaces many Esperanto v.
+                     +              viskio → wiskio
+x - "x" in "axle".      replaces Esperanto ks.
+                     +              eksperto → experto
+                     +              ksilofono → xilofono
+y - "y" in "you".      replaces Esperanto j.
+                     +              juna → yuna

+ +

dipthongs

+ +

aŭ → au - "ow" in "cow"
+eŭ → eu - "eh-oo", quickly

+

eliminated:

+ +

Esperanto aj, ej, oj, uj

+ +

Advantages

+ +
    +
  • we can type Ido in email and text messages (no accents)
    • +
  • words are more easily recogizable
    • +
  • will hopefully eliminate the struggles you have pronouncing the accented +Eo letters
    • +
+ +

Practice - Ido alphabet

+

Pronounce the Ido and Esperanto:

+

chambro - room               +           ĉambro
+domacho - shack               +          domaĉo
+serchas - search for, seek            serĉas

+

jurnalo - journal               +           ĵurnalo
+justa - right, correct             +        ĝusta
+joyo - joy                 +                     ĝoyo
+manjas - eat                 +                manĝas
+arjenta - silver               +              arĝenta
+larja - wide                 +                 larĝa
+sendajo - something sent             +sendaĵo
+skribajo - something written       skribaĵo

+

aquo - water               +                  akvo
+quar - four                 +                  kvar

+

shultro - shoulder             +           ŝultro
+kushas - lie down               +         kuŝas
+shuo - shoe                 +                 ŝuo

+

laudo - praise               +               laŭdo

+

wiskio - whiskey               +          viskio
+wato - watt                 +                 ŭato

+

experto - expert               +           eksperto
+xilofono - xylophone               +   ksilofono

+

yuna - young               +                juna
+hundeyo - doghouse               +    hundejo
+floruyo - flower vase             +     florujo

+


+
+

+

Noun and Adjective Endings

+ +

The noun endings -  singular and plural -   -o  and -i

+

like Italian - spaghetti, macaroni, paparazzi, graffiti, panini, +pepperoni, confetti

+

hundo             - a dog

+

hundoj
+hundi             - dogs

+ +

domo              - +a house

+

domoj
+domi              - houses

+ +

la bovo            - the +cow

+

la bovoj
+la bovi             - the cows

+


+
+

+

The adjective ending - singular and plural -   -a

+ +

nigra hundo     - a black dog

+

nigraj hundoj
+nigra hundi        - black dogs

+ +

la rapida blanka bovo      - the fast +white cow

+

la rapidaj blankaj bovoj
+la rapida blanka bovi      - the fast white +cows

+


+
+

+


+The object ending - there is none - do not add -n
+

+ +

unless it precedes the subject (rare)

+ +

The man has a table.
+La viro havas tablon.
+La viro havas tablo.

+

The man has tables.
+La viro havas tablojn.
+La viro havas tabli.

+ +

The student loves the flower.
+La studento amas la floron.
+La studento amas la floro.

+

The student loves the flowers.
+La studento amas la florojn.
+La studento amas la flori.

+


+
+

+

Similarly, do not add -n to adjective of object

+ +

The man has a brown table.
+La viro havas brunan tablon.
+La viro havas bruna tablo.

+

The man has brown tables.
+La viro havas brunajn tablojn.
+La viro havas bruna tabli.

+

+

The student loves the yellow flower.
+La studento amas la flavan floron.
+La studento amas la flava floro.

+

The student loves the yellow flowers.
+La studento amas la flavajn florojn.
+La studento amas la flava flori.

+

+

We see many big white houses.
+Ni vidas multajn grandajn blankajn domojn.
+Ni vidas multa granda blanka domi.

+


+

+

Estas → Esas

+

Ni estas bonaj virinoj.
+Ni esas bona virini.

+

La suno estis varma.
+La suno esis varma.

+

La nokto estos pluva.
+La nokto esos pluva.

+


+

+

Practice - Noun and Adjective Endings

+ +

Translate into English and then into Esperanto.

+

plurals

+

1. Nigra hundi venas.
+2. La bela kati iras al la domo.
+3. Bruna tabli esas en la chambro.
+4. La sana studenti kuras sur la herbo.

+

objects

+

1. Ni vidas la verda domo.
+2. Ni volas rapida bovo.
+3. Ni havas bona pomo.

+

4. Ni vidas la verda domi.
+5. Ni volas rapida bovi.
+6. Ni havas bona pomi.

+

mixed

+

1. La urbi esas granda.
+2. La virino parolas du lingui.
+3. La viro amas multa bona virini.
+4. Ni parolas Ido.
+5. Ni vidas nia nigra hundi.

+

+

Translate into Ido and then into Esperanto.

+

plurals

+

1. The three black dogs came to the house.
+2. The green apples are on the table.
+3. The fast women go to the city.
+4. The young boys sat at the fire.

+

objects

+

1. The grandfather sees the little girl.
+2. The dog kissed the brown cat.
+3. The father sings the beautiful song.           +    (kanto - song)

+

4. The grandfather sees the little girls.
+5. The dog kissed the brown cats.
+6. The father sings the beautiful songs.

+

mixed

+

1. The man carried the big blue books.
+2. The family has many white cats.
+3. The female-bear has three beautiful bear cubs.
+4. We play easy games.               +                   (ludo +- game)

+


+

+ + diff --git a/Ido Course/Lesson 1 Evaluation.html b/Ido Course/Lesson 1 Evaluation.html deleted file mode 100644 index f0d2011..0000000 --- a/Ido Course/Lesson 1 Evaluation.html +++ /dev/null @@ -1,74 +0,0 @@ - - - -Lesson 1 Evaluation - - -

Lesson 1 Evaluation

-

1/10/24

-

Lesson 1 * ---  * Ido -Course * Esperanto -Course

-

Kim, Mickey, Karen

-

-

Before we dive into Ido...

- -

We're at a decision point.  Many ideas have come up, such as:

-

1. we all stay with Eo
-2. we all go to Ido
-3. have two separate classes, one for Eo and one for Ido
-4. teach a hybrid language - some features and vocab from Eo, some new -features from Ido

-

I think there are really only 2 choices - the top two.

- -

(3) having two separate classes

-

problems:

- -
    -
  • with this, we have lost something wonderful:
    • -
  • we can learn together, talk together, help each other, write messages -to each other, even groan together
    • -
  • we laugh more together.  we make sure we don't get too serious.
    • -
  • -
  • we would lose all that.  it would be one-to-one.  just you -and me. no more helping, writing messages to each other.
    • -
  • -
  • and for me, it will be twice the work, preparing for 2 classes, reviewing -2 different homeworks
    • -
-

=> I think we really need -to stick together, whichever way we go.  all for one and one for all. - Thoughts?

