occlusionquery.cpp

/*
* Vulkan Example - Using occlusion query for visbility testing
*
* Copyright (C) 2016 by Sascha Willems - www.saschawillems.de
*
* This code is licensed under the MIT license (MIT) (http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT)
*/

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <vector>

#define GLM_FORCE_RADIANS
#include <glm/glm.hpp>
#include <glm/gtc/matrix_transform.hpp>

#include <vulkan/vulkan.h>
#include "vulkanexamplebase.h"

#define VERTEX_BUFFER_BIND_ID 0
//#define USE_GLSL
#define ENABLE_VALIDATION false

// Vertex layout used in this example
// Vertex layout for this example
std::vector<vkMeshLoader::VertexLayout> vertexLayout =
{
	vkMeshLoader::VERTEX_LAYOUT_POSITION,
	vkMeshLoader::VERTEX_LAYOUT_NORMAL,
	vkMeshLoader::VERTEX_LAYOUT_COLOR,
};

class VulkanExample : public VulkanExampleBase
{
public:
	struct {
		VkPipelineVertexInputStateCreateInfo inputState;
		std::vector<VkVertexInputBindingDescription> bindingDescriptions;
		std::vector<VkVertexInputAttributeDescription> attributeDescriptions;
	} vertices;

	struct {
		vkMeshLoader::MeshBuffer teapot;
		vkMeshLoader::MeshBuffer plane;
		vkMeshLoader::MeshBuffer sphere;
	} meshes;

	struct {
		vkTools::UniformData vsScene;
		vkTools::UniformData teapot;
		vkTools::UniformData sphere;
	} uniformData;

	struct {
		glm::mat4 projection;
		glm::mat4 model;
		glm::vec4 lightPos = glm::vec4(10.0f, 10.0f, 10.0f, 1.0f);
		float visible;
	} uboVS;

	struct {
		VkPipeline solid;
		VkPipeline occluder;
		// Pipeline with basic shaders used for occlusion pass
		VkPipeline simple;
	} pipelines;

	struct {
		VkDescriptorSet teapot;
		VkDescriptorSet sphere;
	} descriptorSets;

	VkPipelineLayout pipelineLayout;
	VkDescriptorSet descriptorSet;
	VkDescriptorSetLayout descriptorSetLayout;

	// Stores occlusion query results
	struct {
		VkBuffer buffer;
		VkDeviceMemory memory;
	} queryResult;

	// Pool that stores all occlusion queries
	VkQueryPool queryPool;

	// Passed query samples
	uint64_t passedSamples[2] = { 1,1 };

	VulkanExample() : VulkanExampleBase(ENABLE_VALIDATION)
	{
		width = 1280;
		height = 720;
		zoom = -35.0f;
		zoomSpeed = 2.5f;
		rotationSpeed = 0.5f;
		rotation = { 0.0, -123.75, 0.0 };
		title = "Vulkan Example - Occlusion queries";
#ifdef _WIN32 
		if (!ENABLE_VALIDATION) 
		{
			setupConsole(title);
		}
#endif
	}

	~VulkanExample()
	{
		// Clean up used Vulkan resources 
		// Note : Inherited destructor cleans up resources stored in base class
		vkDestroyPipeline(device, pipelines.solid, nullptr);
		vkDestroyPipeline(device, pipelines.occluder, nullptr);
		vkDestroyPipeline(device, pipelines.simple, nullptr);

		vkDestroyPipelineLayout(device, pipelineLayout, nullptr);
		vkDestroyDescriptorSetLayout(device, descriptorSetLayout, nullptr);

		vkDestroyQueryPool(device, queryPool, nullptr);

		vkDestroyBuffer(device, queryResult.buffer, nullptr);
		vkFreeMemory(device, queryResult.memory, nullptr);

		vkTools::destroyUniformData(device, &uniformData.vsScene);
		vkTools::destroyUniformData(device, &uniformData.sphere);
		vkTools::destroyUniformData(device, &uniformData.teapot);

		vkMeshLoader::freeMeshBufferResources(device, &meshes.sphere);
		vkMeshLoader::freeMeshBufferResources(device, &meshes.plane);
		vkMeshLoader::freeMeshBufferResources(device, &meshes.teapot);
	}

