ramping

// Pin configuration
const int motorPWM = 9;       // PWM output pin connected to the H-bridge for motor speed control
const int motorDir1 = 7;      // Digital pin for motor direction control (direction 1)
const int motorDir2 = 8;      // Digital pin for motor direction control (direction 2)
const int buttonPin = 2;      // Digital pin connected to the push button

// Variables for ramping control
int motorSpeed = 0;           // Current motor speed (0 to 255)
const int maxSpeed = 255;     // Maximum speed value for PWM
const int rampStep = 5;       // Step size for ramping (adjust for smoother or faster ramping)
const int rampDelay = 50;     // Delay between ramp steps (adjust for ramping speed)

void setup() {
    // Set up the pin modes
    pinMode(motorPWM, OUTPUT);     // Set PWM pin as output
    pinMode(motorDir1, OUTPUT);    // Set direction control pin 1 as output
    pinMode(motorDir2, OUTPUT);    // Set direction control pin 2 as output
    pinMode(buttonPin, INPUT_PULLUP);  // Set button pin as input with an internal pull-up resistor

    // Initialize the serial monitor for debugging
    Serial.begin(9600);

    // Initial motor state (stopped)
    analogWrite(motorPWM, 0); // Ensure the motor is not running at the start
}

void loop() {
    // Check if the button is pressed (LOW when pressed due to internal pull-up)
    if (digitalRead(buttonPin) == LOW) {
        // Set the motor direction (e.g., forward)
        digitalWrite(motorDir1, HIGH);
        digitalWrite(motorDir2, LOW);

        // Ramp up the motor speed until it reaches the maximum
        while (motorSpeed < maxSpeed) {
            motorSpeed += rampStep; // Increase speed by rampStep
            if (motorSpeed > maxSpeed) motorSpeed = maxSpeed; // Ensure it does not exceed maxSpeed
            analogWrite(motorPWM, motorSpeed); // Write the PWM value to the motor
            Serial.print("Ramping up, Speed: ");
            Serial.println(motorSpeed);
            delay(rampDelay); // Delay for smooth ramping
        }

        // Hold at max speed for demonstration
        delay(2000);

        // Ramp down the motor speed to zero
        while (motorSpeed > 0) {
            motorSpeed -= rampStep; // Decrease speed by rampStep
            if (motorSpeed < 0) motorSpeed = 0; // Ensure it does not go below 0
            analogWrite(motorPWM, motorSpeed); // Write the PWM value to the motor
            Serial.print("Ramping down, Speed: ");
            Serial.println(motorSpeed);
            delay(rampDelay); // Delay for smooth ramping
        }
    } else {
        // Stop the motor when the button is not pressed
        analogWrite(motorPWM, 0);
        Serial.println("Motor is OFF");
    }

    // Small delay for loop stability
    delay(10);
}