- -

(4) teaching a hybrid language - some features and vocab from Eo, -some new features from Ido

-

problems:

- -
    -
  • what does the hybrid language look like?  somehow have a mixture -of Eo and Ido words?  or let's say we stick with Eo words, but use -Ido letters?  (ch, sh, j, etc).  And some of the Ido reforms -- no -j, -n, -jn...
    • -
  • no already-prepared teaching materials - doesn't really work to use -our Eo book and ignore the "-j" and "-n".  and Ido materials would -also not work for this hybrid language - it won't have our hybrid words.
    • -
  • we could ignore the teaching books and I could create all the lessons -myself, but:
    • -
  • no dictionary that would ever show our spellings (Eo words with Ido -letters - ch, sh, j, etc)
    • -
  • if we got used to ch, sh, etc.  and plural -i, and no -j on adjectives, -and no -n on objects, then: -
      -
    • if we tried to read Eo books we would have to mentally translate all -the ĉ, ŝ, ĝ, ĵ, etc, and mentally skip over all the -j  -n  -jn - endings.   same if we listened to Eo recordings.
      • -
    • if we tried to read Ido books, certain Ido-only words would not be -recognizable.  if we listen to Ido recordings, same problem
      • -
    -
    • -
-


-
-

- - diff --git a/Ido Course/Lesson 1.html b/Ido Course/Lesson 1.html index cb63071..9395da5 100644 --- a/Ido Course/Lesson 1.html +++ b/Ido Course/Lesson 1.html @@ -5,279 +5,344 @@

Lesson 1

-

1/03/24

-

-- * Lesson 1 Evaluation * Ido -Course                 Esperanto -Course

-

raw material

+

1/10/24

+

Lesson 0 * Lesson +2 * Syllabus * Ido +Course                 Eo Lesson +1

Kim, Mickey, Karen

-

-

Finally today is the Ido lesson!
-Yes, the prophecy from early December is coming true.
-
-Smile, Open minds, open hearts!
-
-Try to take it in, take notes, and/or refer to this page online.
-
-There will be homework.

-


-

-

Ido alphabet

-

Ido uses all 26 letters.  There are no accented letters.  All -Ido letters are spelled and pronounced the same as in Esperanto, except -as below.

-

Eo:    a   b   c   ĉ -  d   e   f   g   ĝ -  h   ĥ -  i   j -  ĵ -  k   l
-Ido:   a   b   c        d   -e   f   g        h        i -  j -      k   l

-

         m   n   o   p   -     r   s   ŝ -  t   u   ŭ -  v                  z
-          m   n   o   p   -q   -r   s       t   u        v -  w -  x -  y -  z

- -

j - new sound. -   "y" in "yes"     →     "s" in "measure".
-                     -      the same as Eo ĵ.

-

ĉ → ch           ĉambro → chambro
-ĝ → j              ĝusta → -justa
-ĥ → k            ĥoro → koro -       (choir)

-

ĵ → j              ĵurnalo -→ jurnalo

-

q - only appears as qu.
-qu - "qu" in "quick".  replaces Esperanto kv.    
-      kvar → quar

-

ŝ → sh          ŝultro → -shultro
-ŭ → u or w    laŭdo → laudo
-                     -   ŭato → wato        (watt)

-

w - "w" in "water".  replaces many Esperanto v.
-                     -              viskio → wiskio
-x - "x" in "axle".      replaces Esperanto ks.
-                     -              eksperto → experto
-                     -              ksilofono → xilofono
-y - "y" in "you".      replaces Esperanto j.
-                     -              juna → yuna

-

dipthongs

+

-

aŭ → au - "ow" in "cow"
-eŭ → eu - "eh-oo", quickly

-

eliminated:

- -

Esperanto aj, ej, oj, uj

- -

Advantages

+

After "Lesson 0"

    -
  • we can type Ido in email and text messages (no accents)
    • -
  • words are more easily recogizable
    • -
  • will hopefully eliminate the struggles you have pronouncing the accented -Eo letters
    • +
  • we all want to stay together in one class.
    • +
  • attempting a hybrid language has many problems
    • +
  • we see that Ido has way more benefits than costs
    • +
  • +
  • yet...
    • +
  • very brave, change is hard.
    • +
  • my hope is that Ido will make things less difficult, more fun.
-

Practice - Ido alphabet

-

Pronounce the Ido and Esperanto:

-

chambro - room               -           ĉambro
-domacho - shack               -          domaĉo
-serchas - search for, seek            serĉas

-

jurnalo - journal               -           ĵurnalo
-justa - right, correct             -        ĝusta
-joyo - joy                 -                     ĝoyo
-manjas - eat                 -                manĝas
-arjenta - silver               -              arĝenta
-larja - wide                 -                 larĝa
-sendajo - something sent             -sendaĵo
-skribajo - something written       skribaĵo

-

aquo - water               -                  akvo
-quar - four                 -                  kvar

-

shultro - shoulder             -           ŝultro
-kushas - lie down               -         kuŝas
-shuo - shoe                 -                 ŝuo

-

laudo - praise               -               laŭdo

-

wiskio - whiskey               -          viskio
-wato - watt                 -                 ŭato

-

experto - expert               -           eksperto
-xilofono - xylophone               -   ksilofono

-

yuna - young               -                juna
-hundeyo - doghouse               -    hundejo
-floruyo - flower vase             -     florujo

+

Ido.  starting from scratch. + paralleling the Eo lessons.



-

Noun and Adjective Endings

- -

The noun endings -  singular and plural -   -o  and -i

-

like Italian - spaghetti, macaroni, paparazzi, graffiti, panini, -pepperoni, confetti

-

hundo             - a dog

-

hundoj
-hundi             - dogs

+

Intro to Ido

-

domo              - -a house

-

domoj
-domi              - houses

+

The flag

+

                    +                     

+

The 6 points are for:

+ +
    +
  • English
    • +
  • French
    • +
  • Italian
    • +
  • Spanish
    • +
  • German
    • +
  • Russian
    • +
-

la bovo            - the -cow

-

la bovoj
-la bovi             - the cows

-


-
-

-

The adjective ending - singular and plural -   -a

+

About the Language

+ +
    +
  • credit goes first to Zamenhof (creator of Esperanto in 1887) +and his proposed reforms (1894)
    • +
  • then revised by Beaufront, Couturat, and others, first +released as a rough draft in 1907. + over the next few years the details were hammered out.
    • +
  • in 1919 the first books describing the language were published
    • +
  • in 1924 came the complete dictionaries
    • +
  • goal is to be an IAL - International Auxiliary Language
    • +
  • easier to learn - no exceptions to the rules.  estimated to be +one quarter of the time as a natural language
    • +
  • Ido is not trying to be the only language, it's trying to be an international +language alongside the native language.  so that people only need +to learn one additional language to talk any foreigner
    • +
  • https://nekredebla.wordpress.com
    • +
+

