Invisible protocol sniffer for finding vulnerabilities in the network. Designed for pentesters and security engineers.
Above: Invisible network protocol sniffer
Designed for pentesters and security engineers
Author: Magama Bazarov, <[email protected]>
Pseudonym: Caster
Version: 2.7
Codename: Adagio for Strings
All information contained in this repository is provided for educational and research purposes only. The author is not responsible for any illegal use of this tool.
It is a specialized network security tool that helps both pentesters and security professionals.
Above is a invisible network sniffer for finding vulnerabilities in network equipment. It is based entirely on network traffic analysis, so it does not make any noise on the air. He's invisible. Completely based on the Scapy library.
Above allows pentesters to automate the process of finding vulnerabilities in network hardware. Discovery protocols, dynamic routing, 802.1Q, Resolution protocols, ICS, FHRP, STP, LLMNR/NBT-NS, etc.
Detects up to 29 protocols:
MACSec (802.1X AE)
EAPOL (Checking 802.1X versions)
ARP (Host Discovery)
CDP (Cisco Discovery Protocol)
DTP (Dynamic Trunking Protocol)
LLDP (Link Layer Discovery Protocol)
VLAN (802.1Q)
S7COMM (Siemens) (SCADA)
OMRON (SCADA)
TACACS+ (Terminal Access Controller Access Control System Plus)
ModbusTCP (SCADA)
STP (Spanning Tree Protocol)
OSPF (Open Shortest Path First)
EIGRP (Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol)
BGP (Border Gateway Protocol)
VRRP (Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol)
HSRP (Host Standby Redundancy Protocol)
GLBP (Gateway Load Balancing Protocol)
IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol)
LLMNR (Link Local Multicast Name Resolution)
NBT-NS (NetBIOS Name Service)
MDNS (Multicast DNS)
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)
DHCPv6 (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol v6)
ICMPv6 (Internet Control Message Protocol v6)
SSDP (Simple Service Discovery Protocol)
MNDP (MikroTik Neighbor Discovery Protocol)
SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol)
RADIUS (Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service)
Above works in two modes:
- Hot mode: Sniffing on your interface specifying a timer
- Cold mode: Analyzing traffic dumps
The tool is very simple in its operation and is driven by arguments:
- Interface: Specifying the network interface on which sniffing will be performed
- Timer: Time during which traffic analysis will be performed
- Input: The tool takes an already prepared
.pcapas input and looks for protocols in it - Output: Above will record the listened traffic to
.pcapfile, its name you specify yourself - Passive ARP: Detecting hosts in a segment using Passive ARP
- VLAN Search: Search for VLAN segments by extracting VLAN IDs in traffic
usage: above.py [-h] [--interface INTERFACE] [--timer TIMER] [--output OUTPUT] [--input INPUT] [--passive-arp] [--search-vlan]
options:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
--interface INTERFACE
Interface for traffic listening
--timer TIMER Time in seconds to capture packets, default: not set
--output OUTPUT File name where the traffic will be recorded, default: not set
--input INPUT File name of the traffic dump
--passive-arp Passive ARP (Host Discovery)
--search-vlan VLAN Search
The information obtained will be useful not only to the pentester, but also to the security engineer, he will know what he needs to pay attention to.
When Above detects a protocol, it outputs the necessary information to indicate the attack vector or security issue:
-
Impact: What kind of attack can be performed on this protocol;
-
Tools: What tool can be used to launch an attack;
-
Technical information: Required information for the pentester, sender MAC/IP addresses, FHRP group IDs, OSPF/EIGRP domains, etc.
-
Mitigation: Recommendations for fixing the security problems
-
Source/Destination Addresses: For protocols, Above displays information about the source and destination MAC addresses and IP addresses
You can install Above directly from the Kali Linux repositories
caster@kali:~$ sudo apt update && sudo apt install aboveOr...
caster@kali:~$ sudo apt-get install python3-scapy python3-colorama python3-setuptools
caster@kali:~$ git clone https://github.com/casterbyte/above
caster@kali:~$ cd above/
caster@kali:~/above$ sudo python3 setup.py install# Install python3 first
brew install python3
# Then install required dependencies
sudo pip3 install scapy colorama setuptools
# Clone the repo
git clone https://github.com/casterbyte/above
cd above/
sudo python3 setup.py installDon't forget to deactivate your firewall on macOS!
Above requires root access for sniffing
Above can be run with or without a timer:
caster@kali:~$ sudo above --interface eth0 --timer 120To stop traffic sniffing, press CTRL + С
Example:
caster@kali:~$ sudo above --interface eth0 --timer 120
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[+] Start sniffing...
[*] After the protocol is detected - all necessary information about it will be displayed
--------------------------------------------------
[+] Detected SSDP Packet
[*] Attack Impact: Potential for UPnP Device Exploitation
[*] Tools: evil-ssdp
[*] SSDP Source IP: 192.168.0.251
[*] SSDP Source MAC: 02:10:de:64:f2:34
[*] Mitigation: Ensure UPnP is disabled on all devices unless absolutely necessary, monitor UPnP traffic
--------------------------------------------------
[+] Detected MDNS Packet
[*] Attack Impact: MDNS Spoofing, Credentials Interception
[*] Tools: Responder
[*] MDNS Spoofing works specifically against Windows machines
[*] You cannot get NetNTLMv2-SSP from Apple devices
[*] MDNS Speaker IP: fe80::183f:301c:27bd:543
[*] MDNS Speaker MAC: 02:10:de:64:f2:34
[*] Mitigation: Filter MDNS traffic. Be careful with MDNS filtering
--------------------------------------------------If you need to record the sniffed traffic, use the --output argument
caster@kali:~$ sudo above --interface eth0 --timer 120 --output above.pcapIf you interrupt the tool with CTRL+C, the traffic is still written to the file
If you already have some recorded traffic, you can use the --input argument to look for potential security issues
caster@kali:~$ above --input ospf-md5.capExample:
caster@kali:~$ sudo above --input ospf-md5.cap
[+] Analyzing pcap file...
--------------------------------------------------
[+] Detected OSPF Packet
[+] Attack Impact: Subnets Discovery, Blackhole, Evil Twin
[*] Tools: Loki, Scapy, FRRouting
[*] OSPF Area ID: 0.0.0.0
[*] OSPF Neighbor IP: 10.0.0.1
[*] OSPF Neighbor MAC: 00:0c:29:dd:4c:54
[!] Authentication: MD5
[*] Tools for bruteforce: Ettercap, John the Ripper
[*] OSPF Key ID: 1
[*] Mitigation: Enable passive interfaces, use authentication
--------------------------------------------------
[+] Detected OSPF Packet
[+] Attack Impact: Subnets Discovery, Blackhole, Evil Twin
[*] Tools: Loki, Scapy, FRRouting
[*] OSPF Area ID: 0.0.0.0
[*] OSPF Neighbor IP: 192.168.0.2
[*] OSPF Neighbor MAC: 00:0c:29:43:7b:fb
[!] Authentication: MD5
[*] Tools for bruteforce: Ettercap, John the Ripper
[*] OSPF Key ID: 1
[*] Mitigation: Enable passive interfaces, use authenticationThis can be very useful if an attacker doesn't want to make noise on the air with ARP scans and quietly discover hosts. This function is run with --passive-arp and all hosts found will be written to the above_passive_arp.txt file.
caster@kali:~$ sudo above --interface eth0 --passive-arp
[+] Starting Host Discovery...
[*] IP and MAC addresses will be saved to 'above_passive_arp.txt'
If you want, you can specify a timer for how long to listen to ARP frames to find hosts. By default, no timer is set.
Once started, the terminal will be completely cleared and a table consisting of a mapping of IP Address and MAC Address will be displayed:
+--------------------+------------------------------+--------------------+
| IP Address | MAC Address | ARP Type |
+--------------------+------------------------------+--------------------+
| 172.16.120.12 | f0:27:65:ba:1c:42 | ARP Response |
| 172.16.120.45 | 6d:9f:84:2b:33:ea | ARP Request |
| 172.16.120.78 | 3a:7c:19:d8:4e:21 | ARP Response |
| 172.16.120.103 | c4:12:76:ae:50:bb | ARP Request |
| 172.16.120.127 | 89:3b:df:92:6a:54 | ARP Response |
| 172.16.120.156 | b7:5d:49:cb:72:99 | ARP Request |
| 172.16.120.189 | 1e:47:ac:3d:15:f8 | ARP Response |
| 172.16.120.222 | 43:9a:df:e0:84:3c | ARP Request |
+--------------------+------------------------------+--------------------+
The contents of the above_passive_arp.txt file will look like this:
caster@kali:~$ cat above_passive_arp.txt
Above: Passive ARP Host Discovery
Time: 2024-08-16 17:30:16
--------------------------------------------------
172.16.120.12 - f0:27:65:ba:1c:42
172.16.120.45 - 6d:9f:84:2b:33:ea
172.16.120.78 - 3a:7c:19:d8:4e:21
172.16.120.103 - c4:12:76:ae:50:bb
172.16.120.127 - 89:3b:df:92:6a:54
172.16.120.156 - b7:5d:49:cb:72:99
172.16.120.189 - 1e:47:ac:3d:15:f8
172.16.120.222 - 43:9a:df:e0:84:3cThis is how Above with ARP frame learning can help discover hosts in a segment without noise in the air.
Above can also find VLAN IDs in traffic. This is a useful option if the attacker is on a trunk port under some circumstances during the pentest. And the problem is that on a trunk port, all traffic is tagged with 802.1Q tags belonging to VLAN segments. Above can extract all VLAN IDs from the air or from a traffic dump:
caster@kali:~$ sudo above --interface eth0 --search-vlan When you run this function, the terminal will also be cleared and a table will be displayed and updated:
+------------------------------+---------------+----------------------------------------+
|VLAN ID |Frames Count |How to Jump |
+------------------------------+---------------+----------------------------------------+
|120 |8 |sudo vconfig add eth0 120 |
|80 |8 |sudo vconfig add eth0 80 |
|251 |7 |sudo vconfig add eth0 251 |
|190 |6 |sudo vconfig add eth0 190 |
+------------------------------+---------------+----------------------------------------+Also, the result of this function will be written to the above_discovered_vlan.txt file:
caster@kali:~$ cat above_discovered_vlan.txt
Above: Discovered VLAN ID
Time: 2024-08-16 17:41:19
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
VLAN ID Frames Count How to Jump
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 208 sudo vconfig add eth0 1
5 972 sudo vconfig add eth0 5
6 904 sudo vconfig add eth0 6
10 20 sudo vconfig add eth0 10
12 20 sudo vconfig add eth0 12
13 20 sudo vconfig add eth0 13
11 20 sudo vconfig add eth0 11
2000 1 sudo vconfig add eth0 2000
1000 2 sudo vconfig add eth0 1000
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------This is how you can find information about VLAN segments based on traffic operations alone. But it is worth considering that this is a specific scenario, it is not often that an attacker will be on a trunk port. Either he will be lucky with DTP or he will stumble upon a switch port forgotten by the administrator.
I wrote this tool because of the track "A View From Above (Remix)" by KOAN Sound. This track was everything to me when I was working on this sniffer.