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Architecture Overview: Supply Chain DApp Frontend

Introduction

This document provides an overview of the architecture of the frontend for the Supply Chain Decentralized Application (DApp). The frontend acts as the interface between the users and the Ethereum blockchain, facilitating interactions with the smart contracts that manage the supply chain.

High-Level Architecture

The frontend architecture is designed to provide a seamless and intuitive user experience while interacting with the Ethereum blockchain. It consists of the following key components:

  1. User Interface (UI): Built with HTML, CSS, and JavaScript, the UI is the visual component where users interact with the application. It includes forms, buttons, and display areas for various roles in the supply chain.

  2. Web3.js Integration: This JavaScript library connects the UI with the Ethereum blockchain. It allows the frontend to send transactions, interact with smart contracts, and listen for events on the blockchain.

  3. Blockchain Interaction Layer: Handles all communications between the frontend and the Ethereum network, including transactions, smart contract function calls, and event listening.

  4. Smart Contracts: Deployed on the Ethereum blockchain, these contracts contain the business logic of the supply chain DApp. The frontend interacts with these contracts to perform various operations like tracking items, managing roles, and updating item states.

Detailed Architecture

Frontend Design

  • Responsive Design: Ensures that the application is accessible across different devices and screen sizes.
  • Role-Based Views: Separate sections for Farmers, Distributors, Retailers, and Consumers, each with tailored functionalities.

JavaScript and Web3.js

  • JavaScript Functions: Handle user interactions, form submissions, and UI updates.
  • Web3.js: Enables the application to interact with Ethereum nodes. It is responsible for creating transactions, calling smart contract methods, and handling responses.

Blockchain Communication

  • Smart Contract Calls: JavaScript functions use Web3.js to call methods defined in the smart contracts.
  • Event Handling: The frontend listens to events emitted by smart contracts and updates the UI in real-time.
  • Transaction Management: Handling and confirmation of blockchain transactions initiated by the user.

Security and Data Integrity

  • MetaMask Integration: Leverages MetaMask for Ethereum wallet management and transaction signing.
  • Data Validation: Frontend validates user inputs before sending them to the smart contracts.

Technology Stack

  • HTML/CSS: For structuring and styling the frontend.
  • JavaScript: Core programming language for frontend logic.
  • Bootstrap: CSS framework for designing responsive and mobile-first interfaces.
  • Web3.js: Ethereum JavaScript API for blockchain interaction.
  • MetaMask: Browser extension for Ethereum wallet and transaction management.

Conclusion

The architecture of the Supply Chain DApp Frontend is designed to provide a robust and user-friendly interface for interacting with the Ethereum blockchain. It ensures secure and efficient communication with the smart contracts, providing various stakeholders in the supply chain with the necessary tools to perform their roles effectively.