	// Create a buffer for storing the query result
	// Setup a query pool
	void setupQueryResultBuffer()
	{
		uint32_t bufSize = 2 * sizeof(uint64_t);

		VkMemoryRequirements memReqs;
		VkMemoryAllocateInfo memAlloc = vkTools::initializers::memoryAllocateInfo();
		VkBufferCreateInfo bufferCreateInfo = 
			vkTools::initializers::bufferCreateInfo(
				VK_BUFFER_USAGE_UNIFORM_BUFFER_BIT | VK_BUFFER_USAGE_TRANSFER_DST_BIT, 
				bufSize);

		VkResult err = vkCreateBuffer(device, &bufferCreateInfo, nullptr, &queryResult.buffer);
		assert(!err);
		vkGetBufferMemoryRequirements(device, queryResult.buffer, &memReqs);
		memAlloc.allocationSize = memReqs.size;
		getMemoryType(memReqs.memoryTypeBits, VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_VISIBLE_BIT, &memAlloc.memoryTypeIndex);
		err = vkAllocateMemory(device, &memAlloc, nullptr, &queryResult.memory);
		assert(!err);

		err = vkBindBufferMemory(device, queryResult.buffer, queryResult.memory, 0);
		assert(!err);

		// Create query pool
		VkQueryPoolCreateInfo queryPoolInfo = {};
		queryPoolInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_QUERY_POOL_CREATE_INFO;
		queryPoolInfo.queryType = VK_QUERY_TYPE_OCCLUSION;
		queryPoolInfo.queryCount = 2;

		err = vkCreateQueryPool(device, &queryPoolInfo, NULL, &queryPool);
		assert(!err);
	}

	// Retrieves the results of the occlusion queries submitted to the command buffer
	void getQueryResults()
	{
		VkResult err;
		err = vkGetQueryPoolResults(
			device, 
			queryPool,
			0,
			2,
			sizeof(passedSamples),
			passedSamples,
			sizeof(uint64_t),
			VK_QUERY_RESULT_64_BIT | VK_QUERY_RESULT_WAIT_BIT);

		assert(!err);
	}

	void buildCommandBuffers()
	{
		VkCommandBufferBeginInfo cmdBufInfo = vkTools::initializers::commandBufferBeginInfo();

		VkClearValue clearValues[2];
		clearValues[0].color = defaultClearColor;
		clearValues[1].depthStencil = { 1.0f, 0 };

		VkRenderPassBeginInfo renderPassBeginInfo = vkTools::initializers::renderPassBeginInfo();
		renderPassBeginInfo.renderPass = renderPass;
		renderPassBeginInfo.renderArea.offset.x = 0;
		renderPassBeginInfo.renderArea.offset.y = 0;
		renderPassBeginInfo.renderArea.extent.width = width;
		renderPassBeginInfo.renderArea.extent.height = height;
		renderPassBeginInfo.clearValueCount = 2;
		renderPassBeginInfo.pClearValues = clearValues;

		VkResult err;

		for (int32_t i = 0; i < drawCmdBuffers.size(); ++i)
		{
			// Set target frame buffer
			renderPassBeginInfo.framebuffer = frameBuffers[i];

			err = vkBeginCommandBuffer(drawCmdBuffers[i], &cmdBufInfo);
			assert(!err);

			// Reset query pool
			// Must be done outside of render pass
			vkCmdResetQueryPool(drawCmdBuffers[i], queryPool, 0, 2);

			vkCmdBeginRenderPass(drawCmdBuffers[i], &renderPassBeginInfo, VK_SUBPASS_CONTENTS_INLINE);

			VkViewport viewport = vkTools::initializers::viewport(
				(float)width,
				(float)height,
				0.0f,
				1.0f);
			vkCmdSetViewport(drawCmdBuffers[i], 0, 1, &viewport);

			VkRect2D scissor = vkTools::initializers::rect2D(
				width,
				height,
				0,
				0);
			vkCmdSetScissor(drawCmdBuffers[i], 0, 1, &scissor);

