5b138720-aad6-df90-305e-72adb644d7dd.md

Using If...Then...Else Statements

You can use the If...Then...Else statement to run a specificstatement or a block of statements, depending on the value of a condition. If...Then...Else statements can be nested to as many levels as you need. However, for readability, you may want to use a Select Case statement rather than multiple levels of nested If...Then...Else statements.

Running Statements if a Condition is True

To run only one statement when a condition is True, use the single-line syntax of the If...Then...Else statement. The following example shows the single-line syntax, omitting the Elsekeyword:

Sub FixDate() 
 myDate = #2/13/95# 
 If myDate < Now Then myDate = Now 
End Sub

To run more than one line of code, you must use the multiple-line syntax. This syntax includes the End If statement, as shown in the following example:

Sub AlertUser(value as Long) 
 If value = 0 Then 
 AlertLabel.ForeColor = "Red" 
 AlertLabel.Font.Bold = True 
 AlertLabel.Font.Italic = True 
 End If 
End Sub

Running Certain Statements if a Condition is True and Running Others if It's False

Use an If...Then...Else statement to define two blocks of executable statements: one block runs if the condition is True, the other block runs if the condition is False.

Sub AlertUser(value as Long) 
 If value = 0 Then 
 AlertLabel.ForeColor = vbRed 
 AlertLabel.Font.Bold = True 
 AlertLabel.Font.Italic = True 
 Else 
 AlertLabel.Forecolor = vbBlack 
 AlertLabel.Font.Bold = False 
 AlertLabel.Font.Italic = False 
 End If 
End Sub

Testing a Second Condition if the First Condition is False

You can add ElseIf statements to an If...Then...Else statement to test a second condition if the first condition is False. For example, the following function procedure computes a bonus based on job classification. The statement following the Else statement runs if the conditions in all of the If and ElseIf statements are False.

Function Bonus(performance, salary) 
 If performance = 1 Then 
 Bonus = salary * 0.1 
 ElseIf performance = 2 Then 
 Bonus = salary * 0.09 
 ElseIf performance = 3 Then 
 Bonus = salary * 0.07 
 Else 
 Bonus = 0 
 End If 
End Function