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eventedloop.js
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eventedloop.js
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(function e(t,n,r){function s(o,u){if(!n[o]){if(!t[o]){var a=typeof require=="function"&&require;if(!u&&a)return a(o,!0);if(i)return i(o,!0);throw new Error("Cannot find module '"+o+"'")}var f=n[o]={exports:{}};t[o][0].call(f.exports,function(e){var n=t[o][1][e];return s(n?n:e)},f,f.exports,e,t,n,r)}return n[o].exports}var i=typeof require=="function"&&require;for(var o=0;o<r.length;o++)s(r[o]);return s})({1:[function(require,module,exports){
(function (global){(function() {
var root = this;
var EventEmitter = require('events').EventEmitter;
var _ = require('underscore');
var intervalParser = /([0-9\.]+)(ms|s|m|h)?/;
var root = global || window;
// Lil bit of useful polyfill...
if (typeof(Function.prototype.inherits) === 'undefined') {
Function.prototype.inherits = function(parent) {
this.prototype = Object.create(parent.prototype);
};
}
if (typeof(Array.prototype.removeOne) === 'undefined') {
Array.prototype.removeOne = function() {
var what, a = arguments, L = a.length, ax;
while (L && this.length) {
what = a[--L];
while ((ax = this.indexOf(what)) !== -1) {
return this.splice(ax, 1);
}
}
};
}
function greatestCommonFactor(intervals) {
var sumOfModuli = 1;
var interval = _.min(intervals);
while (sumOfModuli !== 0) {
sumOfModuli = _.reduce(intervals, function(memo, i){ return memo + (i % interval); }, 0);
if (sumOfModuli !== 0) {
interval -= 10;
}
}
return interval;
}
function parseEvent(e) {
var intervalGroups = intervalParser.exec(e);
if (!intervalGroups) {
throw new Error('I don\'t understand that particular interval');
}
var intervalAmount = +intervalGroups[1];
var intervalType = intervalGroups[2] || 'ms';
if (intervalType === 's') {
intervalAmount = intervalAmount * 1000;
} else if (intervalType === 'm') {
intervalAmount = intervalAmount * 1000 * 60;
} else if (intervalType === 'h') {
intervalAmount = intervalAmount * 1000 * 60 * 60;
} else if (!!intervalType && intervalType !== 'ms') {
throw new Error('You can only specify intervals of ms, s, m, or h');
}
if (intervalAmount < 10 || intervalAmount % 10 !== 0) {
// We only deal in 10's of milliseconds for simplicity
throw new Error('You can only specify 10s of milliseconds, trust me on this one');
}
return {
amount:intervalAmount,
type:intervalType
};
}
function EventedLoop() {
this.intervalId = undefined;
this.intervalLength = undefined;
this.intervalsToEmit = {};
this.currentTick = 1;
this.maxTicks = 0;
this.listeningForFocus = false;
// Private method
var determineIntervalLength = function () {
var potentialIntervalLength = greatestCommonFactor(_.keys(this.intervalsToEmit));
var changed = false;
if (this.intervalLength) {
if (potentialIntervalLength !== this.intervalLength) {
// Looks like we need a new interval
this.intervalLength = potentialIntervalLength;
changed = true;
}
} else {
this.intervalLength = potentialIntervalLength;
}
this.maxTicks = _.max(_.map(_.keys(this.intervalsToEmit), function(a) { return +a; })) / this.intervalLength;
return changed;
}.bind(this);
this.on('newListener', function (e) {
if (e === 'removeListener' || e === 'newListener') return; // We don't care about that one
var intervalInfo = parseEvent(e);
var intervalAmount = intervalInfo.amount;
this.intervalsToEmit[+intervalAmount] = _.union(this.intervalsToEmit[+intervalAmount] || [], [e]);
if (determineIntervalLength() && this.isStarted()) {
this.stop().start();
}
});
this.on('removeListener', function (e) {