			VkDeviceSize offsets[1] = { 0 };

			glm::mat4 modelMatrix = glm::mat4();

			// Occlusion pass
			vkCmdBindPipeline(drawCmdBuffers[i], VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, pipelines.simple);

			// Occluder first
			vkCmdBindDescriptorSets(drawCmdBuffers[i], VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, pipelineLayout, 0, 1, &descriptorSet, 0, NULL);
			vkCmdBindVertexBuffers(drawCmdBuffers[i], VERTEX_BUFFER_BIND_ID, 1, &meshes.plane.vertices.buf, offsets);
			vkCmdBindIndexBuffer(drawCmdBuffers[i], meshes.plane.indices.buf, 0, VK_INDEX_TYPE_UINT32);
			vkCmdDrawIndexed(drawCmdBuffers[i], meshes.plane.indexCount, 1, 0, 0, 0);

			// Teapot
			vkCmdBeginQuery(drawCmdBuffers[i], queryPool, 0, VK_FLAGS_NONE);

			vkCmdBindDescriptorSets(drawCmdBuffers[i], VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, pipelineLayout, 0, 1, &descriptorSets.teapot, 0, NULL);
			vkCmdBindVertexBuffers(drawCmdBuffers[i], VERTEX_BUFFER_BIND_ID, 1, &meshes.teapot.vertices.buf, offsets);
			vkCmdBindIndexBuffer(drawCmdBuffers[i], meshes.teapot.indices.buf, 0, VK_INDEX_TYPE_UINT32);
			vkCmdDrawIndexed(drawCmdBuffers[i], meshes.teapot.indexCount, 1, 0, 0, 0);

			vkCmdEndQuery(drawCmdBuffers[i], queryPool, 0);

			// Sphere
			vkCmdBeginQuery(drawCmdBuffers[i], queryPool, 1, VK_FLAGS_NONE);

			vkCmdBindDescriptorSets(drawCmdBuffers[i], VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, pipelineLayout, 0, 1, &descriptorSets.sphere, 0, NULL);
			vkCmdBindVertexBuffers(drawCmdBuffers[i], VERTEX_BUFFER_BIND_ID, 1, &meshes.sphere.vertices.buf, offsets);
			vkCmdBindIndexBuffer(drawCmdBuffers[i], meshes.sphere.indices.buf, 0, VK_INDEX_TYPE_UINT32);
			vkCmdDrawIndexed(drawCmdBuffers[i], meshes.sphere.indexCount, 1, 0, 0, 0);

			vkCmdEndQuery(drawCmdBuffers[i], queryPool, 1);

			// Query results
			vkCmdCopyQueryPoolResults(
				drawCmdBuffers[i], 
				queryPool,
				0,
				2,
				queryResult.buffer,
				0,
				sizeof(uint64_t),
				VK_QUERY_RESULT_64_BIT | VK_QUERY_RESULT_WAIT_BIT);

			// Visible pass
			// Clear color and depth attachments
			VkClearAttachment clearAttachments[2] = {};

			clearAttachments[0].aspectMask = VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT;
			clearAttachments[0].clearValue.color = defaultClearColor;
			clearAttachments[0].colorAttachment = 0;

			clearAttachments[1].aspectMask = VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_DEPTH_BIT;
			clearAttachments[1].clearValue.depthStencil = { 1.0f, 0 };

			VkClearRect clearRect = {};
			clearRect.layerCount = 1;
			clearRect.rect.offset = { 0, 0 };
			clearRect.rect.extent = { width, height };

			vkCmdClearAttachments(
				drawCmdBuffers[i],
				2,
				clearAttachments,
				1,
				&clearRect);

			vkCmdBindPipeline(drawCmdBuffers[i], VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, pipelines.solid);

			// Teapot
			vkCmdBindDescriptorSets(drawCmdBuffers[i], VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, pipelineLayout, 0, 1, &descriptorSets.teapot, 0, NULL);
			vkCmdBindVertexBuffers(drawCmdBuffers[i], VERTEX_BUFFER_BIND_ID, 1, &meshes.teapot.vertices.buf, offsets);
			vkCmdBindIndexBuffer(drawCmdBuffers[i], meshes.teapot.indices.buf, 0, VK_INDEX_TYPE_UINT32);
			vkCmdDrawIndexed(drawCmdBuffers[i], meshes.teapot.indexCount, 1, 0, 0, 0);

