development

Getting Started

Prerequisites

In order to start developing you need to satisfy the following prerequisites:

• Docker
• docker-compose
• user added to docker group

It is recommended you allocate at least 4GB of RAM to docker:

• Instructions for Windows
• Instructions for macOS

Bootstrap Containers for development

Clone and change directory to frappe_docker directory

git clone https://github.com/frappe/frappe_docker.git
cd frappe_docker

Copy example devcontainer config from devcontainer-example to .devcontainer

cp -R devcontainer-example .devcontainer

Use VSCode Remote Containers extension

For most people getting started with Frappe development, the best solution is to use VSCode Remote - Containers extension.

Before opening the folder in container, determine the database that you want to use. The default is MariaDB. If you want to use PostgreSQL instead, edit .devcontainer/docker-compose.yml and uncomment the section for postgresql service, and you may also want to comment mariadb as well.

VSCode should automatically inquire you to install the required extensions, that can also be installed manually as follows:

• Install Remote - Containers for VSCode
  • through command line code --install-extension ms-vscode-remote.remote-containers
  • clicking on the Install button in the Vistual Studio Marketplace: Remote - Containers
  • View: Extensions command in VSCode (Windows: Ctrl+Shift+X; macOS: Cmd+Shift+X) then search for extension ms-vscode-remote.remote-containers

After the extensions are installed, you can:

• Open frappe_docker folder in VS Code.
  • code .
• Launch the command, from Command Palette (Ctrl + Shift + P) Execute Remote Containers : Reopen in Container. You can also click in the bottom left corner to access the remote container menu.

Notes:

• The development directory is ignored by git. It is mounted and available inside the container. Create all your benches (installations of bench, the tool that manages frappe) inside this directory.
• nvm with node v12 and v10 is installed. Check with nvm ls. Node v12 is used by default.

Setup first bench

Run the following commands in the terminal inside the container. You might need to create a new terminal in VSCode.

bench init --skip-redis-config-generation --frappe-branch version-12 frappe-bench
cd frappe-bench

Setup hosts

We need to tell bench to use the right containers instead of localhost. Run the following commands inside the container:

bench set-mariadb-host mariadb
bench set-redis-cache-host redis-cache:6379
bench set-redis-queue-host redis-queue:6379
bench set-redis-socketio-host redis-socketio:6379

Edit Honcho's Procfile

Note : With the option '--skip-redis-config-generation' during bench init, these actions are no more needed. But at least, take a look to ProcFile to see what going on when bench launch honcho on start command

Honcho is the tool used by Bench to manage all the processes Frappe requires. Usually, these all run in localhost, but in this case, we have external containers for Redis. For this reason, we have to stop Honcho from trying to start Redis processes.

Open the Procfile file and remove the three lines containing the configuration from Redis, either by editing manually the file:

code Procfile

Or running the following command:

sed -i '/redis/d' ./Procfile

Create a new site with bench

You can create a new site with the following command:

bench new-site sitename --no-mariadb-socket

sitename MUST end with .localhost for trying deployments locally.

for example:

bench new-site mysite.localhost --no-mariadb-socket

The same command can be run non-interactively as well:

bench new-site mysite.localhost --mariadb-root-password 123 --admin-password admin --no-mariadb-socket

The command will ask the MariaDB root password. The default root password is 123. This will create a new site and a mysite.localhost directory under frappe-bench/sites. The option --no-mariadb-socket will configure site's database credentials to work with docker. You may need to configure your system /etc/hosts if you're on Linux, Mac, or its Windows equivalent.

To setup site with PostgreSQL as database use option --db-type postgres and --db-host postgresql. (Available only v12 onwards, currently NOT available for ERPNext).

Example:

bench new-site mypgsql.localhost --db-type postgres --db-host postgresql

To avoid entering postgresql username and root password, set it in common_site_config.json,

bench config set-common-config -c root_login postgres
bench config set-common-config -c root_password '"123"'

Note: If PostgreSQL is not required, the postgresql service / container can be stopped.

Set bench developer mode on the new site

To develop a new app, the last step will be setting the site into developer mode. Documentation is available at this link.

bench --site mysite.localhost set-config developer_mode 1
bench --site mysite.localhost clear-cache

Install an app

To install an app we need to fetch it from the appropriate git repo, then install in on the appropriate site:

You can check VSCode container remote extension documentation regarding git credential sharing.

