From c679c942c84d5c5383db222e08d9d035caf6eeef Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Saul Shanabrook <s.shanabrook@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 29 Oct 2024 14:17:46 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 1/9] Add function pretty tests

---
 python/tests/test_pretty.py | 16 ++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 16 insertions(+)

diff --git a/python/tests/test_pretty.py b/python/tests/test_pretty.py
index b6217ea4..96fdf4ba 100644
--- a/python/tests/test_pretty.py
+++ b/python/tests/test_pretty.py
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from copy import copy
+from functools import partial
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, ClassVar
 
 import pytest
@@ -9,6 +10,8 @@
 from egglog import *
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from collections.abc import Callable
+
     from egglog.runtime import RuntimeExpr
 
 
@@ -49,6 +52,14 @@ def p() -> i64: ...
 def has_default(x: A = A()) -> A: ...
 
 
+@function
+def higher_order(x: Callable[[A], A]) -> A: ...
+
+
+@function
+def binary(x: A, y: A) -> A: ...
+
+
 del_a = A()
 del del_a[g()]
 
@@ -141,6 +152,11 @@ def my_very_long_function_name() -> A: ...
     # Functions
     pytest.param(f, "f", id="function"),
     pytest.param(A().method, "A().method", id="method"),
+    # lambda
+    pytest.param(higher_order(lambda x: A() + x), "higher_order(lambda x: A() + x)", id="lambda"),
+    # partial
+    pytest.param(higher_order(partial(binary, A())), "higher_order(partial(binary, A()))", id="partial"),
+    pytest.param(higher_order(lambda x: f(b)), "higher_order(lambda x: f(b))", id="partial-lambda"),
 ]
 
 

From f2796bae92aef09677a964a8fe0cf873e0117183 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Saul Shanabrook <s.shanabrook@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 29 Oct 2024 14:18:22 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 2/9] Fix prettifying some functions

---
 docs/changelog.md       |  2 ++
 python/egglog/pretty.py | 24 +++++++++---------------
 2 files changed, 11 insertions(+), 15 deletions(-)

diff --git a/docs/changelog.md b/docs/changelog.md
index caac3404..1c36a771 100644
--- a/docs/changelog.md
+++ b/docs/changelog.md
@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@ _This project uses semantic versioning_
 
 ## UNRELEASED
 
+- Fix pretty printing of lambda functions
+
 ## 8.0.1 (2024-10-24)
 
 - Upgrade dependencies including [egglog](https://github.com/egraphs-good/egglog/compare/saulshanabrook:egg-smol:a555b2f5e82c684442775cc1a5da94b71930113c...b0db06832264c9b22694bd3de2bdacd55bbe9e32)
diff --git a/python/egglog/pretty.py b/python/egglog/pretty.py
index 6b6db444..4e44e348 100644
--- a/python/egglog/pretty.py
+++ b/python/egglog/pretty.py
@@ -115,11 +115,7 @@ def pretty_callable_ref(
     # Either returns a function or a function with args. If args are provided, they would just be called,
     # on the function, so return them, because they are dummies
     if isinstance(res, tuple):
-        name = res[0]
-        # if this is an unnamed function, return it but don't partially apply any args
-        if isinstance(name, UnnamedFunctionRef):
-            return context._pretty_function_body(name, [])
-        return name
+        return res[0]
     return res
 
 
@@ -256,7 +252,7 @@ def uncached(self, decl: AllDecls, *, unwrap_lit: bool, parens: bool, ruleset_na
             case CallDecl(_, _, _):
                 return self._call(decl, parens)
             case PartialCallDecl(CallDecl(ref, typed_args, _)):
-                return self._pretty_partial(ref, [a.expr for a in typed_args]), "fn"
+                return self._pretty_partial(ref, [a.expr for a in typed_args], parens), "fn"
             case PyObjectDecl(value):
                 return repr(value) if unwrap_lit else f"PyObject({value!r})", "PyObject"
             case ActionCommandDecl(action):
@@ -368,11 +364,7 @@ def _call(
             expr_name = None
         res = self._call_inner(ref, args, decl.bound_tp_params, parens)
         expr = (
-            (
-                f"{name}({', '.join(self(a, parens=False, unwrap_lit=True) for a in res[1])})"
-                if isinstance((name := res[0]), str)
-                else ((called := self._pretty_function_body(name, res[1])) if not parens else f"({called})")
-            )
+            (f"{res[0]}({', '.join(self(a, parens=False, unwrap_lit=True) for a in res[1])})")
             if isinstance(res, tuple)
             else res
         )
@@ -388,7 +380,7 @@ def _call_inner(  # noqa: C901, PLR0911, PLR0912
         args: list[ExprDecl],
         bound_tp_params: tuple[JustTypeRef, ...] | None,
         parens: bool,
-    ) -> tuple[str | UnnamedFunctionRef, list[ExprDecl]] | str:
+    ) -> tuple[str, list[ExprDecl]] | str:
         """
         Pretty print the call, returning either the full function call or a tuple of the function and the args.
         """
@@ -428,7 +420,8 @@ def _call_inner(  # noqa: C901, PLR0911, PLR0912
                 tp_ref = JustTypeRef(class_name, bound_tp_params or ())
                 return str(tp_ref), args
             case UnnamedFunctionRef():
-                return ref, args
+                expr = self._pretty_function_body(ref, [])
+                return f"({expr})", args
         assert_never(ref)
 
     def _generate_name(self, typ: str) -> str:
@@ -449,7 +442,7 @@ def _name_expr(self, tp_name: str, expr_str: str, copy_identifier: bool) -> str:
             self.statements.append(f"{name} = {expr_str}")
         return name
 
-    def _pretty_partial(self, ref: CallableRef, args: list[ExprDecl]) -> str:
+    def _pretty_partial(self, ref: CallableRef, args: list[ExprDecl], parens: bool) -> str:
         """
         Returns a partial function call as a string.
         """
@@ -457,7 +450,8 @@ def _pretty_partial(self, ref: CallableRef, args: list[ExprDecl]) -> str:
             case FunctionRef(name):
                 fn = name
             case UnnamedFunctionRef():
-                return self._pretty_function_body(ref, args)
+                res = self._pretty_function_body(ref, args)
+                return f"({res})" if parens else res
             case (
                 ClassMethodRef(class_name, method_name)
                 | MethodRef(class_name, method_name)

From abe1c973a8ed01ba6d5985d098a539b700dc5ef7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Saul Shanabrook <s.shanabrook@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 29 Oct 2024 14:19:08 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 3/9] Add jupyterlab as dev dep

---
 pyproject.toml | 9 ++++++++-
 1 file changed, 8 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/pyproject.toml b/pyproject.toml
index 69955f70..f3670e8c 100644
--- a/pyproject.toml
+++ b/pyproject.toml
@@ -35,7 +35,14 @@ array = [
     "numba==0.59.1",
     "llvmlite==0.42.0",
 ]
-dev = ["ruff", "pre-commit", "mypy", "anywidget[dev]", "egglog[docs,test]"]
+dev = [
+    "ruff",
+    "pre-commit",
+    "mypy",
+    "anywidget[dev]",
+    "egglog[docs,test]",
+    "jupyterlab",
+]
 
 test = [
     "pytest",

From e9da7697193159239af33253c2fdcb8c2db55ca2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Saul Shanabrook <s.shanabrook@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 29 Oct 2024 14:19:26 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 4/9] Fix instructions on how to recompile code

