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Instructors

Gabriel Singer, Lauren Talluto, Thomas Fuß

Course description

This course covers various univariate and multivariate statistical analyses appropriate for common applied problems in ecology. We discuss the theoretical foundations of the analyses, assumptions, applications. We also introduce data preparation and visualisation. Via worked examples, students learn to perform analyses in R, as well as in Canoco (for some multivariate analyses).

Learning objectives

Following the course, students should be able to:

  • Describe common univariate statistical tests, including the hypotheses tested and assumptions required.
  • Implement tests in R, including reading and preparing data.
  • Interpret the output of tests, draw conclusions in terms of the ecological hypotheses being tested, and describe the results in plain language.
  • Use visualisation tools in R for exploratory analysis and final presentation.
  • Decide when the structure of the data requires multivariate analysis, and choose an appropriate method.
  • Apply multivariate statistics in R.
  • Interpret (with the help of visualisation) multivariate analyses in terms of the original variables.

Assessment

Students will be graded based on their participation during the exercise sessions (40%) and on completion of three protocols (one per unit, 20% each, total of 60%). These protocols can be completed individually or in small groups (max. 3 students per group) and will be due on 14 February 2025. Details about the assignments and expectations will be provided on the first day of class.

Note that attendence is mandatory.

Student files

You can get student files for the course, as well as instructions for setting up your workspace, at the student github repository

Course Outline

Topics Exercises (in-class) Protocol

Unit 1

Talluto

Day 1

G0: 13.01 14:30–18:45, RR18

G1: 16.01 8:00–11:45, RR18

The Basics

Introduction to R

Populations, samples

Descriptive statistics

Exercises 1

Protocol 1

Day 2

G0: 14.01 8:00–11:45, RR20

G1: 17.01 12:00–15:15, RR18

Univariate statistics

Confidence intervals

Significance tests

Type I and II errors

Day 3

G0: 15.01 8:00–11:45, RR18

G1: 20.01 13:45–18:30, RR18

The Basics part II

Data structures

Visualisation

Association and Correlation

Unit 2

Singer

Day 4

G0: 22.01 13:45–17:30, RR18

G1: 23.01 8:00–11:45, RR18

Linear Models I

Linear regression

Exercises 2.1

Protocol 2

Day 5

G0: 23.01 13:45–18:00, RR18

G1: 24.01 14:30–18:45, RR19

Linear Models II

Multiple linear regression

Model selection

Exercises 2.2

Day 6

G0: 24.01 8:00–11:45, SRB

G1: 27.01 8:00–11:45, RR18

Analysis of Variance

ANOVA

ANCOVA

Nonparametric location tests

Exercises 2.3

Unit 3

Fuß

Day 7

G0: 27.01 9:00–13:15, SRB

G1: 29.01 13:00–17:15, RR21

Multivariate Stats I

Principle components analysis (PCA)

Redundancy analysis (RDA)

Exercises 3.1

Protocol 3

Day 8

G0: 28.01 8:00–11:45, RR20

G1: 30.01 8:00–11:45, RR18

Multivariate Stats II

RDA continued

Permutation tests

Exercises 3.2

Day 9

G0: 29.01 8:00–11:45, RR21

G1: 31.01 8:00–11:45, RR18

Multivariate Stats III

Nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMDS)

Exercises 3.3

Meeting locations

Rechneraum 18, Architekturgebäude UG (RR18)

Rechneraum 19, Architekturgebäude UG (RR19)

Rechneraum 20, Architekturgebäude UG (RR20)

Rechneraum 21, Architekturgebäude UG (RR21)

Seminarraum Biologie, EG, Technikerstr. 25 (SRB)