diff --git a/src/metrics/randomization.py b/src/metrics/randomization.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d49de23d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/metrics/randomization.py
@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+from metrics.base import Metric
+from types import Callable
+from utils.explanations import Explanations
+import torch
+
+
+class RandomizationMetric(Metric):
+    def __init__(self, seed=42, device: str = "cpu" if torch.cuda.is_available() else "cuda"):
+        # we can move seed and device to __call__. Then we would need to set the seed per call of the metric function.
+        # where does it make sense to do seeding?
+        # for example, imagine the user doesn't bother giving a seed, so we use the default seed.
+        # do we want the exact same random model to be attributed (keeping seed in the __call__ call)
+        # or do we want genuinely random models for each call of the metric (keeping seed in the constructor)
+        self.generator = torch.Generator(device=device)
+
+    def __call__(
+        self,
+        model: torch.nn.Module,
+        model_id: str,
+        cache_dir: str,
+        train_dataset: torch.utils.data.Dataset,
+        test_dataset: torch.utils.data.Dataset,
+        explanations: Explanations,
+        explain_fn: Callable,
+        explain_fn_kwargs: dict,
+    ):
+        # Allow for precomputed random explanations?
+        randomized_model = RandomizationMetric._randomize_model(model, self.device, self.generator)
+        results = self._evaluate(explanations, randomized_model, explain_fn, explain_fn_kwargs)
+        results["model_id"] = model_id
+        return results
+
+    def _evaluate(
+        self,
+        explanations: Explanations,
+        randomized_model: torch.nn.Module,
+        explain_fn: Callable,
+        explain_fn_kwargs: dict,
+    ):
+        """
+        Used to implement metric-specific logic.
+        """
+        rand_explanations = explain_fn(model=randomized_model, **explain_fn_kwargs)
+        rank_corr = RandomizationMetric.rank_correlation(explanations, rand_explanations)
+        results = dict()
+        results["rank_correlations"] = rank_corr
+        results["average_score"] = rank_corr.mean()
+        return results
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _randomize_model(model, generator):
+        for name, param in list(model.named_parameters()):
+            random_parameter_tensor = torch.empty_like(param).normal_(generator=generator)
+            names = name.split(".")
+            param_obj = model
+            for n in names[: len(names) - 1]:
+                param_obj = param_obj.__getattr__(n)
+            assert isinstance(param_obj.__getattr__(names[-1]), torch.nn.Parameter)
+            param_obj.__setattr__(names[-1], torch.nn.Parameter(random_parameter_tensor))
+        return model
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _rank_correlation(std_explanations, random_explanations):
+        # this implementation currently assumes batch sizes and number of batches are same in std and random explanations
+        train_size = std_explanations[0].shape[1]
+        std_rank_mean = torch.zeros(train_size)
+        random_rank_mean = torch.zeros(train_size)
+        std_batch_size = std_explanations.batch_size
+        random_batch_size = random_explanations.batch_size
+        corrs = torch.zeros(train_size)
+        for std_batch, random_batch in zip(std_explanations, random_explanations):
+            _, std_ranks = torch.sort(std_batch)
+            _, random_ranks = torch.sort(random_batch)
+            std_rank_mean += torch.tensor(std_ranks, dtype=float) / train_size
+            random_rank_mean += torch.tensor(random_ranks, dtype=float) / train_size
+        std_rank_mean /= std_batch_size * len(std_explanations)
+        random_rank_mean /= random_batch_size * len(random_explanations)
+        for std_batch, random_batch in zip(std_explanations, random_explanations):
+            _, std_ranks = torch.sort(std_batch)
+            _, random_ranks = torch.sort(random_batch)
+            std_rank_mean += std_ranks / train_size
+            random_rank_mean += random_ranks / train_size
+            std_ranks = std_ranks - std_rank_mean
+            random_ranks = random_ranks - random_rank_mean
+            corrs = corrs + std_ranks * random_ranks
+        corrs = corrs / len(std_explanations)
+        return corrs  # return spearman rank correlation of each training data influence
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _format(
+        self,
+        model: torch.nn.Module,
+        train_dataset: torch.utils.data.Dataset,
+        test_dataset: torch.utils.data.Dataset,
+        explanations: Explanations,
+    ):
+        # shouldn't we have a self.results to be able to do this? maybe just get results dict as format input?
+        # the metric summary should be a list of values for each test point and a mean score for most metrics
+
+        raise NotImplementedError
diff --git a/src/utils/common.py b/src/utils/common.py
index 45e34a05..2981b6a1 100644
--- a/src/utils/common.py
+++ b/src/utils/common.py
@@ -1,6 +1,12 @@
 import functools
 from functools import reduce
+<<<<<<< HEAD
 from typing import Any, Callable, Mapping
+=======
+from typing import Any
+import torch
+
+>>>>>>> 2de78d5 (changes for flake8)
 
 import torch
 
diff --git a/src/utils/explanations.py b/src/utils/explanations.py
index a27b9513..b9af244e 100644
--- a/src/utils/explanations.py
+++ b/src/utils/explanations.py
@@ -76,6 +76,18 @@ def __setitem__(self, idx: Union[int, slice], val: Tuple[torch.Tensor, torch.Ten
     def __len__(self) -> int:
         return int(self.xpl.shape[0] // self.batch_size) + 1
 
+    def _setitem_single(
+        self, index: int, val: Tuple[torch.Tensor, Union[torch.Tensor, int]]
+    ) -> Tuple[torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor]:
+        explanation, target = val
+        file_id = int(index / self.cache_batch_size)
+        leftover_indices = index - file_id * self.cache_batch_size
+        explanations = IndicesCache.load(self.cache_path, f"explanations_{file_id}")
+        targets = IndicesCache.load(self.cache_path, f"targets_{file_id}")
+        explanations[leftover_indices] = explanation
+        targets[leftover_indices] = target
+        IndicesCache.save(self.cache_path, f"explanations_{file_id}", explanations)
+        IndicesCache.save(self.cache_path, f"targets_{file_id}", targets)
 
 class BatchedCachedExplanations(Explanations):
     def __init__(