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<span class="s24-soares-decisions-text">
The Rivers Streamline
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<div class="s24-soares-decisions-group3">
<a href="index.html" class="s24-soares-decisions-text01">Home</a>
<span class="s24-soares-decisions-text02">About</span>
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<span>Instagram</span>
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<div class="s24-soares-decisions-main-content">
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<div class="s24-soares-decisions-blog-info">
<div class="s24-soares-decisions-heading">
<span class="s24-soares-decisions-text07">
The Psychology Behind Optimal Human Decision Making
</span>
</div>
<div class="s24-soares-decisions-short-info">
<div class="s24-soares-decisions-aauthor">
<img
alt="ImageI2101"
src="public/external/imagei2101-pano-200h.png"
class="s24-soares-decisions-image"
/>
<span class="s24-soares-decisions-text08">
Lily Soares '27
</span>
</div>
<span class="s24-soares-decisions-text09">
Spring 2024
</span>
</div>
</div>
<img
alt="Image2101"
src="https://www.safebridge.net/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/Untitled-770x400-1.png"
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<span class="s24-soares-decisions-text10 ArticlequoteRegular">
Making good, effective decisions is a skill that we learn
throughout our lives. There are multiple factors that go
into choosing the best options depending on the
circumstances.
</span>
<div class="s24-soares-decisions-para"></div>
<span class="s24-soares-decisions-text11">
Introduction: Instinct and Decisions
</span>
<span class="s24-soares-decisions-text12 AMainArticleText">
<span>
Quick, decide: hotdogs or hamburgers? Would you rather be
a doctor, or a teacher? Every single day, we make
decisions that affect not only us, but also the people
around us and the environment in which we live. Sometimes,
we make decisions quite easily. What to eat, how to dress,
or when to exercise and go to sleep are all decisions we
make everyday that generally don’t require a lot of
thought. Other times, we’ll be faced with a decision that
may have long-lasting consequences for our lives well into
the future. Deciding which college to attend, for example,
or what job, what career, or profession to pursue tends to
involve more reasoning and contemplation; these kinds of
decisions can keep us awake at night.
</span>
<br />
<br />
<span>
At the most basic level, humans use their natural
instincts to make decisions. These are the kinds of
automatic behaviors we possess that are hard-wired within
us. For instance, we choose to drink water when we are
thirsty. It’s innate to make this choice, as our survival
depends on it. Additionally, babies naturally cry when
they are hurt or want something, and baby ducks know
instinctively to follow their mother when traveling across
a body of water. In our life, one's instincts can increase
survival and prevent dangerous situations from impacting
us. Some may know this as the “fight or flight” response,
where we can make quick decisions in order to survive. In
instinct-based decisions, actions always happen before any
thought, and the decisions are based on past experiences
and are encoded in our DNA; the DNA controls us, we don’t
control the response.
</span>
<br />
</span>
<div class="s24-soares-decisions-para1"></div>
<div class="s24-soares-decisions-quote">
<span
class="s24-soares-decisions-text18 ArticlequoteRegular"
>
<span>
"As a society, we must determine if the beneficence
outweighs the maleficence this new technology may cause.
This development uncovers an entirely new chapter of the
future of the medical field."
</span>
<br class="ArticlequoteRegular" />
</span>
</div>
<span class="s24-soares-decisions-text21 AMainArticleText">
<span class="AMainArticleText">
Inspiration-based decision-making relates to following our
gut feeling, or “...our soul-driven promptings.” Such a
feeling inside you might be so profound that failing to
follow it and taking action may lead to sadness and
regret. This type of decision making is usually a
“guidance for staying in a state of flow,” rather than a
“eureka” moment. Perhaps, this thought will not even arise
from a specific experience or place. Rather, it’s a
persistent idea that seemingly comes from nothing. You
might have to make a decision about what to do in the near
future, in the summer for instance. On one side, you can
have fun and go on a vacation the entire time, doing
little to no work. However, your gut instinct may tell you
to get a job and do some work to get ahead, limiting your
fun vacation time. Although you might want to have fun,
that gut feeling may be the deciding factor: failing to
follow it might lead to guilt and regret about that
decision later, thinking about what you missed out on.