Some numbers

+ +
    +
  • 500-2,000 active speakers
    • +
  • 24 native speakers, 2020, all in Finland
    • +
  • Wikipedio - 44,000 articles - 104th largest out of 326 Wikipedias total +
      +
    • (Eo) Vikipedio - 348,000 articles - 36th largest
      • +
    • https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/List_of_Wikipedias
      • +
    +
    • +
  • 250 books in Juste's library (1998), and over 30 new books have been +published in the last few years
    • +
  • a few of the books: +
      +
    • La Aventuri di Alicia en Marvelia
      • +
    • La Misterio di Valo Boscombe - Sir Arthur Conan Doyle
      • +
    • Evangelio da Santa Lukas
      • +
    • Antologio dil Idolinguo, Tomo I (274pp) & Tomo II +(275+89pp)
      • +
    • Princino de Marso
      • +
    • Konan la Barbarulo
      • +
    • Winnie-la-Pu
      • +
    • La Marvelozo Sorcisto di Oz
      • +
    • La Granda Gatsby
      • +
    • La Milito dil Mondi
      • +
    • La Tempo-Mashino
      • +
    +
    • +
  • periodicals +
      +
    • Progreso
      • +
    • Ido-Vivo
      • +
    +
    • +
  • movies - at least one animated film
    • +
  • songs - a few - Liberez, +Liberez (Let it Go)
    • +
  • youtube videos - a few
    • +
-

nigra hundo     - a black dog

-

nigraj hundoj
-nigra hundi        - black dogs

+

About the class

+

why are we learning a language?

+
    +
  • Karen +
      +
    • increase quality of brain, and recall
      • +
    • fun to converse in another language
      • +
    • self-empowerment
      • +
    +
    • +
  • +
  • Mickey +
      +
    • initially, to do activity with Kim
      • +
    • brain health
      • +
    • self esteem
      • +
    +
    • +
  • +
  • Kim +
      +
    • I love languages.
      • +
    • I want to learn a language well, to read and speak, without having +to learn a million exceptions.
      • +
    +
    • +
-

la rapida blanka bovo      - the fast -white cow

-

la rapidaj blankaj bovoj
-la rapida blanka bovi      - the fast white -cows

-


-
-

-


-The object ending - there is none - do not add -n
-

+

Beyond that...

-

unless it precedes the subject (rare)

+
    +
  • learning and thinking in a new language delays onset of Alzheimers +by 4-5 years
    • +
  • don't worry about mistakes
    • +
  • best way to learn: immersion.  we will do a lot of talking
    • +
+

+

Alphabet and Pronunciation

+

Ido uses all 26 letters.  There are no accented letters.  All +Ido letters are spelled and pronounced the same as in Esperanto, except +as below.

+

  a   b   c   d   e   f   g   +h   i    j    k   l   m
+   n   o   p   q   r   s   t   +u   v   w   x   y   z

-

The man has a table.
-La viro havas tablon.
-La viro havas tablo.

-

The man has tables.
-La viro havas tablojn.
-La viro havas tabli.

+

ch                   +                   chambro

+

j       "s" in "measure"     + justa

+

q       only appears as qu.
+qu    "qu" in "quick"          quar

+

sh                   +                   shultro

+

w                   +                     wato +(watt), wiskio

+

x       "x" in "axle" (ks)      experto, + xilofono

+

y       "y" in "you"         +     yuna

+

+

dipthongs

+ +

+ +

au     "ow" in "cow"          lauda
+eu      "eh-oo", quickly      Europa

-

The student loves the flower.
-La studento amas la floron.
-La studento amas la floro.

-

The student loves the flowers.
-La studento amas la florojn.
-La studento amas la flori.

-


+

accent

+

Generally, every vowel is a syllable.

+ +
    +
      +
    • che, vi-ro, fe-li-ca
      • +
    +
+ +

For words of 2 or more syllables, the accent is on the 2nd last syllable.

+ +
    +
      +
    • vi-ro, fe-li-ca, jur-na-lo
      • +
    +
+

exception 1

+

if the last syllable is   i + vowel   or   u ++ vowel   they are treated as one syllable.
+      -ia  -ie  -io + -iu        -ua  -ue  -ui  -uo

+ +
    +
      +
    • fa-mi-lio, lin-guo
      • +
    +
+

+

Practice

+

focus on pronunciation.  we're not learning the meanings here.

+

chambro
+domacho
+serchas

+

jurnalo
+justa
+joyo
+manjas
+arjenta
+larja
+sendajo
+skribajo

+

aquo
+quar

+

shultro
+kushas
+shuo

+

laudo

+

wiskio
+wato

+

experto
+xilofono

+

yuna
+hundeyo
+floruyo

+

familio
+bakerio
+fabrikerio
+pekunio

+

linguo
+manuo

+ +



-

-

Similarly, do not add -n to adjective of object

+

+ +

Vocab.  Note: After this, new vocab will just be in the homework.

+ +

-

The man has a brown table.
-La viro havas brunan tablon.
-La viro havas bruna tablo.

-

The man has brown tables.
-La viro havas brunajn tablojn.
-La viro havas bruna tabli.

+

Nouns

+

domo - house
+tablo - table
+viro - man
+floro - flower
+pomo - apple

+

kato - cat
+hundo - dog
+bovo - cow/bull

-

The student loves the yellow flower.
-La studento amas la flavan floron.
-La studento amas la flava floro.

-

The student loves the yellow flowers.
-La studento amas la flavajn florojn.
-La studento amas la flava flori.

+

The -o ending of nouns

+

A noun is a person, place, or thing.

+

All singular nouns end in -o.

-

We see many big white houses.
-Ni vidas multajn grandajn blankajn domojn.
-Ni vidas multa granda blanka domi.

+

Articles

+

indefinite article

+ +
    +
      +
    • A man walked into a bar.
      • +
    • Some dogs ran across my lawn.
      • +
    +
+ +

this man was not mentioned +yet

+ +

definite article

+ +
    +
      +
    • The man said...
      • +
    • The dogs were...
      • +
    +
+ +

the one just mentioned, +not some other man


-

Estas → Esas

-

Ni estas bonaj virinoj.
-Ni esas bona virini.

-

La suno estis varma.
-La suno esis varma.

-

La nokto estos pluva.
-La nokto esos pluva.

+

(la is absent) - a, an, some

+ +
    +
      +
    • Viro marchis...
      • +
    • Hundi kuris...
      • +
    +
+ +

la   -   the

+ +
    +
      +
    • La viro...
      • +
    • La hundi...
      • +
    +
+

+ +

Practice

+

1. la floro
+2. la kata
+3. domo
+4. viro
+5. la tablo
+6. la hundo
+7. bovo
+8. pomo


-

Practice - Noun and Adjective Endings

- -

Translate into English and then into Esperanto.

-

plurals

-

1. Nigra hundi venas.
-2. La bela kati iras al la domo.
-3. Bruna tabli esas en la chambro.
-4. La sana studenti kuras sur la herbo.