			// Sphere
			vkCmdBindDescriptorSets(drawCmdBuffers[i], VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, pipelineLayout, 0, 1, &descriptorSets.sphere, 0, NULL);
			vkCmdBindVertexBuffers(drawCmdBuffers[i], VERTEX_BUFFER_BIND_ID, 1, &meshes.sphere.vertices.buf, offsets);
			vkCmdBindIndexBuffer(drawCmdBuffers[i], meshes.sphere.indices.buf, 0, VK_INDEX_TYPE_UINT32);
			vkCmdDrawIndexed(drawCmdBuffers[i], meshes.sphere.indexCount, 1, 0, 0, 0);

			// Occluder
			vkCmdBindPipeline(drawCmdBuffers[i], VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, pipelines.occluder);
			vkCmdBindDescriptorSets(drawCmdBuffers[i], VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, pipelineLayout, 0, 1, &descriptorSet, 0, NULL);
			vkCmdBindVertexBuffers(drawCmdBuffers[i], VERTEX_BUFFER_BIND_ID, 1, &meshes.plane.vertices.buf, offsets);
			vkCmdBindIndexBuffer(drawCmdBuffers[i], meshes.plane.indices.buf, 0, VK_INDEX_TYPE_UINT32);
			vkCmdDrawIndexed(drawCmdBuffers[i], meshes.plane.indexCount, 1, 0, 0, 0);

			vkCmdEndRenderPass(drawCmdBuffers[i]);

			VkImageMemoryBarrier prePresentBarrier = vkTools::prePresentBarrier(swapChain.buffers[i].image);
			vkCmdPipelineBarrier(
				drawCmdBuffers[i],
				VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_ALL_COMMANDS_BIT,
				VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TOP_OF_PIPE_BIT,
				VK_FLAGS_NONE,
				0, nullptr,
				0, nullptr,
				1, &prePresentBarrier);

			err = vkEndCommandBuffer(drawCmdBuffers[i]);
			assert(!err);
		}
	}

	void draw()
	{
		VkResult err;
		VkSemaphore presentCompleteSemaphore;
		VkSemaphoreCreateInfo presentCompleteSemaphoreCreateInfo =
			vkTools::initializers::semaphoreCreateInfo(VK_FENCE_CREATE_SIGNALED_BIT);

		err = vkCreateSemaphore(device, &presentCompleteSemaphoreCreateInfo, nullptr, &presentCompleteSemaphore);
		assert(!err);

		// Get next image in the swap chain (back/front buffer)
		err = swapChain.acquireNextImage(presentCompleteSemaphore, &currentBuffer);
		assert(!err);

		VkSubmitInfo submitInfo = vkTools::initializers::submitInfo();
		submitInfo.waitSemaphoreCount = 1;
		submitInfo.pWaitSemaphores = &presentCompleteSemaphore;
		submitInfo.commandBufferCount = 1;
		submitInfo.pCommandBuffers = &drawCmdBuffers[currentBuffer];

		// Submit draw command buffer
		err = vkQueueSubmit(queue, 1, &submitInfo, VK_NULL_HANDLE);
		assert(!err);

		err = swapChain.queuePresent(queue, currentBuffer);
		assert(!err);

		vkDestroySemaphore(device, presentCompleteSemaphore, nullptr);

		submitPostPresentBarrier(swapChain.buffers[currentBuffer].image);

		err = vkQueueWaitIdle(queue);
		assert(!err);

		getQueryResults();
	}

	void loadMeshes()
	{
		loadMesh("./../data/models/plane_z.3ds", &meshes.plane, vertexLayout, 0.4f);
		loadMesh("./../data/models/teapot.3ds", &meshes.teapot, vertexLayout, 0.3f);
		loadMesh("./../data/models/sphere.3ds", &meshes.sphere, vertexLayout, 0.3f);
	}

	void setupVertexDescriptions()
	{
		// Binding description
		vertices.bindingDescriptions.resize(1);
		vertices.bindingDescriptions[0] =
			vkTools::initializers::vertexInputBindingDescription(
				VERTEX_BUFFER_BIND_ID,
				vkMeshLoader::vertexSize(vertexLayout),
				VK_VERTEX_INPUT_RATE_VERTEX);