---
 docs/reference/contributing.md | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/docs/reference/contributing.md b/docs/reference/contributing.md
index 2848053b..e8b61bc9 100644
--- a/docs/reference/contributing.md
+++ b/docs/reference/contributing.md
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ Then install the package in editable mode with the development dependencies:
 uv sync --all-extras
 ```
 
-Anytime you change the rust code, you can run `uv sync` to recompile the rust code.
+Anytime you change the rust code, you can run `uv sync --reinstall-package egglog --all-extras` to force recompiling the rust code.
 
 If you would like to download a new version of the visualizer source, run `make clean; make`. This will download
 the most recent released version from the github actions artifact in the [egraph-visualizer](https://github.com/egraphs-good/egraph-visualizer) repo. It is checked in because it's a pain to get cargo to include only one git ignored file while ignoring the rest of the files that were ignored.

From 7a8a8bcd90b62fc2802c850ba7a3a7a6b92178b4 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Saul Shanabrook <s.shanabrook@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 29 Oct 2024 14:21:12 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 5/9] Catch panics when trying to eval

---
 python/egglog/exp/array_api.py | 8 ++++----
 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/python/egglog/exp/array_api.py b/python/egglog/exp/array_api.py
index d494746b..42573f16 100644
--- a/python/egglog/exp/array_api.py
+++ b/python/egglog/exp/array_api.py
@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@
 import numpy as np
 
 from egglog import *
-from egglog.bindings import EggSmolError
 from egglog.runtime import RuntimeExpr
 
 from .program_gen import *
@@ -1539,13 +1538,14 @@ def try_evaling(expr: Expr, prim_expr: i64 | Bool) -> int | bool:
     egraph.run(array_api_schedule)
     try:
         extracted = egraph.extract(prim_expr)
-    except EggSmolError as exc:
+    # Catch base exceptions so that we catch rust panics which happen when trying to extract subsumed nodes
+    except BaseException as exc:
+        egraph.display(n_inline_leaves=1, split_primitive_outputs=True)
         # Try giving some context, by showing the smallest version of the larger expression
         try:
             expr_extracted = egraph.extract(expr)
-        except EggSmolError as inner_exc:
+        except BaseException as inner_exc:
             raise ValueError(f"Cannot simplify {expr}") from inner_exc
-        egraph.display(n_inline_leaves=1, split_primitive_outputs=True)
         msg = f"Cannot simplify to primitive {expr_extracted}"
         raise ValueError(msg) from exc
     return egraph.eval(extracted)

From 9757726e1919ef2494bcecfb33c1e0861f4286cd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Saul Shanabrook <s.shanabrook@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 29 Oct 2024 14:22:59 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 6/9] Support subsumption in defaults

---
 docs/changelog.md                       |  1 +
 python/egglog/declarations.py           |  1 +
 python/egglog/egraph.py                 | 76 +++++++++++++++++++------
 python/egglog/egraph_state.py           |  4 +-
 python/egglog/exp/array_api.py          | 13 +++--
 python/egglog/exp/array_api_loopnest.py | 28 ++++-----
 python/egglog/exp/array_api_numba.py    |  2 +-
 7 files changed, 87 insertions(+), 38 deletions(-)

diff --git a/docs/changelog.md b/docs/changelog.md
index 1c36a771..2d1ccf1b 100644
--- a/docs/changelog.md
+++ b/docs/changelog.md
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ _This project uses semantic versioning_
 ## UNRELEASED
 
 - Fix pretty printing of lambda functions
+- Add support for subsuming rewrite generated by default function and method definitions
 
 ## 8.0.1 (2024-10-24)
 
diff --git a/python/egglog/declarations.py b/python/egglog/declarations.py
index e060f9a1..86ad479f 100644
--- a/python/egglog/declarations.py
+++ b/python/egglog/declarations.py
@@ -764,6 +764,7 @@ class RuleDecl:
 class DefaultRewriteDecl:
     ref: CallableRef
     expr: ExprDecl
+    subsume: bool
 
 
 RewriteOrRuleDecl: TypeAlias = RewriteDecl | BiRewriteDecl | RuleDecl | DefaultRewriteDecl
diff --git a/python/egglog/egraph.py b/python/egglog/egraph.py
index 097835c8..75d21ec4 100644
--- a/python/egglog/egraph.py
+++ b/python/egglog/egraph.py
@@ -269,7 +269,7 @@ def method(
         unextractable: bool = False,
     ) -> Callable[[Callable[P, EXPR]], Callable[P, EXPR]]:
         return lambda fn: _WrappedMethod(
-            egg_fn, cost, default, merge, on_merge, fn, preserve, mutates_self, unextractable
+            egg_fn, cost, default, merge, on_merge, fn, preserve, mutates_self, unextractable, False
         )
 
     @overload
@@ -404,6 +404,7 @@ def method(
     on_merge: Callable[[Any, Any], Iterable[ActionLike]] | None = None,
     mutates_self: bool = False,
     unextractable: bool = False,
+    subsume: bool = False,
 ) -> Callable[[CALLABLE], CALLABLE]: ...
 
 
@@ -417,6 +418,7 @@ def method(
     on_merge: Callable[[EXPR, EXPR], Iterable[ActionLike]] | None = None,
     mutates_self: bool = False,
     unextractable: bool = False,
+    subsume: bool = False,
 ) -> Callable[[Callable[P, EXPR]], Callable[P, EXPR]]: ...
 
 
@@ -430,11 +432,14 @@ def method(
     preserve: bool = False,
     mutates_self: bool = False,
     unextractable: bool = False,
+    subsume: bool = False,
 ) -> Callable[[Callable[P, EXPR]], Callable[P, EXPR]]:
     """
     Any method can be decorated with this to customize it's behavior. This is only supported in classes which subclass :class:`Expr`.
     """
-    return lambda fn: _WrappedMethod(egg_fn, cost, default, merge, on_merge, fn, preserve, mutates_self, unextractable)
+    return lambda fn: _WrappedMethod(
+        egg_fn, cost, default, merge, on_merge, fn, preserve, mutates_self, unextractable, subsume
+    )
 
 
 class _ExprMetaclass(type):
@@ -519,7 +524,9 @@ def _generate_class_decls(  # noqa: C901,PLR0912
             (inner_tp,) = v.__args__
             type_ref = resolve_type_annotation(decls, inner_tp)
             cls_decl.class_variables[k] = ConstantDecl(type_ref.to_just())
-            _add_default_rewrite(decls, ClassVariableRef(cls_name, k), type_ref, namespace.pop(k, None), ruleset)
+            _add_default_rewrite(
+                decls, ClassVariableRef(cls_name, k), type_ref, namespace.pop(k, None), ruleset, subsume=False