-

objects

-

1. Ni vidas la verda domo.
-2. Ni volas rapida bovo.
-3. Ni havas bona pomo.

-

4. Ni vidas la verda domi.
-5. Ni volas rapida bovi.
-6. Ni havas bona pomi.

-

mixed

-

1. La urbi estas granda.
-2. La virino parolas du lingui.
-3. La viro amas multa bona virini.
-4. Ni parolas Ido.
-5. Ni vidas nia nigra hundi.

+

Verbs

+

esas - is, am, are, be
+iras - goes
+venas - comes
+kuras - runs
+marchas - walks
+amas - loves
+manjas - eats

+

+

All the above vocab are in:  Lesson +1 vocab - 1st set

+

+

Practice

+

1. Bovo venas.
+2. Hundo esas en la domo.
+3. La bovo venas.
+4. La kato kuras sur la tablo.
+5. Bovo marchas.
+6. Viro manjas pomo.
+7. La viro amas la pomo.
+8. La hundo manjas floro .
+9. Viro esas en la domo.
+10. Pomo esas sur la tablo.
+11. La viro iras.
+12. La hundo amas la kato.

+

+

Vocabulary

+

pronounce together - see Homework +Assignments

-

Translate into Ido and then into Esperanto.

-

plurals

-

1. The three black dogs came to the house.
-2. The green apples are on the table.
-3. The fast women go to the city.
-4. The young boys sat at the fire.

-

objects

-

1. The grandfather sees the little girl.
-2. The dog kissed the brown cat.
-3. The father sings the beautiful song.           -    (kanto - song)

-

4. The grandfather sees the little girls.
-5. The dog kissed the brown cats.
-6. The father sings the beautiful songs.

-

mixed

-

1. The man carried the big blue books.
-2. The family has many white cats.
-3. The female-bear has three beautiful bear cubs.
-4. We play easy games.               -                   (ludo -- game)

-


-

diff --git a/Ido Course/Lesson 2.html b/Ido Course/Lesson 2.html index f8a9bf4..0696919 100644 --- a/Ido Course/Lesson 2.html +++ b/Ido Course/Lesson 2.html @@ -5,91 +5,71 @@

Lesson 2

-

1/11/23

+

1/17/24

Lesson 1 * Lesson -3 * Ido Course         -        Esperanto Lesson -1

- -

Review

- -

Why are you learning Eo?

-

Kim

- -
    -
  • I love languages.
    • -
  • I want to learn a language well, to read and speak, without having -to learn a million exceptions.
    • -
-

Karen

- -
    -
  • increase quality of brain, and recall
    • -
  • fun to converse in another language
    • -
  • self-empowerment
    • -
-

Mickey

- -
    -
  • initially, to do activity with Kim
    • -
  • brain health
    • -
  • self esteem
    • -
- -

Phrases

-

Saluton!
-Kiel vi fartas?
-Mi fartas bone.
-Bonvenon!

- -

Practice

-

point at something => "La tablo estas bruna."

+3 * Syllabus * Ido +Course                 Eo Lesson +2

+

+

Vocabulary Quiz

+

Lesson 1 vocab - 2nd set

+

+

Practice the vocab - Nouns and Verbs - Read and Translate

+

La domo esas blua.
+La tablo esas bruna.
+Libro esas sur la tablo.
+La arboro esas verda.
+La viro iras.
+Muliero kuras.
+Amiko venas.
+La viro marchas.

Personal Pronouns

+

let's just rip off the band-aid, eh?

person        singular    plural
-1st               mi       +1st               me              ni
-2nd              vi       -        vi
-3rd               li, ŝi, ĝi   -   ili
-indefinite     oni

-

-

Verbs (intransitive - not ready for objects)

-

esti
-marŝi
-farti
-sidi
-stari
-iri
-esperi
-veni
-dormi

-

The -i form is the dictionary form.  technically called the infinitive.

+2nd              vu       +       vi
+3rd               lu       +        li
+indefinite     onu

+

Practice

+

me
+vu
+lu

+

ni
+vi
+li

+

again

+

ni
+lu
+me
+vu
+li
+vi

+

again

+

The -as ending of verbs - the present tense - the 3 meanings

-

li vidas - he sees, he is seeing, he does see

-

Mi marŝas.
-Vi fartas.
-Li sidas.
-Ŝi staras.
-Ĝi iras.
-Ni esperas.
+

lu vidas - he sees, he is seeing, he does see

+

Me marŝas.
+Vu fartas.
+Lu sidas.

+

Ni esperas.
Vi venas.
-Ili dormas.

- -

Nouns

-

viro
-frato
-filo
-patro
-knabo
-avo

+Li dormas.

+

+

The -ul- suffix

+

-ul- - male     bovulo - bull

The -in- suffix

-

-in- - female

+

-in- - female    bovino - cow

+

Practice

-

viro - virino
+

hundo - hundulo - hundino
+kato - katino - katulo
+HERE - go random, 1 word/line
frato - fratino
filo - filino
patro - patrino
@@ -97,7 +77,10 @@

Practice

avo - avino

Vocabulary

-

Lesson 2 vocab

-

+

pronounce together - see Homework +Assignments

+


+
+

diff --git a/Ido Course/Lesson 3.html b/Ido Course/Lesson 3.html index 526bf40..a005d8d 100644 --- a/Ido Course/Lesson 3.html +++ b/Ido Course/Lesson 3.html @@ -5,11 +5,12 @@

Lesson 3

-

1/18/23   remote (Covid)

+

1/18/23

Lesson 2 * Lesson -4 * Ido Course         -        Esperanto Lesson -1

+4 * Syllabus * Ido +Course                   +   Eo Lesson +3

Review

diff --git a/Ido Course/Notes on class prep.html b/Ido Course/Notes on class prep.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..c547f61 --- /dev/null +++ b/Ido Course/Notes on class prep.html @@ -0,0 +1,69 @@ + + + +Notes on class prep + + +

Notes on class prep

+

raw material

+

+

regarding the Ido vocab which are new or redefines...

+ +
    +
  • be mindful!
    • +
  • do introduce a few +every week
    • +
  • do not introduce too +many!!
    • +
  • for %n in (1 2) do for %c in (+ : [+:]) do grep %c "Lesson %n *.txt" +| wc -l
    • +
+

no more vocab/phrases in the lesson proper!  only in vocab files. + except for Lesson 1.

+

+

tips

+ +
    +
  • use the tutorials to determine wh personal pronouns to teach first:
    • +
  • or, perhaps, beginner books! +
      +
    • tu or vu? - favoring vu! because of vi.  but a good one +presents both, should I?
      • +
    • il, el, ol, or lu?  lu
      • +
    • esas or es?   esas.
      • +
    • +
    • later!
      • +
    • tu
      • +
    • il, el, ol, or ilu, elu, olu? - favoring ilu because of ilua, +and since can easily drop the u later. +
        +
      • or delay them all and start with lu and lua?
        • +
      +
      • +
    • esar?  not till later so I don't overwhelm that at first.  need +to get them hopeful and confident first.
      • +
    +
    • +
  • la princeto +
      +
    • vu, never tu
      • +
    • lu, never il, ilu.  and lua 95%, only 2 cases of ilua.
      • +
    • esas, never es.
      • +
    +
    • +
+
    +
  • delay qua/qui till after -i is firmly established as plural of nouns
    • +
  • delay infinitives
    • +
+ +

later

+ +

ŝajnas             not recognizable
+semblas         semblance

+

ĉu
+ka                   +(not sure why - maybe so that all questions start with a k- sound?)