if (EventEmitter.listenerCount(this, e) > 0) return;
var intervalInfo = parseEvent(e);
var intervalAmount = intervalInfo.amount;
var removedEvent = this.intervalsToEmit[+intervalAmount].removeOne(e);
if (this.intervalsToEmit[+intervalAmount].length === 0) {
delete this.intervalsToEmit[+intervalAmount];
}
console.log('Determining interval length after removal of', removedEvent);
determineIntervalLength();
if (determineIntervalLength() && this.isStarted()) {
this.stop().start();
}
});
}
EventedLoop.inherits(EventEmitter);
// Public methods
EventedLoop.prototype.tick = function () {
var milliseconds = this.currentTick * this.intervalLength;
_.each(this.intervalsToEmit, function (events, key) {
if (milliseconds % key === 0) {
_.each(events, function(e) { this.emit(e, e, key); }.bind(this));
}
}.bind(this));
this.currentTick += 1;
if (this.currentTick > this.maxTicks) {
this.currentTick = 1;
}
return this;
};
EventedLoop.prototype.start = function () {
if (!this.intervalLength) {
throw new Error('You haven\'t specified any interval callbacks. Use EventedLoop.on(\'500ms\', function () { ... }) to do so, and then you can start');
}
if (this.intervalId) {
return console.log('No need to start the loop again, it\'s already started.');
}
this.intervalId = setInterval(this.tick.bind(this), this.intervalLength);
if (root && !this.listeningForFocus && root.addEventListener) {
root.addEventListener('focus', function() {
this.start();
}.bind(this));
root.addEventListener('blur', function() {
this.stop();
}.bind(this));
this.listeningForFocus = true;
}
return this;
};
EventedLoop.prototype.stop = function () {
clearInterval(this.intervalId);
this.intervalId = undefined;
return this;
};
EventedLoop.prototype.isStarted = function () {
return !!this.intervalId;
};
EventedLoop.prototype.on = function () {
var eventName = arguments[0];
var eventCallback = arguments[1];
EventEmitter.prototype.on.apply(this, arguments);
var o = {
remove: EventedLoop.prototype.removeListener.bind(this, eventName, eventCallback)
};
return o;
};
EventedLoop.prototype.every = EventedLoop.prototype.on;
// Export the EventedLoop object for **Node.js** or other
// commonjs systems. Otherwise, add it as a global object to the root
if (typeof exports !== 'undefined') {
if (typeof module !== 'undefined' && module.exports) {
exports = module.exports = EventedLoop;
}
exports.EventedLoop = EventedLoop;
}
if (typeof window !== 'undefined') {
window.EventedLoop = EventedLoop;
}
}).call(this);}).call(this,typeof self !== "undefined" ? self : typeof window !== "undefined" ? window : {})
},{"events":3,"underscore":2}],2:[function(require,module,exports){
// Underscore.js 1.6.0
// http://underscorejs.org
// (c) 2009-2014 Jeremy Ashkenas, DocumentCloud and Investigative Reporters & Editors
// Underscore may be freely distributed under the MIT license.
(function() {
// Baseline setup
// --------------
// Establish the root object, `window` in the browser, or `exports` on the server.
var root = this;
// Save the previous value of the `_` variable.
var previousUnderscore = root._;
// Establish the object that gets returned to break out of a loop iteration.
var breaker = {};
// Save bytes in the minified (but not gzipped) version:
var ArrayProto = Array.prototype, ObjProto = Object.prototype, FuncProto = Function.prototype;
// Create quick reference variables for speed access to core prototypes.
var
push = ArrayProto.push,
slice = ArrayProto.slice,
concat = ArrayProto.concat,
toString = ObjProto.toString,
hasOwnProperty = ObjProto.hasOwnProperty;
// All **ECMAScript 5** native function implementations that we hope to use
// are declared here.