+            )
         else:
             msg = f"On class {cls_name}, for attribute '{k}', expected a ClassVar, but got {v}"
             raise NotImplementedError(msg)
@@ -542,12 +549,12 @@ def _generate_class_decls(  # noqa: C901,PLR0912
         if is_init and cls_name in LIT_CLASS_NAMES:
             continue
         match method:
-            case _WrappedMethod(egg_fn, cost, default, merge, on_merge, fn, preserve, mutates, unextractable):
+            case _WrappedMethod(egg_fn, cost, default, merge, on_merge, fn, preserve, mutates, unextractable, subsume):
                 pass
             case _:
                 egg_fn, cost, default, merge, on_merge = None, None, None, None, None
                 fn = method
-                unextractable, preserve = False, False
+                unextractable, preserve, subsume = False, False, False
                 mutates = method_name in ALWAYS_MUTATES_SELF
         if preserve:
             cls_decl.preserved_methods[method_name] = fn
@@ -572,7 +579,20 @@ def _generate_class_decls(  # noqa: C901,PLR0912
             continue
 
         _, add_rewrite = _fn_decl(
-            decls, egg_fn, ref, fn, locals, default, cost, merge, on_merge, mutates, builtin, ruleset, unextractable
+            decls,
+            egg_fn,
+            ref,
+            fn,
+            locals,
+            default,
+            cost,
+            merge,
+            on_merge,
+            mutates,
+            builtin,
+            ruleset=ruleset,
+            unextractable=unextractable,
+            subsume=subsume,
         )
 
         if not builtin and not isinstance(ref, InitRef) and not mutates:
@@ -602,6 +622,7 @@ def function(
     builtin: bool = False,
     ruleset: Ruleset | None = None,
     use_body_as_name: bool = False,
+    subsume: bool = False,
 ) -> Callable[[CALLABLE], CALLABLE]: ...
 
 
@@ -617,6 +638,7 @@ def function(
     unextractable: bool = False,
     ruleset: Ruleset | None = None,
     use_body_as_name: bool = False,
+    subsume: bool = False,
 ) -> Callable[[Callable[P, EXPR]], Callable[P, EXPR]]: ...
 
 
@@ -649,6 +671,7 @@ class _FunctionConstructor:
     unextractable: bool = False
     ruleset: Ruleset | None = None
     use_body_as_name: bool = False
+    subsume: bool = False
 
     def __call__(self, fn: Callable[..., RuntimeExpr]) -> RuntimeFunction:
         return RuntimeFunction(*split_thunk(Thunk.fn(self.create_decls, fn)))
@@ -668,7 +691,8 @@ def create_decls(self, fn: Callable[..., RuntimeExpr]) -> tuple[Declarations, Ca
             self.on_merge,
             self.mutates_first_arg,
             self.builtin,
-            self.ruleset,
+            ruleset=self.ruleset,
+            subsume=self.subsume,
             unextractable=self.unextractable,
         )
         add_rewrite()
@@ -690,6 +714,7 @@ def _fn_decl(
     on_merge: Callable[[RuntimeExpr, RuntimeExpr], Iterable[ActionLike]] | None,
     mutates_first_arg: bool,
     is_builtin: bool,
+    subsume: bool,
     ruleset: Ruleset | None = None,
     unextractable: bool = False,
 ) -> tuple[CallableRef, Callable[[], None]]:
@@ -804,7 +829,7 @@ def _fn_decl(
         res_ref = ref
         decls.set_function_decl(ref, decl)
         res_thunk = Thunk.fn(_create_default_value, decls, ref, fn, args, ruleset)
-    return res_ref, Thunk.fn(_add_default_rewrite_function, decls, res_ref, return_type, ruleset, res_thunk)
+    return res_ref, Thunk.fn(_add_default_rewrite_function, decls, res_ref, return_type, ruleset, res_thunk, subsume)
 
 
 # Overload to support aritys 0-4 until variadic generic support map, so we can map from type to value
@@ -871,7 +896,7 @@ def _constant_thunk(
     type_ref = resolve_type_annotation(decls, tp)
     callable_ref = ConstantRef(name)
     decls._constants[name] = ConstantDecl(type_ref.to_just(), egg_name)
-    _add_default_rewrite(decls, callable_ref, type_ref, default_replacement, ruleset)
+    _add_default_rewrite(decls, callable_ref, type_ref, default_replacement, ruleset, subsume=False)
     return decls, TypedExprDecl(type_ref.to_just(), CallDecl(callable_ref))
 
 
@@ -898,15 +923,21 @@ def _add_default_rewrite_function(
     res_type: TypeOrVarRef,
     ruleset: Ruleset | None,
     value_thunk: Callable[[], object],
+    subsume: bool,
 ) -> None:
     """
     Helper functions that resolves a value thunk to create the default value.
     """
-    _add_default_rewrite(decls, ref, res_type, value_thunk(), ruleset)
+    _add_default_rewrite(decls, ref, res_type, value_thunk(), ruleset, subsume)
 
 
 def _add_default_rewrite(
-    decls: Declarations, ref: CallableRef, type_ref: TypeOrVarRef, default_rewrite: object, ruleset: Ruleset | None
+    decls: Declarations,
+    ref: CallableRef,
+    type_ref: TypeOrVarRef,
+    default_rewrite: object,
+    ruleset: Ruleset | None,
+    subsume: bool,
 ) -> None:
     """
     Adds a default rewrite for the callable, if the default rewrite is not None
@@ -916,7 +947,7 @@ def _add_default_rewrite(
     if default_rewrite is None:
         return
     resolved_value = resolve_literal(type_ref, default_rewrite, Thunk.value(decls))
-    rewrite_decl = DefaultRewriteDecl(ref, resolved_value.__egg_typed_expr__.expr)
+    rewrite_decl = DefaultRewriteDecl(ref, resolved_value.__egg_typed_expr__.expr, subsume)
     if ruleset:
         ruleset_decls = ruleset._current_egg_decls
         ruleset_decl = ruleset.__egg_ruleset__
@@ -1338,11 +1369,22 @@ def saturate(
         Saturate the egraph, running the given schedule until the egraph is saturated.
         It serializes the egraph at each step and returns a widget to visualize the egraph.
         """
-        from .visualizer_widget import VisualizerWidget
+        # from .visualizer_widget import VisualizerWidget
+
+        last_expr = None
+        index = 0
+        exprs = []
 
         def to_json() -> str:
-            if expr:
-                print(self.extract(expr))
+            nonlocal last_expr, index
+            if expr is not None:
+                extracted = self.extract(expr)
+                # s = str(extracted)
+                if extracted.__egg_typed_expr__ != last_expr:
+                    exprs.append(extracted)
+                    last_expr = extracted.__egg_typed_expr__
+                    print(f"# {index}:\n", str(extracted), "\n")
+                    index += 1
             return self._serialize(**kwargs).to_json()
 
         egraphs = [to_json()]
@@ -1350,7 +1392,8 @@ def to_json() -> str:
         while self.run(schedule or 1).updated and i < max:
             i += 1
             egraphs.append(to_json())
-        VisualizerWidget(egraphs=egraphs).display_or_open()
+        # VisualizerWidget(egraphs=egraphs).display_or_open()
+        return exprs
 
     @classmethod
     def current(cls) -> EGraph:
@@ -1407,6 +1450,7 @@ class _WrappedMethod(Generic[P, EXPR]):
     preserve: bool
     mutates_self: bool
     unextractable: bool
+    subsume: bool
 
     def __call__(self, *args: P.args, **kwargs: P.kwargs) -> EXPR:
         msg = "We should never call a wrapped method. Did you forget to wrap the class?"
diff --git a/python/egglog/egraph_state.py b/python/egglog/egraph_state.py
index bb814af1..2c3adfef 100644
--- a/python/egglog/egraph_state.py
+++ b/python/egglog/egraph_state.py
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ def command_to_egg(self, cmd: CommandDecl, ruleset: str) -> bindings._Command:
                 )
                 return bindings.RuleCommand(name or "", ruleset, rule)
             # TODO: Replace with just constants value and looking at REF of function
-            case DefaultRewriteDecl(ref, expr):
+            case DefaultRewriteDecl(ref, expr, subsume):
                 decl = self.__egg_decls__.get_callable_decl(ref).to_function_decl()
                 sig = decl.signature
                 assert isinstance(sig, FunctionSignature)
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ def command_to_egg(self, cmd: CommandDecl, ruleset: str) -> bindings._Command:
                     for name, tp in zip(sig.arg_names, sig.arg_types, strict=False)
                 )
                 rewrite_decl = RewriteDecl(
-                    sig.semantic_return_type.to_just(), CallDecl(ref, arg_mapping), expr, (), False
+                    sig.semantic_return_type.to_just(), CallDecl(ref, arg_mapping), expr, (), subsume
                 )
                 return self.command_to_egg(rewrite_decl, ruleset)
             case _:
diff --git a/python/egglog/exp/array_api.py b/python/egglog/exp/array_api.py
index 42573f16..47b9ecc7 100644
--- a/python/egglog/exp/array_api.py
+++ b/python/egglog/exp/array_api.py
@@ -271,7 +271,6 @@ def var(cls, name: StringLike) -> TupleInt: ...
 
     EMPTY: ClassVar[TupleInt]
 
-    @method(unextractable=True)
     def __init__(self, length: IntLike, idx_fn: Callable[[Int], Int]) -> None: ...
 
     @classmethod
@@ -286,6 +285,7 @@ def range(cls, stop: Int) -> TupleInt:
     def from_vec(cls, vec: Vec[Int]) -> TupleInt:
         return TupleInt(vec.length(), partial(index_vec_int, vec))
 
+    @method(subsume=True)
     def __add__(self, other: TupleInt) -> TupleInt:
         return TupleInt(
             self.length() + other.length(),
@@ -307,13 +307,13 @@ def fold(self, init: Int, f: Callable[[Int, Int], Int]) -> Int: ...
 
     def fold_boolean(self, init: Boolean, f: Callable[[Boolean, Int], Boolean]) -> Boolean: ...
 
+    @method(subsume=True)
     def contains(self, i: Int) -> Boolean:
         return self.fold_boolean(FALSE, lambda acc, j: acc | (i == j))
 
-    @method(cost=100)
     def filter(self, f: Callable[[Int], Boolean]) -> TupleInt: ...
 
-    @method(cost=100)
+    @method(subsume=True)
     def map(self, f: Callable[[Int], Int]) -> TupleInt:
         return TupleInt(self.length(), lambda i: f(self[i]))
 
@@ -371,7 +371,7 @@ def _tuple_int(
             ne(k).to(i64(0)),
         ),
         # Empty
-        rewrite(TupleInt.EMPTY).to(TupleInt(0, bottom_indexing)),
+        rewrite(TupleInt.EMPTY, subsume=True).to(TupleInt(0, bottom_indexing)),
         # if_
         rewrite(TupleInt.if_(TRUE, ti, ti2)).to(ti),
         rewrite(TupleInt.if_(FALSE, ti, ti2)).to(ti2),
@@ -387,13 +387,16 @@ def var(cls, name: StringLike) -> TupleTupleInt: ...
     def __init__(self, length: IntLike, idx_fn: Callable[[Int], TupleInt]) -> None: ...
 
     @classmethod
+    @method(subsume=True)
     def single(cls, i: TupleInt) -> TupleTupleInt:
         return TupleTupleInt(Int(1), lambda _: i)
 
     @classmethod
+    @method(subsume=True)
     def from_vec(cls, vec: Vec[Int]) -> TupleInt:
         return TupleInt(vec.length(), partial(index_vec_int, vec))
 
+    @method(subsume=True)
     def __add__(self, other: TupleTupleInt) -> TupleTupleInt:
         return TupleTupleInt(
             self.length() + other.length(),
@@ -731,7 +734,7 @@ def _tuple_value(
         rewrite(TupleValue.EMPTY.includes(v)).to(FALSE),
         rewrite(TupleValue(v).includes(v)).to(TRUE),
         rewrite(TupleValue(v).includes(v2)).to(FALSE, ne(v).to(v2)),
-        rewrite((ti + ti2).includes(v)).to(ti.includes(v) | ti2.includes(v)),
+        rewrite((ti + ti2).includes(v), subsume=True).to(ti.includes(v) | ti2.includes(v)),
     ]
 
 
diff --git a/python/egglog/exp/array_api_loopnest.py b/python/egglog/exp/array_api_loopnest.py
index a1222eb5..c512b6a2 100644
--- a/python/egglog/exp/array_api_loopnest.py
+++ b/python/egglog/exp/array_api_loopnest.py
@@ -14,29 +14,25 @@
 
 
 class ShapeAPI(Expr):
-    @method(unextractable=True)
     def __init__(self, dims: TupleIntLike) -> None: ...
 
-    @method(unextractable=True)
     def deselect(self, axis: TupleIntLike) -> ShapeAPI: ...
 
-    @method(unextractable=True)
     def select(self, axis: TupleIntLike) -> ShapeAPI: ...
 
-    @method(unextractable=True)
     def to_tuple(self) -> TupleInt: ...
 
 
 @array_api_ruleset.register
 def shape_api_ruleset(dims: TupleInt, axis: TupleInt):
     s = ShapeAPI(dims)
-    yield rewrite(s.deselect(axis)).to(
+    yield rewrite(s.deselect(axis), subsume=True).to(
         ShapeAPI(TupleInt.range(dims.length()).filter(lambda i: ~axis.contains(i)).map(lambda i: dims[i]))
     )
-    yield rewrite(s.select(axis)).to(
+    yield rewrite(s.select(axis), subsume=True).to(
         ShapeAPI(TupleInt.range(dims.length()).filter(lambda i: axis.contains(i)).map(lambda i: dims[i]))
     )
-    yield rewrite(s.to_tuple()).to(dims)
+    yield rewrite(s.to_tuple(), subsume=True).to(dims)
 
 
 class OptionalLoopNestAPI(Expr):
@@ -91,23 +87,27 @@ def _loopnest_api_ruleset(
     i: i64,
 ):
     # from_tuple
-    yield rewrite(LoopNestAPI.from_tuple(TupleInt(0, idx_fn))).to(OptionalLoopNestAPI.NONE)
-    yield rewrite(LoopNestAPI.from_tuple(TupleInt(Int(i), idx_fn))).to(
+    yield rewrite(LoopNestAPI.from_tuple(TupleInt(0, idx_fn)), subsume=True).to(OptionalLoopNestAPI.NONE)
+    yield rewrite(LoopNestAPI.from_tuple(TupleInt(Int(i), idx_fn)), subsume=True).to(
