diff --git a/axlearn/common/checkpointer_orbax.py b/axlearn/common/checkpointer_orbax.py
index 26c84d57..affe69cb 100644
--- a/axlearn/common/checkpointer_orbax.py
+++ b/axlearn/common/checkpointer_orbax.py
@@ -226,6 +226,12 @@ def save_fn_with_summaries(step: int, last_saved_step: Optional[int]) -> bool:
             step_prefix=STEP_PREFIX,
             step_format_fixed_length=STEP_NUM_DIGITS,
         )
+        # TODO(matthew_e_hopkins): bring back save_concurrent_gb and restore_concurrent_gb
+        # after bumping up the Jax version.
+        if cfg.max_concurrent_restore_gb is not None:
+            raise NotImplementedError(
+                "Orbax version (0.5.23) doesn't support separate save/restore concurrent_gb."
+            )
         self._manager = ocp.CheckpointManager(
             directory=cfg.dir,
             options=ocp.CheckpointManagerOptions(
@@ -245,8 +251,7 @@ def save_fn_with_summaries(step: int, last_saved_step: Optional[int]) -> bool:
                 # Note that this defaults to use_ocdb=True. Note also that custom `TypeHandler`s are
                 # ignored by `StandardCheckpointHandler`, so we use `PyTreeCheckpointHandler`.
                 "state": ocp.PyTreeCheckpointHandler(
-                    save_concurrent_gb=cfg.max_concurrent_save_gb,
-                    restore_concurrent_gb=cfg.max_concurrent_restore_gb,
+                    concurrent_gb=cfg.max_concurrent_save_gb,
                 ),
             },
         )
diff --git a/axlearn/common/checkpointer_test.py b/axlearn/common/checkpointer_test.py
index 7e348530..de8f81d2 100644
--- a/axlearn/common/checkpointer_test.py
+++ b/axlearn/common/checkpointer_test.py
@@ -121,20 +121,33 @@ def test_save_and_restore(self, checkpointer_cls: Type[BaseCheckpointer]):
                         x=jnp.zeros([], dtype=jnp.int32), y=jnp.ones([3], dtype=jnp.float32)
                     ),
                 )
-
-            # When the given state has a different dict shape: [1] instead of [] for x.
-            # Orbax throws AssertionError in this case.
-            with self.assertRaisesRegex(
-                (AssertionError, ValueError),
-                "(checkpoint tree dtypes or shapes|not compatible)",
-            ):
-                ckpt.restore(
-                    step=None,
-                    state=dict(
-                        x=jnp.zeros([1], dtype=jnp.int32),
-                        y=jnp.ones([2], dtype=jnp.float32),
-                    ),
-                )
+            # TODO(matthew_e_hopkins): revert it once upgrade jax version.
+            if checkpointer_cls is Checkpointer:
+                # When the given state has a different dict shape: [1] instead of [] for x.
+                # Orbax throws AssertionError in this case.
+                with self.assertRaisesRegex(
+                    (AssertionError, ValueError),
+                    "(checkpoint tree dtypes or shapes|not compatible)",
+                ):
+                    ckpt.restore(
+                        step=None,
+                        state=dict(
+                            x=jnp.zeros([1], dtype=jnp.int32),
+                            y=jnp.ones([2], dtype=jnp.float32),
+                        ),
+                    )
+            else:
+                with self.assertRaisesRegex(
+                    (AssertionError, ValueError),
+                    "Cannot intersect index domain",
+                ):
+                    ckpt.restore(
+                        step=None,
+                        state=dict(
+                            x=jnp.zeros([1], dtype=jnp.int32),
+                            y=jnp.ones([2], dtype=jnp.float32),
+                        ),
+                    )
 
             # When the given state has a different dtype: float32 instead of int32 for x.
             with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError, "checkpoint tree dtypes or shapes"):
diff --git a/pyproject.toml b/pyproject.toml
index d0bc333a..35610db0 100644
--- a/pyproject.toml
+++ b/pyproject.toml
@@ -24,8 +24,8 @@ core = [
     "chex==0.1.86",  # chex 0.1.86 is required for jax 0.4.25.
     "einops==0.8.0",
     "importlab==0.7",  # breaks pytype on 0.8
-    "jax==0.4.34",
-    "jaxlib==0.4.34",
+    "jax==0.4.33",
+    "jaxlib==0.4.33",
     "nltk==3.7",  # for text preprocessing
     "optax==0.1.7",  # optimizers (0.1.0 has known bugs).
     "portpicker",
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ dataflow = [
 # GPU custom kernel dependency.
 gpu = [
     "triton==2.1.0",
-    "jax[cuda12]==0.4.34",
+    "jax[cuda12]==0.4.33",
 ]
 # Open API inference.
 open_api = [
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ mmau = [
 # Orbax checkpointing.
 orbax = [
     "humanize==4.10.0",
-    "orbax-checkpoint==0.9.1",
+    "orbax-checkpoint==0.5.23",
 ]
 # Grain input processing. Currently does not support macos.
 grain = [