</span>
<br class="AMainArticleText" />
</span>
<img
alt="Image2101"
src="https://media.licdn.com/dms/image/C4D12AQHzB5cJ6AmuCQ/article-cover_image-shrink_720_1280/0/1540284727079?e=2147483647&v=beta&t=VeoCgnhVd5m43cJmu510IWYPtZfhSMSr3q068kaeXjs"
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class="s24-soares-decisions-image2"
/>
<span class="s24-soares-decisions-text24">
<span>The Roles of Emotions and Logic</span>
<br />
</span>
<span class="s24-soares-decisions-text27 AMainArticleText">
<span class="AMainArticleText">
Logical and conscious decisions are typically very well
reasoned and thought out. The neocortex, a part of the
cerebral cortex in the brain, is our rational mind and
allows us to think through situations. Logical decisions
tend to be made over the course of some time, “between the
event and our response to it.” Instead of impulsive
decisions, thought precedes action in “determining the
best course of action to take in any given situation.”
Additionally, we have control over our actions because of
the deep thinking we can do with ourselves and others. For
instance, you might use a conscious decision on a test
you’re taking, deciding between two conflicting answers of
A and B. To make the best decision, you’ll need to use
logic and a process in order to come to that answer. For
these types of decisions, it’s important to follow a
process, which can be defined in seven steps in the figure
below.
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<span class="s24-soares-decisions-text30">
The Factor of Bias
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<span class="s24-soares-decisions-text31 AMainArticleText">
<span>
Bias, whether intentional or not, is a crucial factor in
many peoples’ decisions and ways of thinking.
Fundamentally, there are four types of bias influencing
our perception of certain topics. Confirmation bias
involves “relying on only information consistent with our
preexisting beliefs while ignoring information that
challenges them.” For instance, people may have bias in
politics. If someone grows up in a very political family,
their relatives might influence the person to think in
favor of their preferred party. Since a person’s parents
are some of the most influential figures, they might
refuse to acknowledge opposing information and stick with
the opinion around them. Thus, confirmation bias
influences what policies that person may favor and cause
them to vote for a certain candidate, rather than looking
at life from a totally unbiased perspective and a
completely open mind to both sides. Two other types of
bias include outcome bias and hindsight bias. Outcome bias
occurs when someone is “overly focusing on the outcome and
evaluating a decision based on what we couldn’t have known
at the time,” while hindsight bias involves someone
“saying ‘I knew it all along’ after learning the outcome
of a decision, even though [they] didn’t.” Finally, people
may also have bias in groups when it comes to making
decisions. Sometimes, people shy away from saying their
own opinions and agree with the group in order to avoid
argument or conflict, causing the group decision or way of
thinking to end up different than if they shared their
opinion.
</span>
<br />
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<span>
Overall, our decision-making processes depend on the type
of environment and our past experiences. Understanding the
different situations in which we make decisions is
important to better control our thoughts and actions.
</span>
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<div class="s24-soares-decisions-oconclusion">
<div class="s24-soares-decisions-para3">
<span class="s24-soares-decisions-text37">Sources:</span>
<span class="s24-soares-decisions-link">
<span>
https://www.valuescentre.com/articles/the-six-modes-of-decision-making
</span>
<br />
<br />
<span>
https://action.deloitte.com/insight/2443/how-people-make-decisions-tools-theories-and-key-concepts
</span>
<br />
<br />
<span>
https://www.umassd.edu/fycm/decision-making/process/
</span>
<br />
<br />
<span>
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/emotions-judgement-health-decision-making-rose-esmander/
</span>
<br />
<br />
</span>
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<div class="s24-soares-decisions-contents">
<span class="s24-soares-decisions-text50">
<span class="s24-soares-decisions-text51">Contact Us</span>
<br />
</span>
<span class="s24-soares-decisions-text53">
<br />
<span>Co-founders:</span>
<br />
<span>Chelsea Yan: [email protected]</span>
<br />
<span>Joyce Do: [email protected]</span>
<br />
<br />
<span>Faculty Advisor:</span>
<br />
<span>Stewart Pierson: [email protected]</span>
</span>
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<div class="s24-soares-decisions-contents1">
<span class="s24-soares-decisions-text65">
<span class="s24-soares-decisions-text66">About</span>
<br />
</span>
<span class="s24-soares-decisions-text68">
<br />
<span>
This website showcases the original written work of members of
Streamline. Streamline is a
</span>
<br />
<span>student-run magazine and club at The Rivers School.</span>
<br />
</span>
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