         OptionalLoopNestAPI(
             LoopNestAPI(idx_fn(Int(0)), LoopNestAPI.from_tuple(TupleInt(Int(i - 1), lambda i: idx_fn(i + 1))))
         ),
         ne(i).to(i64(0)),
     )
     # reduce
-    yield rewrite(lna.fold(fn, init)).to(tuple_tuple_int_reduce_ndarray(lna.indices, fn, init))
+    yield rewrite(lna.fold(fn, init), subsume=True).to(tuple_tuple_int_reduce_ndarray(lna.indices, fn, init))
     # get_dims
-    yield rewrite(LoopNestAPI(dim, OptionalLoopNestAPI.NONE).get_dims()).to(TupleInt.single(dim))
-    yield rewrite(LoopNestAPI(dim, OptionalLoopNestAPI(lna)).get_dims()).to(TupleInt.single(dim) + lna.get_dims())
+    yield rewrite(LoopNestAPI(dim, OptionalLoopNestAPI.NONE).get_dims(), subsume=True).to(TupleInt.single(dim))
+    yield rewrite(LoopNestAPI(dim, OptionalLoopNestAPI(lna)).get_dims(), subsume=True).to(
+        TupleInt.single(dim) + lna.get_dims()
+    )
     # indices
-    yield rewrite(lna.indices).to(tuple_tuple_int_product(tuple_int_map_tuple_int(lna.get_dims(), TupleInt.range)))
+    yield rewrite(lna.indices, subsume=True).to(
+        tuple_tuple_int_product(tuple_int_map_tuple_int(lna.get_dims(), TupleInt.range))
+    )
 
 
-@function(ruleset=array_api_ruleset, unextractable=True)
+@function(ruleset=array_api_ruleset, subsume=True)
 def linalg_norm(X: NDArray, axis: TupleIntLike) -> NDArray:
     # peel off the outer shape for result array
     outshape = ShapeAPI(X.shape).deselect(axis).to_tuple()
diff --git a/python/egglog/exp/array_api_numba.py b/python/egglog/exp/array_api_numba.py
index eb47f6e8..838f78d7 100644
--- a/python/egglog/exp/array_api_numba.py
+++ b/python/egglog/exp/array_api_numba.py
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ def _std(y: NDArray, x: NDArray, i: Int):
 
 
 # rewrite unique_counts to count each value one by one, since numba doesn't support np.unique(..., return_counts=True)
-@function(unextractable=True)
+@function
 def count_values(x: NDArray, values: NDArray) -> TupleValue:
     """
     Returns a tuple of the count of each of the values in the array.

From f9b45abd9a39305adcd58c6ea70a7d2738c643e2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Saul Shanabrook <s.shanabrook@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 29 Oct 2024 14:23:13 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 7/9] uv lock update for jupyterlab

---
 uv.lock | 398 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-
 1 file changed, 397 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/uv.lock b/uv.lock
index 7c99793c..68b309c4 100644
--- a/uv.lock
+++ b/uv.lock
@@ -89,6 +89,39 @@ wheels = [
     { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/81/29/5ecc3a15d5a33e31b26c11426c45c501e439cb865d0bff96315d86443b78/appnope-0.1.4-py2.py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:502575ee11cd7a28c0205f379b525beefebab9d161b7c964670864014ed7213c", size = 4321 },
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "argon2-cffi"
+version = "23.1.0"
+source = { registry = "https://pypi.org/simple" }
+dependencies = [
+    { name = "argon2-cffi-bindings" },
+]
+sdist = { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/31/fa/57ec2c6d16ecd2ba0cf15f3c7d1c3c2e7b5fcb83555ff56d7ab10888ec8f/argon2_cffi-23.1.0.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:879c3e79a2729ce768ebb7d36d4609e3a78a4ca2ec3a9f12286ca057e3d0db08", size = 42798 }
+wheels = [
+    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/a4/6a/e8a041599e78b6b3752da48000b14c8d1e8a04ded09c88c714ba047f34f5/argon2_cffi-23.1.0-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:c670642b78ba29641818ab2e68bd4e6a78ba53b7eff7b4c3815ae16abf91c7ea", size = 15124 },
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "argon2-cffi-bindings"
+version = "21.2.0"
+source = { registry = "https://pypi.org/simple" }
+dependencies = [
+    { name = "cffi" },
+]
+sdist = { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/b9/e9/184b8ccce6683b0aa2fbb7ba5683ea4b9c5763f1356347f1312c32e3c66e/argon2-cffi-bindings-21.2.0.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:bb89ceffa6c791807d1305ceb77dbfacc5aa499891d2c55661c6459651fc39e3", size = 1779911 }
+wheels = [
+    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/d4/13/838ce2620025e9666aa8f686431f67a29052241692a3dd1ae9d3692a89d3/argon2_cffi_bindings-21.2.0-cp36-abi3-macosx_10_9_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:ccb949252cb2ab3a08c02024acb77cfb179492d5701c7cbdbfd776124d4d2367", size = 29658 },
+    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/b3/02/f7f7bb6b6af6031edb11037639c697b912e1dea2db94d436e681aea2f495/argon2_cffi_bindings-21.2.0-cp36-abi3-manylinux_2_17_aarch64.manylinux2014_aarch64.whl", hash = "sha256:9524464572e12979364b7d600abf96181d3541da11e23ddf565a32e70bd4dc0d", size = 80583 },
+    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/ec/f7/378254e6dd7ae6f31fe40c8649eea7d4832a42243acaf0f1fff9083b2bed/argon2_cffi_bindings-21.2.0-cp36-abi3-manylinux_2_17_x86_64.manylinux2014_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:b746dba803a79238e925d9046a63aa26bf86ab2a2fe74ce6b009a1c3f5c8f2ae", size = 86168 },
+    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/74/f6/4a34a37a98311ed73bb80efe422fed95f2ac25a4cacc5ae1d7ae6a144505/argon2_cffi_bindings-21.2.0-cp36-abi3-manylinux_2_5_i686.manylinux1_i686.manylinux_2_17_i686.manylinux2014_i686.whl", hash = "sha256:58ed19212051f49a523abb1dbe954337dc82d947fb6e5a0da60f7c8471a8476c", size = 82709 },
+    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/74/2b/73d767bfdaab25484f7e7901379d5f8793cccbb86c6e0cbc4c1b96f63896/argon2_cffi_bindings-21.2.0-cp36-abi3-musllinux_1_1_aarch64.whl", hash = "sha256:bd46088725ef7f58b5a1ef7ca06647ebaf0eb4baff7d1d0d177c6cc8744abd86", size = 83613 },
+    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/4f/fd/37f86deef67ff57c76f137a67181949c2d408077e2e3dd70c6c42912c9bf/argon2_cffi_bindings-21.2.0-cp36-abi3-musllinux_1_1_i686.whl", hash = "sha256:8cd69c07dd875537a824deec19f978e0f2078fdda07fd5c42ac29668dda5f40f", size = 84583 },
+    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/6f/52/5a60085a3dae8fded8327a4f564223029f5f54b0cb0455a31131b5363a01/argon2_cffi_bindings-21.2.0-cp36-abi3-musllinux_1_1_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:f1152ac548bd5b8bcecfb0b0371f082037e47128653df2e8ba6e914d384f3c3e", size = 88475 },
+    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/8b/95/143cd64feb24a15fa4b189a3e1e7efbaeeb00f39a51e99b26fc62fbacabd/argon2_cffi_bindings-21.2.0-cp36-abi3-win32.whl", hash = "sha256:603ca0aba86b1349b147cab91ae970c63118a0f30444d4bc80355937c950c082", size = 27698 },