+

+ + diff --git a/Ido Course/Syllabus.html b/Ido Course/Syllabus.html index 41516c8..a0f613c 100644 --- a/Ido Course/Syllabus.html +++ b/Ido Course/Syllabus.html @@ -7,31 +7,34 @@

Syllabus

Homework Assignments
Ido Course

-

Ido Minutes A
-Ido Minutes B

-

raw material

-

-

1/03/24 Lesson 1

+ +

1/03/24 Lesson 0 - Ido for +Esperanto speakers

    -
  • Speaking
    • -
  • Go over homework
    • -
  • New material: Lesson 1
    • -
  • +
  • speaking
    • +
  • go over homework, including vocab
    • +
  • teacher's research
    • +
  • new material: Lesson 0
-

1/10/24 Lesson 1 Evaluation

+

1/10/24 Lesson 1

    -
  • Speaking
    • -
  • Go over homework
    • -
  • New material: Lesson 1 Evaluation
    • -
  • +
  • speaking
    • +
  • go over homework, including vocab
    • +
  • teacher's research:  6 languages - see lesson
    • +
  • review - no, we're starting from scratch +now
    • +
  • new material: Lesson 1

Homework Assignments

________________________________
For Kim: Git and GitHub Pages

+

Ido Minutes A
+Ido Minutes B

+

raw material

diff --git a/Ido Course/raw material.html b/Ido Course/raw material.html index aaa5832..646e5b3 100644 --- a/Ido Course/raw material.html +++ b/Ido Course/raw material.html @@ -6,31 +6,10 @@

raw material

+

Notes on class prep

draw Ido minutes, lessons from here.  this is all validated.

is there an ido stack exchange?

-

-

new letters

- -

q - "q" in "quick".  only appears as qu.  see -below.
-w - "w" in "water".  replaces many Esperanto v.    viskio -→ wiskio
-x - "x" in "axle".      replaces Esperanto ks. -           eksperto → experto     - ksilofono → xilofono
-y - "y" in "you".      replaces Esperanto j.   -            juna → yuna

-

new two-letter combos

- -

ch - "ch" in "church"
-sh - "sh" in "show"
-qu - "qu" in "quick".  replaces Esperanto kv.    kvar -→ quar

-

eliminated accented letters
-ŝ → sh          ŝultro → shultro
-ŭ → u or w    laŭdo → laudo       -    ŭato → wato        (watt)

the names of the letters

@@ -54,45 +33,7 @@

the names of the letters

  • -

    preparing class notes

    -

    tips

    - -
      -
    • delay qua/qui till after -i is firmly established as plural of nouns
      • -
    • use the tutorials to determine wh personal pronouns to teach first:
      • -
    • or, perhaps, beginner books! -
        -
      • tu or vu? - favoring vu! because of vi.  but a good one -presents both, should I?
        • -
      • il, el, ol, or ilu, elu, olu? - favoring ilu because of ilua, -and since can easily drop the u later. -
          -
        • or delay them all and start with lu and lua?
          • -
        -
        • -
      • esas or es?   esas.
        • -
      • esar?  not till later so I don't overwhelm that at first.  need -to get them hopeful and confident first.
        • -
      -
      • -
    • la princeto -
        -
      • vu, never tu
        • -
      • lu, never il, ilu.  and lua 95%, only 2 cases of ilua.
        • -
      • esas, never es.
        • -
      -
      • -
    - -

    And yes, there are completely new -words, for various reasons

    - -

    ŝajnas             not recognizable
    -semblas         semblance

    -

    ĉu
    -ka                   -(not sure why - maybe so that all questions start with a k- sound?)

    -

    +

    Vocabulary

    nouns

    strado

    @@ -239,68 +180,9 @@

    notes on qua+

    -

    Intro - do later - spend the one lesson wisely

    - -

    Some numbers

    - -

    fix

    - -
      -
    • 1,000 - 5,000 speakers
      • -
    • here
      • -
    • Vikipedio - 300,000 articles - 36th largest
      • -
    • > 7,000 books
      • -
    • show the books that I have.
      • -
    • > 100 periodicals
      • -
    • 4 movies
      • -
    • record albums
      • -
    • -
    • youtube videos
      • -
    - -

    About the Class

    - -

    fix

    - -
      -
    • why learn it? -
        -
      • learning a language delays onset of Alzheimers by 4-5 years
        • -
      -
      • -
    • don't worry about mistakes
      • -
    • best way to learn: immersion.  we will do a lot of talking
      • -
    - -

    About the Language

    - -

    fix

    - -
      -
    • created by L.L.Zamenhof, published in 1887, to be an IAL - International -Auxiliary Language
      • -
    • easy to learn - no exceptions to the rules.  estimated to be one -quarter VERIFY of the time -as a natural language
      • -
    • Eo is not trying to be the only language, it's trying to be an international -language alongside the native language.  so that people only need -to learn one additional language to talk any foreigner
      • -
    • -
    • vocab: have Karen copy Mick's vocabulary.  go into mick's list -and name them, so can assign by name
      • -
    • try to stay on original plan, but keep it oriented to speaking. articles -very early. so la miserable and les miserables
      • -
    - -

    articles

    -

    English:  a, an, some, the

    -

    Ido:  la - the

    - -

    Viro venas.
    -La viro venas.

    -

    -

    Which reforms should we make to Esperanto

    -

    keep in here for now.  originated in Eo folder.

    +


    +Which reforms should we make to Esperanto

    +

    move back to Eo folder.

    nouns

      @@ -345,9 +227,71 @@

      Which reforms should we make to Esperanto

      Why reforms would be bad

        -
      • reading books, no dictionary, audio.  see Lesson -1 Evaluation
        • +
      • reading books, no dictionary, audio.  see Lesson 1 Evaluation +(below)
        • +
      +


      +
      +
      +

      +

      Before we dive into Ido...

      + +

      We're at a decision point.  Many ideas have come up, such as:

      +

      1. we all stay with Eo
      +2. we all go to Ido
      +3. have two separate classes, one for Eo and one for Ido
      +4. teach a hybrid language - some features and vocab from Eo, some new +features from Ido

      +

      I think there are really only 2 choices - the top two.

