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Containerizing Shiny for Python

We follow the Get started guide. The following commands generate the app file that we will use (see inside the basic folder):

pip install shiny
shiny create basic
shiny run --reload basic/app.py

You can read more about FastAPI deployment.

We will use the app with plot example that is in the basic/app.py file with the requirements.

Here is how the Dockerfile looks like:

FROM python:3.9

# Add user an change working directory and user
RUN addgroup --system app && adduser --system --ingroup app app
WORKDIR /home/app
RUN chown app:app -R /home/app
USER app

# Install requirements
COPY basic/requirements.txt .
RUN pip install --no-cache-dir --upgrade -r requirements.txt

# Copy the app
COPY basic .

# Run app on port 8080
EXPOSE 8080
CMD ["uvicorn", "app:app", "--host", "0.0.0.0", "--port", "8080"]

Build, test run the image, and push to Docker Hub:

# build
# docker build -t analythium/python-shiny:0.1 .
docker buildx build --platform=linux/amd64 -t analythium/python-shiny:0.1 .

# run: open http://127.0.0.1:8080
docker run -p 8080:8080 analythium/python-shiny:0.1

# push
docker push analythium/python-shiny:0.1

Shinylive

Shinylive is an experimental feature (Shiny + WebAssembly) that allows applications to run entirely in a web browser, without the need for a separate server running Python.

Let's create the simplest Shiny app again inside the live folder:

shiny create live

Add a live/requirements.txt file with the following contents (Shinylive is installed on its own, no need to include):

shiny

The dockerfile follows the pattern from the static R Markdown deployment:

  • install requirements + Shinylive
  • copy the app
  • build Shinylive assets in the site folder
  • copy the site folder into a minimal image alongside the OpenFaaS watchdog and serve
FROM python:3.9 AS builder
WORKDIR /root
COPY live/requirements.txt .
RUN pip install shinylive
RUN pip install --no-cache-dir --upgrade -r requirements.txt
COPY live app
RUN shinylive export app site

FROM ghcr.io/openfaas/of-watchdog:0.9.6 AS watchdog

FROM alpine:latest
RUN mkdir /app
COPY --from=builder /root/site /app
COPY --from=watchdog /fwatchdog .
ENV mode="static"
ENV static_path="/app"
HEALTHCHECK --interval=3s CMD [ -e /tmp/.lock ] || exit 1
CMD ["./fwatchdog"]

Build, test, push:

# build
# docker build -f Dockerfile.live -t analythium/python-shiny-live:0.1 .
docker buildx build --platform=linux/amd64  -f Dockerfile.live -t analythium/python-shiny-live:0.1 .

# run: open http://127.0.0.1:8080
docker run -p 8080:8080 analythium/python-shiny-live:0.1

# push
docker push analythium/python-shiny-live:0.1