+    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/37/2c/e34e47c7dee97ba6f01a6203e0383e15b60fb85d78ac9a15cd066f6fe28b/argon2_cffi_bindings-21.2.0-cp36-abi3-win_amd64.whl", hash = "sha256:b2ef1c30440dbbcba7a5dc3e319408b59676e2e039e2ae11a8775ecf482b192f", size = 30817 },
+    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/5a/e4/bf8034d25edaa495da3c8a3405627d2e35758e44ff6eaa7948092646fdcc/argon2_cffi_bindings-21.2.0-cp38-abi3-macosx_10_9_universal2.whl", hash = "sha256:e415e3f62c8d124ee16018e491a009937f8cf7ebf5eb430ffc5de21b900dad93", size = 53104 },
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "array-api-compat"
 version = "1.9"
@@ -98,6 +131,19 @@ wheels = [
     { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/45/78/17985eac75d04c30f8cc375e4400e20b0787dc4a1c853a8fe9fad7932f55/array_api_compat-1.9-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:76db63c2d2461ba0e86b920c8b087f0a1617eb14de3ec29fe6811eeecad9c5e8", size = 49489 },
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "arrow"
+version = "1.3.0"
+source = { registry = "https://pypi.org/simple" }
+dependencies = [
+    { name = "python-dateutil" },
+    { name = "types-python-dateutil" },
+]
+sdist = { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/2e/00/0f6e8fcdb23ea632c866620cc872729ff43ed91d284c866b515c6342b173/arrow-1.3.0.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:d4540617648cb5f895730f1ad8c82a65f2dad0166f57b75f3ca54759c4d67a85", size = 131960 }
+wheels = [
+    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/f8/ed/e97229a566617f2ae958a6b13e7cc0f585470eac730a73e9e82c32a3cdd2/arrow-1.3.0-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:c728b120ebc00eb84e01882a6f5e7927a53960aa990ce7dd2b10f39005a67f80", size = 66419 },
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "asttokens"
 version = "2.4.1"
@@ -110,6 +156,18 @@ wheels = [
     { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/45/86/4736ac618d82a20d87d2f92ae19441ebc7ac9e7a581d7e58bbe79233b24a/asttokens-2.4.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:051ed49c3dcae8913ea7cd08e46a606dba30b79993209636c4875bc1d637bc24", size = 27764 },
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "async-lru"
+version = "2.0.4"
+source = { registry = "https://pypi.org/simple" }
+dependencies = [
+    { name = "typing-extensions", marker = "python_full_version < '3.11'" },
+]
+sdist = { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/80/e2/2b4651eff771f6fd900d233e175ddc5e2be502c7eb62c0c42f975c6d36cd/async-lru-2.0.4.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:b8a59a5df60805ff63220b2a0c5b5393da5521b113cd5465a44eb037d81a5627", size = 10019 }
+wheels = [
+    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/fa/9f/3c3503693386c4b0f245eaf5ca6198e3b28879ca0a40bde6b0e319793453/async_lru-2.0.4-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:ff02944ce3c288c5be660c42dbcca0742b32c3b279d6dceda655190240b99224", size = 6111 },
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "attrs"
 version = "24.2.0"
@@ -498,7 +556,7 @@ wheels = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "egglog"
-version = "8.0.0"
+version = "8.0.1"
 source = { editable = "." }
 dependencies = [
     { name = "anywidget" },
@@ -518,6 +576,7 @@ dev = [
     { name = "ablog" },
     { name = "anywidget", extra = ["dev"] },
     { name = "array-api-compat" },
+    { name = "jupyterlab" },
     { name = "line-profiler" },
     { name = "llvmlite" },
     { name = "matplotlib" },
@@ -581,6 +640,7 @@ requires-dist = [
     { name = "egglog", extras = ["array"], marker = "extra == 'test'" },
     { name = "egglog", extras = ["docs", "test"], marker = "extra == 'dev'" },
     { name = "graphviz" },
+    { name = "jupyterlab", marker = "extra == 'dev'" },
     { name = "line-profiler", marker = "extra == 'docs'" },
     { name = "llvmlite", marker = "extra == 'array'", specifier = "==0.42.0" },
     { name = "matplotlib", marker = "extra == 'docs'" },
@@ -699,6 +759,15 @@ wheels = [
     { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/57/5e/de2e6e51cb6894f2f2bc2641f6c845561361b622e96df3cca04df77222c9/fonttools-4.54.1-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:37cddd62d83dc4f72f7c3f3c2bcf2697e89a30efb152079896544a93907733bd", size = 1096920 },
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "fqdn"
+version = "1.5.1"
+source = { registry = "https://pypi.org/simple" }
+sdist = { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/30/3e/a80a8c077fd798951169626cde3e239adeba7dab75deb3555716415bd9b0/fqdn-1.5.1.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:105ed3677e767fb5ca086a0c1f4bb66ebc3c100be518f0e0d755d9eae164d89f", size = 6015 }
+wheels = [
+    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/cf/58/8acf1b3e91c58313ce5cb67df61001fc9dcd21be4fadb76c1a2d540e09ed/fqdn-1.5.1-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:3a179af3761e4df6eb2e026ff9e1a3033d3587bf980a0b1b2e1e5d08d7358014", size = 9121 },
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "graphviz"
 version = "0.20.3"
@@ -759,6 +828,44 @@ wheels = [
     { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/ac/38/08cc303ddddc4b3d7c628c3039a61a3aae36c241ed01393d00c2fd663473/greenlet-3.1.1-cp313-cp313t-musllinux_1_1_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:411f015496fec93c1c8cd4e5238da364e1da7a124bcb293f085bf2860c32c6f6", size = 1142112 },
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "h11"
+version = "0.14.0"
+source = { registry = "https://pypi.org/simple" }
+sdist = { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/f5/38/3af3d3633a34a3316095b39c8e8fb4853a28a536e55d347bd8d8e9a14b03/h11-0.14.0.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:8f19fbbe99e72420ff35c00b27a34cb9937e902a8b810e2c88300c6f0a3b699d", size = 100418 }
+wheels = [
+    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/95/04/ff642e65ad6b90db43e668d70ffb6736436c7ce41fcc549f4e9472234127/h11-0.14.0-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:e3fe4ac4b851c468cc8363d500db52c2ead036020723024a109d37346efaa761", size = 58259 },
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "httpcore"
+version = "1.0.6"
+source = { registry = "https://pypi.org/simple" }
+dependencies = [
+    { name = "certifi" },
+    { name = "h11" },
+]