      + +

      (3) having two separate classes

      +

      problems:

      + +
        +
      • with this, we have lost something wonderful:
        • +
      • we can learn together, talk together, help each other, write messages +to each other, even groan together
        • +
      • we laugh more together.  we make sure we don't get too serious.
        • +
      • +
      • we would lose all that.  it would be one-to-one.  just you +and me. no more helping, writing messages to each other.
        • +
      • +
      • and for me, it will be twice the work, preparing for 2 classes, reviewing +2 different homeworks
      +

      => I think we really need +to stick together, whichever way we go.  all for one and one for all. + Thoughts?

      +

      (4) teaching a hybrid language - some features and vocab from Eo, +some new features from Ido

      +

      problems:

      + +
        +
      • what does the hybrid language look like?  somehow have a mixture +of Eo and Ido words?  or let's say we stick with Eo words, but use +Ido letters?  (ch, sh, j, etc).  And some of the Ido reforms +- no -j, -n, -jn...
        • +
      • no already-prepared teaching materials - doesn't really work to use +our Eo book and ignore the "-j" and "-n".  and Ido materials would +also not work for this hybrid language - it won't have our hybrid words.
        • +
      • we could ignore the teaching books and I could create all the lessons +myself, but:
        • +
      • no dictionary that would ever show our spellings (Eo words with Ido +letters - ch, sh, j, etc)
        • +
      • if we got used to ch, sh, etc.  and plural -i, and no -j on adjectives, +and no -n on objects, then: +
          +
        • if we tried to read Eo books we would have to mentally translate all +the ĉ, ŝ, ĝ, ĵ, etc, and mentally skip over all the -j  -n  -jn + endings.   same if we listened to Eo recordings.
          • +
        • if we tried to read Ido books, certain Ido-only words would not be +recognizable.  if we listen to Ido recordings, same problem
          • +
        +
        • +
      +


      +
      +

      diff --git a/Ido Course/vocab/Lesson 1 vocab.txt b/Ido Course/vocab/Lesson 1 vocab.txt index be235fa..403a798 100644 --- a/Ido Course/vocab/Lesson 1 vocab.txt +++ b/Ido Course/vocab/Lesson 1 vocab.txt @@ -1,34 +1,81 @@ -# numbers +## 1st set. introduced in Lesson 1 + +# grammatical-endings + +-o - noun : + +# nouns + +domo - house : +tablo - table : +viro - man {virile} : +floro - flower : +pomo - apple : + +# nouns-animals -zero+ - zero ~ nul+ -un+ - one {unity, union, unify} ~ unu* I: one (person) -du - two {duet} -tri - three {tricycle, triad} -quar+ - four ~ kvar+ {quartet} -kin+ - five ~ kvin+ {quintuplet} -sis+ - six ~ ses+ -sep - seven -ok - eight {octagon} -non+ - nine ~ nau+ -dek - ten {decimal} -cent - hundred -mil - thousand +kato - cat : +hundo - dog : +bovo - cow/bull : # articles -la - the +la - the : + +# verbs + +esas - is, am, are, be + +iras - goes : +venas - comes : +kuras - runs : +marchas - walks + +amas - loves : +manjas - eats : + + + + +## 2nd set. learn for Lesson 2 + +# grammatical-endings + +-a - adjective : # adjectives-colors -reda+ - red ~ ruja+ -blua - blue -verda - green -flava - yellow -oranjea+ - orange ~ oranjkolora -purpura - purple -blanka - white -nigra - black -griza - gray -bruna - brown -orea+ - gold ~ ora* [I: made of gold] -arjentea+ - silver ~ arjenta* [I: made of silver] +reda - red + +blua - blue : +verda - green :{verdant} +flava - yellow : +oranjea - orange + +purpura - purple : +blanka - white : +nigra - black : +griza - gray : +bruna - brown :{brunette} +orea - gold +{Au, aurum} +arjentea - silver +{Ag, Argentina} + +# nouns + +libro - book : +arboro - tree + +amiko - friend : + +# numbers + +zero - zero + +un - one +{unity, union, unify} +du - two :{duet, dual, duo, duplicate} +tri - three :{triplet, tricycle, triad} +quar - four +{quartet, quarter} +kin - five +{quintuplet} +sis - six +{sextuplet} +sep - seven :{septuplet} +ok - eight :{octagon} +non - nine +{nonuplet} +dek - ten :{decimal} +cent - hundred :{centimeter, century, percent} +mil - thousand :{millimeter} + + diff --git a/Ido Course/vocab/Lesson 2 vocab.txt b/Ido Course/vocab/Lesson 2 vocab.txt index 42620a5..e8a22e3 100644 --- a/Ido Course/vocab/Lesson 2 vocab.txt +++ b/Ido Course/vocab/Lesson 2 vocab.txt @@ -1,93 +1,75 @@ -# nouns - -domo - house -arboro+ - tree ~ arbo+ -amiko - friend -libro - book +# personal-pronouns -# nouns-family +me - I/me + +vu - you (singular) + +lu - he/him/she/her/it + -frato* - sibling ~ gefrato -fratulo+ - brother {fraternal} ~ frato* -fratino - sister +ni - we/us : +vi - you (plural) : +li - they/them + -filio* - son/daughter/offspring ~ ido+ -filiulo+ - son ~ filo* I: thread -filiino* - daughter +onu - one {one does what one can} + -avo* - grandparent -avulo* - grandfather ~ avo* -avino - grandmother +# grammatical-endings -genitoro+ - parent ~ gepatro+ -patro - father -matro+ - mother ~ patrino+ +-as - present tense (verb) : -viro - man {virile} -muliero+ - woman ~ virino+ +# verbs -puero+ - child (8 - 15 years) ~ geknabo+ -puerulo - boy (8 - 15 years) ~ knabo+ -puerino - girl (8 - 15 years) ~ knabino+ +standas - fares + +sidas - sits : +stacas - stands + +dormas - sleeps : +parolas - speaks : +laboras - works : +esperas - hopes : +vivas - lives : +brilas - shines : # nouns-animals -kato - cat -hundo - dog -ucelo+ - bird ~ birdo+ +urso - bear : +ucelo - bird + # adjectives -bela - beautiful -bona - good -yuna - young -felica - happy - -# personal-pronouns - -me+ - I/me ~ mi+ -vu+ - you (singular) ~ vi* -ilu+ - he/him ~ li* I: they -elu+ - she/her ~ shi+ -olu+ - it ~ ji+ +bela - beautiful : +bona - good : +yuna - young : +felica - happy + -ni - we/us -vi - you (plural) -li* - they/them ~ ili* I: they (masc) +# nouns-family SOME LATER!! -onu+ - one {one sometimes does the right thing} ~ oni+ +muliero - woman + -# verbs +frato - sibling + +fratulo - brother +{fraternal} +fratino - sister : -esas+ - is, am, are ~ estas+ -marchas - walks -standas+ - fares ~ fartas+ -sidas - sits -stacas+ - stands ~ staras+ -iras - goes -venas - comes -dormas - sleeps -parolas - speaks -laboras - works -esperas - hopes -kuras - runs -vivas - lives -brilas - shines - -# grammatical-endings +filio - son/daughter + +filiulo - son + +filiino - daughter + + +avo - grandparent + +avulo - grandfather + +avino - grandmother : + +genitoro - parent + +patro - father : +matro - mother + --a - adjective --o - noun --as - present tense (verb) +puero - child (8 - 15 years) + +puerulo - boy (8 - 15 years) + +puerino - girl (8 - 15 years) + -# phrases +# phrases LATER -Saluto! - Hello! -Quale vu standas?+ - How are you? ~ Kiel vi fartas?+ -Me standas bone.+ - I am well. ~ Mi fartas bone.+ -Bonveno! - Welcome! +Saluto! - Hello! : +Bonveno! - Welcome! : +Quale vu standas? - How are you? + +Me standas bone. - I am well. + # suffixes --ul* - male fratulo - brother ~ -ich+ --in - female fratino - sister +-ul - male fratulo - brother + +-in - female fratino - sister : diff --git a/Ido Course/vocab/Lesson 3 vocab - has marks - save for counting.txt b/Ido Course/vocab/Lesson 3 vocab - has marks - save for counting.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..52e1d8a --- /dev/null +++ b/Ido Course/vocab/Lesson 3 vocab - has marks - save for counting.txt @@ -0,0 +1,53 @@ +# nouns + +tablo - table +fenestro - window +stulo+ - chair ~ sejo+ +plankosulo+ - floor ~ planko* I: plank +plafono - ceiling +balno - bath +lampo - lamp +lito - bed +glaso - glass +plumo - pen +floro - flower +suno - sun +persono - person + +# nouns-animals + +bovo - cow/bull + +# adjectives + +sika+ - dry ~ seka+ +varma - warm +granda - big +nova - new +larja - wide +kontenta - content +libera - free +neta* - clean ~ pura* I: pure +forta - strong +sana - healthy +santa+ - holy ~ sankta+ +proxima - near + +# correlatives + +quo+ - what (indefinite thing) ~ kio+ +to+ - that (indefinite thing) ~ tio+ + + +# grammatical-endings + +-i* - plural (for a noun) ~ -oy+ + + +# prefixes + +des-* - opposite of desfacila - difficult ~ mal-* + +# suffixes + +-ar- - collection ucelaro - flock diff --git a/Ido Course/vocab/Lesson 3 vocab.txt b/Ido Course/vocab/Lesson 3 vocab.txt index 52e1d8a..0fb6c64 100644 --- a/Ido Course/vocab/Lesson 3 vocab.txt +++ b/Ido Course/vocab/Lesson 3 vocab.txt @@ -1,6 +1,5 @@ # nouns -tablo - table fenestro - window stulo+ - chair ~ sejo+ plankosulo+ - floor ~ planko* I: plank @@ -10,14 +9,9 @@ lampo - lamp lito - bed glaso - glass plumo - pen -floro - flower suno - sun persono - person -# nouns-animals - -bovo - cow/bull - # adjectives sika+ - dry ~ seka+ diff --git a/Ido Course/vocab/Lesson 4 vocab - has marks - save for counting.txt b/Ido Course/vocab/Lesson 4 vocab - has marks - save for counting.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..7addbfc --- /dev/null +++ b/Ido Course/vocab/Lesson 4 vocab - has marks - save for counting.txt @@ -0,0 +1,92 @@ +# prepositions + +sur - on +ad+ - to ~ al+ +de - from (not: since, by, of/possession) + + +# verbs + +havas - have/has +amas - loves +facas+ - does or makes +volas - wants +kisas - kisses +koquas+ - cooks ~ kuiras+ +manjas - eats +dicas+ - says, tells ~ diras+ +vidas - sees + + +# correlatives + +qua+ /noun/ - which /noun/, which /noun/ specifically ~ kiu+ +ta+ noun/ - that /noun/, that /noun/ specifically ~ tiu+ + +qua+ (with no noun) - who, which one (= person) ~ kiu+ +ta+ (with no noun) - that one (= person) ~ tiu+ + +# nouns + +esto+ - east ~ oriento* [I: Orient] +westo+ - west ~ okcidento+ +nordo - north +sudo - south + +# adjectives + +multa - much, many (much, for uncountable things like water, salt, sand; many for countable things like miles, boys, fingers) +rapida - fast +klara - clear +stupida - stupid +altra+ - other ~ alia* [I: garlic] +frua - early +sama - same +harda+ - hard ~ dura+ +plena - full +plena - full (not hungry) (as best as I can find) ~ plena+ +hungroza+ - hungry (from hungras - is hungry) ~ malsata+ +kelka - some (but not a large number) + +# conjunctions + +e+ - and ~ kay! +o+ - or ~ au! +nek - nor +ma+ - but ~ sed! +anke - also +pro ke+ - because (because-of that (clause)) ~ char+ +se - if + +# nouns + +linguo+ - language {lingual} ~ lingvo+ +pomo - apple + +# nouns-body-parts + +kapo - head {kapf (German)} +okulo - eye {oculist} +boko+ - mouth ~ busho* [I: thicket] +orelo - ear +nazo - nose {nasal} +korpo - body {corpus, corporeal, corpse} +kolo - neck +shultro - shoulder +brakio+ - arm {brachial, brachiating} ~ brako+ +manuo+ - hand {manual} ~ mano+ +fingro - finger +gambo - leg +genuo - knee {genuflect} +pedo+ - foot {pedestrian} ~ piedo+ +pedfingro - toe + +# phrases + +Danko! - Thank you! +Nedankinde! - You're welcome! (It is not worth thanking for) + + +# suffixes + +-ey- - place hundeyo - doghouse diff --git a/Ido Course/vocab/Lesson 4 vocab.txt b/Ido Course/vocab/Lesson 4 vocab.txt index 7addbfc..e814da5 100644 --- a/Ido Course/vocab/Lesson 4 vocab.txt +++ b/Ido Course/vocab/Lesson 4 vocab.txt @@ -8,12 +8,10 @@ de - from (not: since, by, of/possession) # verbs havas - have/has -amas - loves facas+ - does or makes volas - wants kisas - kisses koquas+ - cooks ~ kuiras+ -manjas - eats dicas+ - says, tells ~ diras+ vidas - sees @@ -61,7 +59,6 @@ se - if # nouns linguo+ - language {lingual} ~ lingvo+ -pomo - apple # nouns-body-parts diff --git a/Ido Course/vocab/Lesson 5 vocab - has marks - save for counting.txt b/Ido Course/vocab/Lesson 5 vocab - has marks - save for counting.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..5cca83b --- /dev/null +++ b/Ido Course/vocab/Lesson 5 vocab - has marks - save for counting.txt @@ -0,0 +1,46 @@ +# prepositions + +che - at +en - in +pri - about +por - for (for what purpose) +sub - under, below +dum - during (while, as a conjunction) +kun - with +sen - without +ante+ - before (in time) {ante meridiem "AM"} ~ antau+ +pos+ - after (in time) {post meridiem "PM"} ~ post+ +avan+ - in front of (before, in space) ~ antau+ +dop+ - behind (after, in space) ~ post+ +super - over, above +apud - beside +tra - through +cirkum+ - around ~ chirkau+ +ek - out of +exter - outside +lor+ - on (at the time of) ~ ye +ye - a non-specific preposition, or at (time), on (date) +per - by (by means of) + +# verbs + +skribar - to write +pregar - to pray +povar - to be able (can, if present tense) +devar - to ought (obligation - you ought to repay me) +mustar+ - to must (necessity - you must eat) ~ devas +ridar - to laugh +kantar - to sing +portar - to carry +lektar+ - to read {dyslexia} ~ legas+ +lernar - to learn +instruktar+ - to teach ~ instruas+ +pensar - to think {pensive} + +# nouns + +studento - student + +# suffixes + +-et- - much smaller dometo - cottage diff --git a/Ido Course/vocab/Lesson 6 vocab - has marks - save for counting.txt b/Ido Course/vocab/Lesson 6 vocab - has marks - save for counting.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..40d622a --- /dev/null +++ b/Ido Course/vocab/Lesson 6 vocab - has marks - save for counting.txt @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +# personal-pronouns + +****************************** merge with originals +min - me (object of verb) +vin - you (singular) (object of verb) +lin - him (object of verb) +ŝin - her (object of verb) +ĝin - it (object of verb) +nin - us (object of verb) +vin - you (plural) (object of verb) +ilin - them (object of verb) +onin - one (object of verb) + +# grammatical-endings + +-n - object (only when the object precedes the subject) + + +# suffixes + +-eg- - much larger dentego - tusk diff --git a/Ido Course/vocab/Lesson 7 vocab - has marks - save for counting.txt b/Ido Course/vocab/Lesson 7 vocab - has marks - save for counting.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d99b8f6 --- /dev/null +++ b/Ido Course/vocab/Lesson 7 vocab - has marks - save for counting.txt @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +# particles + +ne - not, does not (applied to verbs) +no* (opposite of yes) - no ~ ne+ + +# nouns + +dento - tooth +urbo - city + +# adjectives + +**** yuno - a youth ---- look in grammar for using adj as a noun + +# suffixes + +-er-* - person who does the action kurero - runner ~ -ul* +-ist- - profession of person instruktisto - teacher diff --git a/Ido Course/vocab/cellar/Lesson 1 vocab - has marks - save for counting.txt b/Ido Course/vocab/cellar/Lesson 1 vocab - has marks - save for counting.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..be235fa --- /dev/null +++ b/Ido Course/vocab/cellar/Lesson 1 vocab - has marks - save for counting.txt @@ -0,0 +1,34 @@ +# numbers + +zero+ - zero ~ nul+ +un+ - one {unity, union, unify} ~ unu* I: one (person) +du - two {duet} +tri - three {tricycle, triad} +quar+ - four ~ kvar+ {quartet} +kin+ - five ~ kvin+ {quintuplet} +sis+ - six ~ ses+ +sep - seven +ok - eight {octagon} +non+ - nine ~ nau+ +dek - ten {decimal} +cent - hundred +mil - thousand + +# articles + +la - the + +# adjectives-colors + +reda+ - red ~ ruja+ +blua - blue +verda - green +flava - yellow +oranjea+ - orange ~ oranjkolora +purpura - purple +blanka - white +nigra - black +griza - gray +bruna - brown +orea+ - gold ~ ora* [I: made of gold] +arjentea+ - silver ~ arjenta* [I: made of silver] diff --git a/Ido Course/vocab/cellar/Lesson 2 vocab - has marks - save for counting.txt b/Ido Course/vocab/cellar/Lesson 2 vocab - has marks - save for counting.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..971cdf2 --- /dev/null +++ b/Ido Course/vocab/cellar/Lesson 2 vocab - has marks - save for counting.txt @@ -0,0 +1,93 @@ +# nouns + +domo - house +arboro+ - tree ~ arbo+ +amiko - friend +libro - book + +# nouns-family + +frato* - sibling ~ gefrato +fratulo+ - brother {fraternal} ~ frato* +fratino - sister + +filio* - son/daughter/offspring ~ ido+ +filiulo+ - son ~ filo* I: thread +filiino* - daughter + +avo* - grandparent +avulo* - grandfather ~ avo* +avino - grandmother + +genitoro+ - parent ~ gepatro+ +patro - father +matro+ - mother ~ patrino+ + +viro - man {virile} +muliero+ - woman ~ virino+ + +puero+ - child (8 - 15 years) ~ geknabo+ +puerulo - boy (8 - 15 years) ~ knabo+ +puerino - girl (8 - 15 years) ~ knabino+ + +# nouns-animals + +kato - cat +hundo - dog +ucelo+ - bird ~ birdo+ + +# adjectives + +bela - beautiful +bona - good +yuna - young +felica - happy + +# personal-pronouns + +me+ - I/me ~ mi+ +vu+ - you (singular) ~ vi* +ilu+ - he/him ~ li* I: they +elu+ - she/her ~ shi+ +olu+ - it ~ ji+ + +ni - we/us +vi - you (plural) +li* - they/them ~ ili* I: they (masc) + +onu+ - one {one sometimes does the right thing} ~ oni+ + +# verbs + +esas+ - is, am, are ~ estas+ +marchas+ - walks ~ marsas +standas+ - fares ~ fartas+ +sidas - sits +stacas+ - stands ~ staras+ +iras - goes +venas - comes +dormas - sleeps +parolas - speaks +laboras - works +esperas - hopes +kuras - runs +vivas - lives +brilas - shines + +# grammatical-endings + +-a - adjective +-o - noun +-as - present tense (verb) + +# phrases + +Saluto! - Hello! +Quale vu standas?+ - How are you? ~ Kiel vi fartas?+ +Me standas bone.+ - I am well. ~ Mi fartas bone.+ +Bonveno! - Welcome! + +# suffixes + +-ul* - male fratulo - brother ~ -ich+ +-in - female fratino - sister diff --git a/Ido Course/vocab/rawmaterial.txt b/Ido Course/vocab/rawmaterial.txt index 51a5960..8e6aa01 100644 --- a/Ido Course/vocab/rawmaterial.txt +++ b/Ido Course/vocab/rawmaterial.txt @@ -8,6 +8,10 @@ Ido tu - you (singular intimate) vu is polite +ilu - he/him + +elu - she/her + +olu - it + + il/ilu - he/him el/elu - she/her ol/olu - it diff --git a/index.html b/index.html index 244e16b..367b705 100644 --- a/index.html +++ b/index.html @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@

      index

      Gandalfas' Home Page

      -

      Esperanto Course

      +

      Esperanto Course

      Ido Course