var
nativeForEach = ArrayProto.forEach,
nativeMap = ArrayProto.map,
nativeReduce = ArrayProto.reduce,
nativeReduceRight = ArrayProto.reduceRight,
nativeFilter = ArrayProto.filter,
nativeEvery = ArrayProto.every,
nativeSome = ArrayProto.some,
nativeIndexOf = ArrayProto.indexOf,
nativeLastIndexOf = ArrayProto.lastIndexOf,
nativeIsArray = Array.isArray,
nativeKeys = Object.keys,
nativeBind = FuncProto.bind;
// Create a safe reference to the Underscore object for use below.
var _ = function(obj) {
if (obj instanceof _) return obj;
if (!(this instanceof _)) return new _(obj);
this._wrapped = obj;
};
// Export the Underscore object for **Node.js**, with
// backwards-compatibility for the old `require()` API. If we're in
// the browser, add `_` as a global object via a string identifier,
// for Closure Compiler "advanced" mode.
if (typeof exports !== 'undefined') {
if (typeof module !== 'undefined' && module.exports) {
exports = module.exports = _;
}
exports._ = _;
} else {
root._ = _;
}
// Current version.
_.VERSION = '1.6.0';
// Collection Functions
// --------------------
// The cornerstone, an `each` implementation, aka `forEach`.
// Handles objects with the built-in `forEach`, arrays, and raw objects.
// Delegates to **ECMAScript 5**'s native `forEach` if available.
var each = _.each = _.forEach = function(obj, iterator, context) {
if (obj == null) return obj;
if (nativeForEach && obj.forEach === nativeForEach) {
obj.forEach(iterator, context);
} else if (obj.length === +obj.length) {
for (var i = 0, length = obj.length; i < length; i++) {
if (iterator.call(context, obj[i], i, obj) === breaker) return;
}
} else {
var keys = _.keys(obj);
for (var i = 0, length = keys.length; i < length; i++) {
if (iterator.call(context, obj[keys[i]], keys[i], obj) === breaker) return;
}
}
return obj;
};
// Return the results of applying the iterator to each element.
// Delegates to **ECMAScript 5**'s native `map` if available.
_.map = _.collect = function(obj, iterator, context) {
var results = [];
if (obj == null) return results;
if (nativeMap && obj.map === nativeMap) return obj.map(iterator, context);
each(obj, function(value, index, list) {
results.push(iterator.call(context, value, index, list));
});
return results;
};
var reduceError = 'Reduce of empty array with no initial value';
// **Reduce** builds up a single result from a list of values, aka `inject`,
// or `foldl`. Delegates to **ECMAScript 5**'s native `reduce` if available.
_.reduce = _.foldl = _.inject = function(obj, iterator, memo, context) {
var initial = arguments.length > 2;
if (obj == null) obj = [];
if (nativeReduce && obj.reduce === nativeReduce) {
if (context) iterator = _.bind(iterator, context);
return initial ? obj.reduce(iterator, memo) : obj.reduce(iterator);
}
each(obj, function(value, index, list) {
if (!initial) {
memo = value;
initial = true;
} else {
memo = iterator.call(context, memo, value, index, list);
}
});
if (!initial) throw new TypeError(reduceError);
return memo;
};
// The right-associative version of reduce, also known as `foldr`.
// Delegates to **ECMAScript 5**'s native `reduceRight` if available.
_.reduceRight = _.foldr = function(obj, iterator, memo, context) {
var initial = arguments.length > 2;
if (obj == null) obj = [];
if (nativeReduceRight && obj.reduceRight === nativeReduceRight) {
if (context) iterator = _.bind(iterator, context);
return initial ? obj.reduceRight(iterator, memo) : obj.reduceRight(iterator);
}
var length = obj.length;
if (length !== +length) {
var keys = _.keys(obj);
length = keys.length;
}
each(obj, function(value, index, list) {
index = keys ? keys[--length] : --length;
if (!initial) {
memo = obj[index];
initial = true;
} else {
memo = iterator.call(context, memo, obj[index], index, list);
}
});
if (!initial) throw new TypeError(reduceError);
return memo;
};
// Return the first value which passes a truth test. Aliased as `detect`.