+sdist = { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/b6/44/ed0fa6a17845fb033bd885c03e842f08c1b9406c86a2e60ac1ae1b9206a6/httpcore-1.0.6.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:73f6dbd6eb8c21bbf7ef8efad555481853f5f6acdeaff1edb0694289269ee17f", size = 85180 }
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+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "httpx"
+version = "0.27.2"
+source = { registry = "https://pypi.org/simple" }
+dependencies = [
+    { name = "anyio" },
+    { name = "certifi" },
+    { name = "httpcore" },
+    { name = "idna" },
+    { name = "sniffio" },
+]
+sdist = { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/78/82/08f8c936781f67d9e6b9eeb8a0c8b4e406136ea4c3d1f89a5db71d42e0e6/httpx-0.27.2.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:f7c2be1d2f3c3c3160d441802406b206c2b76f5947b11115e6df10c6c65e66c2", size = 144189 }
+wheels = [
+    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/56/95/9377bcb415797e44274b51d46e3249eba641711cf3348050f76ee7b15ffc/httpx-0.27.2-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:7bb2708e112d8fdd7829cd4243970f0c223274051cb35ee80c03301ee29a3df0", size = 76395 },
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "identify"
 version = "2.6.1"
@@ -878,6 +985,18 @@ wheels = [
     { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/22/2d/9c0b76f2f9cc0ebede1b9371b6f317243028ed60b90705863d493bae622e/ipywidgets-8.1.5-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:3290f526f87ae6e77655555baba4f36681c555b8bdbbff430b70e52c34c86245", size = 139767 },
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "isoduration"
+version = "20.11.0"
+source = { registry = "https://pypi.org/simple" }
+dependencies = [
+    { name = "arrow" },
+]
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+sdist = { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/da/88/f270de456dd7d11dcc808abfa291ecdd3f45ff44e3b549ffa01b126464d0/rfc3986_validator-0.1.1.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:3d44bde7921b3b9ec3ae4e3adca370438eccebc676456449b145d533b240d055", size = 6760 }
+wheels = [
+    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/9e/51/17023c0f8f1869d8806b979a2bffa3f861f26a3f1a66b094288323fba52f/rfc3986_validator-0.1.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:2f235c432ef459970b4306369336b9d5dbdda31b510ca1e327636e01f528bfa9", size = 4242 },
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "rpds-py"
 version = "0.20.0"
@@ -2342,6 +2679,15 @@ wheels = [
     { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/83/11/00d3c3dfc25ad54e731d91449895a79e4bf2384dc3ac01809010ba88f6d5/seaborn-0.13.2-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:636f8336facf092165e27924f223d3c62ca560b1f2bb5dff7ab7fad265361987", size = 294914 },
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "send2trash"
+version = "1.8.3"
+source = { registry = "https://pypi.org/simple" }
+sdist = { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/fd/3a/aec9b02217bb79b87bbc1a21bc6abc51e3d5dcf65c30487ac96c0908c722/Send2Trash-1.8.3.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:b18e7a3966d99871aefeb00cfbcfdced55ce4871194810fc71f4aa484b953abf", size = 17394 }
+wheels = [
+    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/40/b0/4562db6223154aa4e22f939003cb92514c79f3d4dccca3444253fd17f902/Send2Trash-1.8.3-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:0c31227e0bd08961c7665474a3d1ef7193929fedda4233843689baa056be46c9", size = 18072 },
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "setuptools"
 version = "75.2.0"
@@ -2587,6 +2933,20 @@ wheels = [
     { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/40/44/4a5f08c96eb108af5cb50b41f76142f0afa346dfa99d5296fe7202a11854/tabulate-0.9.0-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:024ca478df22e9340661486f85298cff5f6dcdba14f3813e8830015b9ed1948f", size = 35252 },
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "terminado"
+version = "0.18.1"
+source = { registry = "https://pypi.org/simple" }
+dependencies = [
+    { name = "ptyprocess", marker = "os_name != 'nt'" },
+    { name = "pywinpty", marker = "os_name == 'nt'" },
+    { name = "tornado" },
+]
+sdist = { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/8a/11/965c6fd8e5cc254f1fe142d547387da17a8ebfd75a3455f637c663fb38a0/terminado-0.18.1.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:de09f2c4b85de4765f7714688fff57d3e75bad1f909b589fde880460c753fd2e", size = 32701 }
+wheels = [
+    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/6a/9e/2064975477fdc887e47ad42157e214526dcad8f317a948dee17e1659a62f/terminado-0.18.1-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:a4468e1b37bb318f8a86514f65814e1afc977cf29b3992a4500d9dd305dcceb0", size = 14154 },
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "threadpoolctl"
 version = "3.5.0"
@@ -2644,6 +3004,15 @@ wheels = [
     { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/00/c0/8f5d070730d7836adc9c9b6408dec68c6ced86b304a9b26a14df072a6e8c/traitlets-5.14.3-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:b74e89e397b1ed28cc831db7aea759ba6640cb3de13090ca145426688ff1ac4f", size = 85359 },
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "types-python-dateutil"
+version = "2.9.0.20241003"
+source = { registry = "https://pypi.org/simple" }
+sdist = { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/31/f8/f6ee4c803a7beccffee21bb29a71573b39f7037c224843eff53e5308c16e/types-python-dateutil-2.9.0.20241003.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:58cb85449b2a56d6684e41aeefb4c4280631246a0da1a719bdbe6f3fb0317446", size = 9210 }
+wheels = [
+    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/35/d6/ba5f61958f358028f2e2ba1b8e225b8e263053bd57d3a79e2d2db64c807b/types_python_dateutil-2.9.0.20241003-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:250e1d8e80e7bbc3a6c99b907762711d1a1cdd00e978ad39cb5940f6f0a87f3d", size = 9693 },
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "typing-extensions"
 version = "4.12.2"
@@ -2662,6 +3031,15 @@ wheels = [
     { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/a6/ab/7e5f53c3b9d14972843a647d8d7a853969a58aecc7559cb3267302c94774/tzdata-2024.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:a48093786cdcde33cad18c2555e8532f34422074448fbc874186f0abd79565cd", size = 346586 },
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "uri-template"
+version = "1.3.0"
+source = { registry = "https://pypi.org/simple" }