To install custom app

# --branch is optional, use it to point to branch on custom app repository
bench get-app --branch version-12 myapp https://github.com/myusername/myapp.git
bench --site mysite.localhost install-app myapp

To install ERPNext (from the version-12 branch):

bench get-app --branch version-12 erpnext https://github.com/frappe/erpnext.git
bench --site mysite.localhost install-app erpnext

Note: Both frappe and erpnext must be on branch with same name. e.g. version-12

Start Frappe without debugging

Execute following command from the frappe-bench directory.

bench start

You can now login with user Administrator and the password you choose when creating the site. Your website will now be accessible at location mysite.localhost:8000 Note: To start bench with debugger refer section for debugging.

Start Frappe with Visual Studio Code Python Debugging

To enable Python debugging inside Visual Studio Code, you must first install the ms-python.python extension inside the container. This should have already happened automatically, but depending on your VSCode config, you can force it by:

• Click on the extension icon inside VSCode
• Search ms-python.python
• Click on Install on Dev Container: Frappe Bench
• Click on 'Reload'

We need to start bench separately through the VSCode debugger. For this reason, instead of running bench start you should run the following command inside the frappe-bench directory:

honcho start \
    socketio \
    watch \
    schedule \
    worker_short \
    worker_long \
    worker_default

Alternatively you can use the VSCode launch configuration "Honcho SocketIO Watch Schedule Worker" which launches the same command as above.

This command starts all processes with the exception of Redis (which is already running in separate container) and the web process. The latter can can finally be started from the debugger tab of VSCode by clicking on the "play" button.

You can now login with user Administrator and the password you choose when creating the site, if you followed this guide's unattended install that password is going to be admin.

To debug workers, skip starting worker with honcho and start it with VSCode debugger.

Developing using the interactive console

You can launch a simple interactive shell console in the terminal with:

bench --site mysite.localhost console

More likely, you may want to launch VSCode interactive console based on Jupyter kernel.

Launch VSCode command palette (cmd+shift+p or ctrl+shift+p), run the command Python: Select interpreter to start Jupyter server and select /workspace/development/frappe-bench/env/bin/python.

The first step is installing and updating the required software. Usually the frappe framework may require an older version of Jupyter, while VSCode likes to move fast, this can cause issues. For this reason we need to run the following command.

/workspace/development/frappe-bench/env/bin/python -m pip install --upgrade jupyter ipykernel ipython

Then, run the commmand Python: Show Python interactive window from the VSCode command palette.

Replace mysite.localhost with your site and run the following code in a Jupyter cell:

import frappe
frappe.init(site='mysite.localhost', sites_path='/workspace/development/frappe-bench/sites')
frappe.connect()
frappe.local.lang = frappe.db.get_default('lang')
frappe.db.connect()

The first command can take a few seconds to be executed, this is to be expected.

Fixing MariaDB issues after rebuilding the container

For any reason after rebuilding the container if you are not be able to access MariaDB correctly with the previous configuration. Follow these instructions.

The parameter 'db_name'@'%' needs to be set in MariaDB and permission to the site database suitably assigned to the user.

This step has to be repeated for all sites available under the current bench. Example shows the queries to be executed for site localhost

Open sites/localhost/site_config.json:

code sites/localhost/site_config.json

and take note of the parameters db_name and db_password.

Enter MariaDB Interactive shell:

mysql -uroot -p123 -hmariadb

Execute following queries replacing db_name and db_password with the values found in site_config.json.

UPDATE mysql.user SET Host = '%' where User = 'db_name'; FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
SET PASSWORD FOR 'db_name'@'%' = PASSWORD('db_password'); FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON `db_name`.* TO 'db_name'@'%'; FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
EXIT;

Manually start containers

In case you don't use VSCode, you may start the containers manually with the following command:

Running the containers

docker-compose -f .devcontainer/docker-compose.yml up -d

And enter the interactive shell for the development container with the following command:

docker exec -e "TERM=xterm-256color" -w /workspace/development -it devcontainer_frappe_1 bash