_.find = _.detect = function(obj, predicate, context) {
var result;
any(obj, function(value, index, list) {
if (predicate.call(context, value, index, list)) {
result = value;
return true;
}
});
return result;
};
// Return all the elements that pass a truth test.
// Delegates to **ECMAScript 5**'s native `filter` if available.
// Aliased as `select`.
_.filter = _.select = function(obj, predicate, context) {
var results = [];
if (obj == null) return results;
if (nativeFilter && obj.filter === nativeFilter) return obj.filter(predicate, context);
each(obj, function(value, index, list) {
if (predicate.call(context, value, index, list)) results.push(value);
});
return results;
};
// Return all the elements for which a truth test fails.
_.reject = function(obj, predicate, context) {
return _.filter(obj, function(value, index, list) {
return !predicate.call(context, value, index, list);
}, context);
};
// Determine whether all of the elements match a truth test.
// Delegates to **ECMAScript 5**'s native `every` if available.
// Aliased as `all`.
_.every = _.all = function(obj, predicate, context) {
predicate || (predicate = _.identity);
var result = true;
if (obj == null) return result;
if (nativeEvery && obj.every === nativeEvery) return obj.every(predicate, context);
each(obj, function(value, index, list) {
if (!(result = result && predicate.call(context, value, index, list))) return breaker;
});
return !!result;
};
// Determine if at least one element in the object matches a truth test.
// Delegates to **ECMAScript 5**'s native `some` if available.
// Aliased as `any`.
var any = _.some = _.any = function(obj, predicate, context) {
predicate || (predicate = _.identity);
var result = false;
if (obj == null) return result;
if (nativeSome && obj.some === nativeSome) return obj.some(predicate, context);
each(obj, function(value, index, list) {
if (result || (result = predicate.call(context, value, index, list))) return breaker;
});
return !!result;
};
// Determine if the array or object contains a given value (using `===`).
// Aliased as `include`.
_.contains = _.include = function(obj, target) {
if (obj == null) return false;
if (nativeIndexOf && obj.indexOf === nativeIndexOf) return obj.indexOf(target) != -1;
return any(obj, function(value) {
return value === target;
});
};
// Invoke a method (with arguments) on every item in a collection.
_.invoke = function(obj, method) {
var args = slice.call(arguments, 2);
var isFunc = _.isFunction(method);
return _.map(obj, function(value) {
return (isFunc ? method : value[method]).apply(value, args);
});
};
// Convenience version of a common use case of `map`: fetching a property.
_.pluck = function(obj, key) {
return _.map(obj, _.property(key));
};
// Convenience version of a common use case of `filter`: selecting only objects
// containing specific `key:value` pairs.
_.where = function(obj, attrs) {
return _.filter(obj, _.matches(attrs));
};
// Convenience version of a common use case of `find`: getting the first object
// containing specific `key:value` pairs.
_.findWhere = function(obj, attrs) {
return _.find(obj, _.matches(attrs));
};
// Return the maximum element or (element-based computation).
// Can't optimize arrays of integers longer than 65,535 elements.
// See [WebKit Bug 80797](https://bugs.webkit.org/show_bug.cgi?id=80797)
_.max = function(obj, iterator, context) {
if (!iterator && _.isArray(obj) && obj[0] === +obj[0] && obj.length < 65535) {
return Math.max.apply(Math, obj);
}
var result = -Infinity, lastComputed = -Infinity;
each(obj, function(value, index, list) {
var computed = iterator ? iterator.call(context, value, index, list) : value;
if (computed > lastComputed) {
result = value;
lastComputed = computed;
}
});
return result;
};
// Return the minimum element (or element-based computation).