+sdist = { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/31/c7/0336f2bd0bcbada6ccef7aaa25e443c118a704f828a0620c6fa0207c1b64/uri-template-1.3.0.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:0e00f8eb65e18c7de20d595a14336e9f337ead580c70934141624b6d1ffdacc7", size = 21678 }
+wheels = [
+    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/e7/00/3fca040d7cf8a32776d3d81a00c8ee7457e00f80c649f1e4a863c8321ae9/uri_template-1.3.0-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:a44a133ea12d44a0c0f06d7d42a52d71282e77e2f937d8abd5655b8d56fc1363", size = 11140 },
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "urllib3"
 version = "2.2.3"
@@ -2791,6 +3169,15 @@ wheels = [
     { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/fd/84/fd2ba7aafacbad3c4201d395674fc6348826569da3c0937e75505ead3528/wcwidth-0.2.13-py2.py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:3da69048e4540d84af32131829ff948f1e022c1c6bdb8d6102117aac784f6859", size = 34166 },
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "webcolors"
+version = "24.8.0"
+source = { registry = "https://pypi.org/simple" }
+sdist = { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/fe/f8/53150a5bda7e042840b14f0236e1c0a4819d403658e3d453237983addfac/webcolors-24.8.0.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:08b07af286a01bcd30d583a7acadf629583d1f79bfef27dd2c2c5c263817277d", size = 42392 }
+wheels = [
+    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/f0/33/12020ba99beaff91682b28dc0bbf0345bbc3244a4afbae7644e4fa348f23/webcolors-24.8.0-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:fc4c3b59358ada164552084a8ebee637c221e4059267d0f8325b3b560f6c7f0a", size = 15027 },
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "webencodings"
 version = "0.5.1"
@@ -2800,6 +3187,15 @@ wheels = [
     { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/f4/24/2a3e3df732393fed8b3ebf2ec078f05546de641fe1b667ee316ec1dcf3b7/webencodings-0.5.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:a0af1213f3c2226497a97e2b3aa01a7e4bee4f403f95be16fc9acd2947514a78", size = 11774 },
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "websocket-client"
+version = "1.8.0"
+source = { registry = "https://pypi.org/simple" }
+sdist = { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/e6/30/fba0d96b4b5fbf5948ed3f4681f7da2f9f64512e1d303f94b4cc174c24a5/websocket_client-1.8.0.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:3239df9f44da632f96012472805d40a23281a991027ce11d2f45a6f24ac4c3da", size = 54648 }
+wheels = [
+    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/5a/84/44687a29792a70e111c5c477230a72c4b957d88d16141199bf9acb7537a3/websocket_client-1.8.0-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:17b44cc997f5c498e809b22cdf2d9c7a9e71c02c8cc2b6c56e7c2d1239bfa526", size = 58826 },
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "widgetsnbextension"
 version = "4.0.13"

From e4feee80109c40f5470942fcf2a39ec6462f91e5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Saul Shanabrook <s.shanabrook@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 29 Oct 2024 14:24:11 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 8/9] Add some commented out loopnest code

---
 python/egglog/exp/array_api_loopnest.py | 33 ++++++++++++++++++++++++-
 1 file changed, 32 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/python/egglog/exp/array_api_loopnest.py b/python/egglog/exp/array_api_loopnest.py
index c512b6a2..c12c67e5 100644
--- a/python/egglog/exp/array_api_loopnest.py
+++ b/python/egglog/exp/array_api_loopnest.py
@@ -141,9 +141,40 @@ def linalg_norm(X: NDArray, axis: TupleIntLike) -> NDArray:
 x = egraph.let("x", val.shape[2])
 # egraph.display(n_inline_leaves=0)
 # egraph.extract(x)
-# egraph.saturate(array_api_ruleset, expr=val.shape[2], split_functions=[Int, TRUE, FALSE], n_inline_leaves=2)
+# egraph.saturate(array_api_ruleset, expr=x, split_functions=[Int, TRUE, FALSE], n_inline_leaves=0)
 # egraph.run(array_api_ruleset.saturate())
+# egraph.extract(x)
 # egraph.display()
 
 
 # %%
+
+# x = xs[-2]
+# # %%
+# decls = x.__egg_decls__
+# # RuntimeExpr.__from_values__(x.__egg_decls__, x.__egg_typed_expr__.expr.args[1].expr.args[1])
+
+# # %%
+# # x.__egg_typed_expr__.expr.args[1].expr.args[1]  # %%
+
+# # %%
+# # egraph.extract(RuntimeExpr.__from_values__(x.__egg_decls__, x.__egg_typed_expr__.expr.args[1].expr.args[1]))
+
+
+# from egglog import pretty
+
+# decl = (
+#     x.__egg_typed_expr__.expr.args[1]
+#     .expr.args[2]
+#     .expr.args[0]
+#     .expr.args[1]
+#     .expr.call.args[0]
+#     .expr.call.args[0]
+#     .expr.call.args[0]
+# )
+
+# # pprint.pprint(decl)
+
+# print(pretty.pretty_decl(decls, decl.expr))
+
+# # %%

From 2e089f238f1f1addb1106a77e9edf7b196131c5e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Saul Shanabrook <s.shanabrook@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 29 Oct 2024 14:27:46 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 9/9] remove temporary saturate debugging code

---
 python/egglog/egraph.py | 18 ++----------------
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 16 deletions(-)

diff --git a/python/egglog/egraph.py b/python/egglog/egraph.py
index 75d21ec4..1cc41350 100644
--- a/python/egglog/egraph.py
+++ b/python/egglog/egraph.py
@@ -1369,22 +1369,9 @@ def saturate(
         Saturate the egraph, running the given schedule until the egraph is saturated.
         It serializes the egraph at each step and returns a widget to visualize the egraph.
         """
-        # from .visualizer_widget import VisualizerWidget
-
-        last_expr = None
-        index = 0
-        exprs = []
+        from .visualizer_widget import VisualizerWidget
 
         def to_json() -> str:
-            nonlocal last_expr, index
-            if expr is not None:
-                extracted = self.extract(expr)
-                # s = str(extracted)
-                if extracted.__egg_typed_expr__ != last_expr:
-                    exprs.append(extracted)
-                    last_expr = extracted.__egg_typed_expr__
-                    print(f"# {index}:\n", str(extracted), "\n")
-                    index += 1
             return self._serialize(**kwargs).to_json()
 
         egraphs = [to_json()]
@@ -1392,8 +1379,7 @@ def to_json() -> str:
         while self.run(schedule or 1).updated and i < max:
             i += 1
             egraphs.append(to_json())
-        # VisualizerWidget(egraphs=egraphs).display_or_open()
-        return exprs
+        VisualizerWidget(egraphs=egraphs).display_or_open()
 
     @classmethod
     def current(cls) -> EGraph: