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matcher.html
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<!DOCTYPE html>
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<title>Matching elements | Spoon</title>
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<h1 class="post-title-main">Matching elements</h1>
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<div class="post-content">
<p>Spoon provides a way to declaratively specify a code snippet to match, this is called a <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">TemplateMatcher</code>.
For instance, the following snippet matches any if statement parametrized with a collection expression:</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>if (_col_.S().size() > 10)
throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException();
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>It would match the following code elements:</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>// c is a local variable, a method parameter or a field;
if (c.size() > 10)
throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException();
---
//foo() returns a collection
if (foo().size() > 10)
throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException();
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>To define a template matcher one must:</p>
<ol>
<li>specify the “holes” of the template matcher</li>
<li>write the matcher in a dedicated method</li>
<li>instantiate TemplateMatcher and call method <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">find</code> or use it as Filter of a query.</li>
</ol>
<p>Taking again the same example.</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>public class CheckBoundMatcher {
// Step 1:
public TemplateParameter<Collection<?>> _col_;
// Step 2
public void matcher1() {
if (_col_.S().size() > 10)
throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException();
}
}
// Step 3, for instance in a main
// where to find the matching specification
CtClass<?> templateKlass = factory.Class().get(CheckBoundMatcher.class);
CtIf templateRoot = (CtIf) ((CtMethod) templateKlass.getElements(new NameFilter("matcher1")).get(0)).getBody().getStatement(0);
TemplateMatcher matcher = new TemplateMatcher(templateRoot);
for (CtElement elems : matcher.find(aPackage)) { ... };
//or TemplateMatcher as a Filter of query
aPackage.filterChildren(matcher).forEach((CtElement elem)->{ ... });
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>For named elements, a wildcard can be specified: if the named element (e.g., a method) to be matched is called <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">f</code> and the template matcher class contains a template parameter called <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">f</code> (of type Object), all methods starting by <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">f</code> will be matched.</p>
<p>Note, the matching process ignores some information in the AST nodes: comments; position; implicitness and casts. See <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">roleToSkippedClass</code> in class <a href="https://github.com/INRIA/spoon/blob/master/src/main/java/spoon/pattern/internal/node/ElementNode.java">ElementNode</a></p>
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