_.min = function(obj, iterator, context) {
if (!iterator && _.isArray(obj) && obj[0] === +obj[0] && obj.length < 65535) {
return Math.min.apply(Math, obj);
}
var result = Infinity, lastComputed = Infinity;
each(obj, function(value, index, list) {
var computed = iterator ? iterator.call(context, value, index, list) : value;
if (computed < lastComputed) {
result = value;
lastComputed = computed;
}
});
return result;
};
// Shuffle an array, using the modern version of the
// [Fisher-Yates shuffle](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fisher–Yates_shuffle).
_.shuffle = function(obj) {
var rand;
var index = 0;
var shuffled = [];
each(obj, function(value) {
rand = _.random(index++);
shuffled[index - 1] = shuffled[rand];
shuffled[rand] = value;
});
return shuffled;
};
// Sample **n** random values from a collection.
// If **n** is not specified, returns a single random element.
// The internal `guard` argument allows it to work with `map`.
_.sample = function(obj, n, guard) {
if (n == null || guard) {
if (obj.length !== +obj.length) obj = _.values(obj);
return obj[_.random(obj.length - 1)];
}
return _.shuffle(obj).slice(0, Math.max(0, n));
};
// An internal function to generate lookup iterators.
var lookupIterator = function(value) {
if (value == null) return _.identity;
if (_.isFunction(value)) return value;
return _.property(value);
};
// Sort the object's values by a criterion produced by an iterator.
_.sortBy = function(obj, iterator, context) {
iterator = lookupIterator(iterator);
return _.pluck(_.map(obj, function(value, index, list) {
return {
value: value,
index: index,
criteria: iterator.call(context, value, index, list)
};
}).sort(function(left, right) {
var a = left.criteria;
var b = right.criteria;
if (a !== b) {
if (a > b || a === void 0) return 1;
if (a < b || b === void 0) return -1;
}
return left.index - right.index;
}), 'value');
};
// An internal function used for aggregate "group by" operations.
var group = function(behavior) {
return function(obj, iterator, context) {
var result = {};
iterator = lookupIterator(iterator);
each(obj, function(value, index) {
var key = iterator.call(context, value, index, obj);
behavior(result, key, value);
});
return result;
};
};
// Groups the object's values by a criterion. Pass either a string attribute
// to group by, or a function that returns the criterion.
_.groupBy = group(function(result, key, value) {
_.has(result, key) ? result[key].push(value) : result[key] = [value];
});
// Indexes the object's values by a criterion, similar to `groupBy`, but for
// when you know that your index values will be unique.
_.indexBy = group(function(result, key, value) {
result[key] = value;
});
// Counts instances of an object that group by a certain criterion. Pass
// either a string attribute to count by, or a function that returns the
// criterion.
_.countBy = group(function(result, key) {
_.has(result, key) ? result[key]++ : result[key] = 1;
});
// Use a comparator function to figure out the smallest index at which
// an object should be inserted so as to maintain order. Uses binary search.
_.sortedIndex = function(array, obj, iterator, context) {
iterator = lookupIterator(iterator);
var value = iterator.call(context, obj);
var low = 0, high = array.length;
while (low < high) {
var mid = (low + high) >>> 1;
iterator.call(context, array[mid]) < value ? low = mid + 1 : high = mid;
}
return low;
};
// Safely create a real, live array from anything iterable.
_.toArray = function(obj) {
if (!obj) return [];
if (_.isArray(obj)) return slice.call(obj);
if (obj.length === +obj.length) return _.map(obj, _.identity);
return _.values(obj);
};
// Return the number of elements in an object.
_.size = function(obj) {
if (obj == null) return 0;
return (obj.length === +obj.length) ? obj.length : _.keys(obj).length;
};
// Array Functions
// ---------------
// Get the first element of an array. Passing **n** will return the first N
// values in the array. Aliased as `head` and `take`. The **guard** check
// allows it to work with `_.map`.
_.first = _.head = _.take = function(array, n, guard) {
if (array == null) return void 0;
if ((n == null) || guard) return array[0];
if (n < 0) return [];
return slice.call(array, 0, n);
};
// Returns everything but the last entry of the array. Especially useful on
// the arguments object. Passing **n** will return all the values in
// the array, excluding the last N. The **guard** check allows it to work with
// `_.map`.
_.initial = function(array, n, guard) {
return slice.call(array, 0, array.length - ((n == null) || guard ? 1 : n));
};
// Get the last element of an array. Passing **n** will return the last N
// values in the array. The **guard** check allows it to work with `_.map`.
_.last = function(array, n, guard) {
if (array == null) return void 0;
if ((n == null) || guard) return array[array.length - 1];
return slice.call(array, Math.max(array.length - n, 0));
};
// Returns everything but the first entry of the array. Aliased as `tail` and `drop`.
// Especially useful on the arguments object. Passing an **n** will return
// the rest N values in the array. The **guard**
// check allows it to work with `_.map`.
_.rest = _.tail = _.drop = function(array, n, guard) {
return slice.call(array, (n == null) || guard ? 1 : n);
};
// Trim out all falsy values from an array.
_.compact = function(array) {
return _.filter(array, _.identity);
};
// Internal implementation of a recursive `flatten` function.
var flatten = function(input, shallow, output) {
if (shallow && _.every(input, _.isArray)) {
return concat.apply(output, input);
}
each(input, function(value) {
if (_.isArray(value) || _.isArguments(value)) {
shallow ? push.apply(output, value) : flatten(value, shallow, output);
} else {
output.push(value);
}
});
return output;
};
// Flatten out an array, either recursively (by default), or just one level.
_.flatten = function(array, shallow) {
return flatten(array, shallow, []);
};
// Return a version of the array that does not contain the specified value(s).
_.without = function(array) {
return _.difference(array, slice.call(arguments, 1));
};
// Split an array into two arrays: one whose elements all satisfy the given
// predicate, and one whose elements all do not satisfy the predicate.
_.partition = function(array, predicate) {
var pass = [], fail = [];
each(array, function(elem) {
(predicate(elem) ? pass : fail).push(elem);
});
return [pass, fail];
};
// Produce a duplicate-free version of the array. If the array has already
// been sorted, you have the option of using a faster algorithm.
// Aliased as `unique`.
_.uniq = _.unique = function(array, isSorted, iterator, context) {
if (_.isFunction(isSorted)) {
context = iterator;
iterator = isSorted;
isSorted = false;
}
var initial = iterator ? _.map(array, iterator, context) : array;
var results = [];
var seen = [];
each(initial, function(value, index) {
if (isSorted ? (!index || seen[seen.length - 1] !== value) : !_.contains(seen, value)) {
seen.push(value);
results.push(array[index]);
}
});
return results;
};
// Produce an array that contains the union: each distinct element from all of
// the passed-in arrays.
_.union = function() {
return _.uniq(_.flatten(arguments, true));
};
// Produce an array that contains every item shared between all the
// passed-in arrays.
_.intersection = function(array) {
var rest = slice.call(arguments, 1);
return _.filter(_.uniq(array), function(item) {
return _.every(rest, function(other) {
return _.contains(other, item);
});
});
};
// Take the difference between one array and a number of other arrays.
// Only the elements present in just the first array will remain.
_.difference = function(array) {
var rest = concat.apply(ArrayProto, slice.call(arguments, 1));
return _.filter(array, function(value){ return !_.contains(rest, value); });
};
// Zip together multiple lists into a single array -- elements that share
// an index go together.
_.zip = function() {
var length = _.max(_.pluck(arguments, 'length').concat(0));
var results = new Array(length);
for (var i = 0; i < length; i++) {
results[i] = _.pluck(arguments, '' + i);
}
return results;
};
// Converts lists into objects. Pass either a single array of `[key, value]`
// pairs, or two parallel arrays of the same length -- one of keys, and one of
// the corresponding values.
_.object = function(list, values) {
if (list == null) return {};
var result = {};
for (var i = 0, length = list.length; i < length; i++) {
if (values) {
result[list[i]] = values[i];
} else {
result[list[i][0]] = list[i][1];
}
}
return result;
};
// If the browser doesn't supply us with indexOf (I'm looking at you, **MSIE**),
// we need this function. Return the position of the first occurrence of an
// item in an array, or -1 if the item is not included in the array.
// Delegates to **ECMAScript 5**'s native `indexOf` if available.
// If the array is large and already in sort order, pass `true`
// for **isSorted** to use binary search.
_.indexOf = function(array, item, isSorted) {
if (array == null) return -1;
var i = 0, length = array.length;
if (isSorted) {
if (typeof isSorted == 'number') {
i = (isSorted < 0 ? Math.max(0, length + isSorted) : isSorted);
} else {
i = _.sortedIndex(array, item);
return array[i] === item ? i : -1;
}
}
if (nativeIndexOf && array.indexOf === nativeIndexOf) return array.indexOf(item, isSorted);
for (; i < length; i++) if (array[i] === item) return i;
return -1;
};
// Delegates to **ECMAScript 5**'s native `lastIndexOf` if available.
_.lastIndexOf = function(array, item, from) {
if (array == null) return -1;
var hasIndex = from != null;
if (nativeLastIndexOf && array.lastIndexOf === nativeLastIndexOf) {
return hasIndex ? array.lastIndexOf(item, from) : array.lastIndexOf(item);
}
var i = (hasIndex ? from : array.length);
while (i--) if (array[i] === item) return i;
return -1;
};
// Generate an integer Array containing an arithmetic progression. A port of
// the native Python `range()` function. See
// [the Python documentation](http://docs.python.org/library/functions.html#range).
_.range = function(start, stop, step) {
if (arguments.length <= 1) {
stop = start || 0;
start = 0;
}
step = arguments[2] || 1;
var length = Math.max(Math.ceil((stop - start) / step), 0);
var idx = 0;
var range = new Array(length);
while(idx < length) {
range[idx++] = start;
start += step;
}
return range;
};
// Function (ahem) Functions
// ------------------
// Reusable constructor function for prototype setting.
var ctor = function(){};
// Create a function bound to a given object (assigning `this`, and arguments,
// optionally). Delegates to **ECMAScript 5**'s native `Function.bind` if
// available.
_.bind = function(func, context) {
var args, bound;
if (nativeBind && func.bind === nativeBind) return nativeBind.apply(func, slice.call(arguments, 1));
if (!_.isFunction(func)) throw new TypeError;
args = slice.call(arguments, 2);
return bound = function() {
if (!(this instanceof bound)) return func.apply(context, args.concat(slice.call(arguments)));
ctor.prototype = func.prototype;
var self = new ctor;
ctor.prototype = null;
var result = func.apply(self, args.concat(slice.call(arguments)));
if (Object(result) === result) return result;
return self;
};
};
// Partially apply a function by creating a version that has had some of its
// arguments pre-filled, without changing its dynamic `this` context. _ acts
// as a placeholder, allowing any combination of arguments to be pre-filled.
_.partial = function(func) {
var boundArgs = slice.call(arguments, 1);
return function() {
var position = 0;
var args = boundArgs.slice();
for (var i = 0, length = args.length; i < length; i++) {
if (args[i] === _) args[i] = arguments[position++];
}
while (position < arguments.length) args.push(arguments[position++]);
return func.apply(this, args);
};
};
// Bind a number of an object's methods to that object. Remaining arguments
// are the method names to be bound. Useful for ensuring that all callbacks
// defined on an object belong to it.
_.bindAll = function(obj) {
var funcs = slice.call(arguments, 1);
if (funcs.length === 0) throw new Error('bindAll must be passed function names');
each(funcs, function(f) { obj[f] = _.bind(obj[f], obj); });
return obj;
};
// Memoize an expensive function by storing its results.
_.memoize = function(func, hasher) {
var memo = {};
hasher || (hasher = _.identity);
return function() {
var key = hasher.apply(this, arguments);
return _.has(memo, key) ? memo[key] : (memo[key] = func.apply(this, arguments));
};
};
// Delays a function for the given number of milliseconds, and then calls
// it with the arguments supplied.
_.delay = function(func, wait) {
var args = slice.call(arguments, 2);
return setTimeout(function(){ return func.apply(null, args); }, wait);
};
// Defers a function, scheduling it to run after the current call stack has
// cleared.
_.defer = function(func) {
return _.delay.apply(_, [func, 1].concat(slice.call(arguments, 1)));
};
// Returns a function, that, when invoked, will only be triggered at most once
// during a given window of time. Normally, the throttled function will run
// as much as it can, without ever going more than once per `wait` duration;
// but if you'd like to disable the execution on the leading edge, pass
// `{leading: false}`. To disable execution on the trailing edge, ditto.
_.throttle = function(func, wait, options) {
var context, args, result;
var timeout = null;
var previous = 0;
options || (options = {});
var later = function() {
previous = options.leading === false ? 0 : _.now();
timeout = null;
result = func.apply(context, args);
context = args = null;
};
return function() {
var now = _.now();
if (!previous && options.leading === false) previous = now;
var remaining = wait - (now - previous);
context = this;
args = arguments;
if (remaining <= 0) {
clearTimeout(timeout);
timeout = null;
previous = now;
result = func.apply(context, args);
context = args = null;
} else if (!timeout && options.trailing !== false) {
timeout = setTimeout(later, remaining);
}
return result;
};
};
// Returns a function, that, as long as it continues to be invoked, will not
// be triggered. The function will be called after it stops being called for
// N milliseconds. If `immediate` is passed, trigger the function on the
// leading edge, instead of the trailing.
_.debounce = function(func, wait, immediate) {
var timeout, args, context, timestamp, result;
var later = function() {
var last = _.now() - timestamp;
if (last < wait) {
timeout = setTimeout(later, wait - last);
} else {
timeout = null;
if (!immediate) {
result = func.apply(context, args);
context = args = null;
}
}
};
return function() {
context = this;
args = arguments;
timestamp = _.now();
var callNow = immediate && !timeout;
if (!timeout) {
timeout = setTimeout(later, wait);
}
if (callNow) {
result = func.apply(context, args);
context = args = null;
}
return result;
};
};
// Returns a function that will be executed at most one time, no matter how
// often you call it. Useful for lazy initialization.
_.once = function(func) {
var ran = false, memo;
return function() {
if (ran) return memo;
ran = true;
memo = func.apply(this, arguments);
func = null;
return memo;
};
};
// Returns the first function passed as an argument to the second,
// allowing you to adjust arguments, run code before and after, and
// conditionally execute the original function.
_.wrap = function(func, wrapper) {
return _.partial(wrapper, func);
};
// Returns a function that is the composition of a list of functions, each
// consuming the return value of the function that follows.
_.compose = function() {
var funcs = arguments;
return function() {
var args = arguments;
for (var i = funcs.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
args = [funcs[i].apply(this, args)];
}
return args[0];
};
};
// Returns a function that will only be executed after being called N times.
_.after = function(times, func) {
return function() {
if (--times < 1) {
return func.apply(this, arguments);
}
};
};
// Object Functions
// ----------------
// Retrieve the names of an object's properties.
// Delegates to **ECMAScript 5**'s native `Object.keys`
_.keys = function(obj) {
if (!_.isObject(obj)) return [];
if (nativeKeys) return nativeKeys(obj);
var keys = [];
for (var key in obj) if (_.has(obj, key)) keys.push(key);
return keys;
};