		// Attribute descriptions
		// Describes memory layout and shader positions
		vertices.attributeDescriptions.resize(3);
		// Location 0 : Position
		vertices.attributeDescriptions[0] =
			vkTools::initializers::vertexInputAttributeDescription(
				VERTEX_BUFFER_BIND_ID,
				0,
				VK_FORMAT_R32G32B32_SFLOAT,
				0);
		// Location 1 : Normal
		vertices.attributeDescriptions[1] =
			vkTools::initializers::vertexInputAttributeDescription(
				VERTEX_BUFFER_BIND_ID,
				1,
				VK_FORMAT_R32G32B32_SFLOAT,
				sizeof(float) * 3);
		// Location 3 : Color
		vertices.attributeDescriptions[2] =
			vkTools::initializers::vertexInputAttributeDescription(
				VERTEX_BUFFER_BIND_ID,
				2,
				VK_FORMAT_R32G32B32_SFLOAT,
				sizeof(float) * 6);

		vertices.inputState = vkTools::initializers::pipelineVertexInputStateCreateInfo();
		vertices.inputState.vertexBindingDescriptionCount = vertices.bindingDescriptions.size();
		vertices.inputState.pVertexBindingDescriptions = vertices.bindingDescriptions.data();
		vertices.inputState.vertexAttributeDescriptionCount = vertices.attributeDescriptions.size();
		vertices.inputState.pVertexAttributeDescriptions = vertices.attributeDescriptions.data();
	}

	void setupDescriptorPool()
	{
		std::vector<VkDescriptorPoolSize> poolSizes =
		{
			vkTools::initializers::descriptorPoolSize(VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_UNIFORM_BUFFER, 3)
		};

		VkDescriptorPoolCreateInfo descriptorPoolInfo =
			vkTools::initializers::descriptorPoolCreateInfo(
				poolSizes.size(),
				poolSizes.data(),
				3);

		VkResult vkRes = vkCreateDescriptorPool(device, &descriptorPoolInfo, nullptr, &descriptorPool);
		assert(!vkRes);
	}

	void setupDescriptorSetLayout()
	{
		std::vector<VkDescriptorSetLayoutBinding> setLayoutBindings =
		{
			// Binding 0 : Vertex shader uniform buffer
			vkTools::initializers::descriptorSetLayoutBinding(
				VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_UNIFORM_BUFFER,
				VK_SHADER_STAGE_VERTEX_BIT,
				0)
		};

		VkDescriptorSetLayoutCreateInfo descriptorLayout =
			vkTools::initializers::descriptorSetLayoutCreateInfo(
				setLayoutBindings.data(),
				setLayoutBindings.size());

		VkResult err = vkCreateDescriptorSetLayout(device, &descriptorLayout, nullptr, &descriptorSetLayout);
		assert(!err);

		VkPipelineLayoutCreateInfo pPipelineLayoutCreateInfo =
			vkTools::initializers::pipelineLayoutCreateInfo(
				&descriptorSetLayout,
				1);

		err = vkCreatePipelineLayout(device, &pPipelineLayoutCreateInfo, nullptr, &pipelineLayout);
		assert(!err);
	}

	void setupDescriptorSets()
	{
		VkDescriptorSetAllocateInfo allocInfo =
			vkTools::initializers::descriptorSetAllocateInfo(
				descriptorPool,
				&descriptorSetLayout,
				1);

		// Occluder (plane)
		VkResult vkRes = vkAllocateDescriptorSets(device, &allocInfo, &descriptorSet);
		assert(!vkRes);

		std::vector<VkWriteDescriptorSet> writeDescriptorSets =
		{
			// Binding 0 : Vertex shader uniform buffer
			vkTools::initializers::writeDescriptorSet(
				descriptorSet,
				VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_UNIFORM_BUFFER,
				0,
				&uniformData.vsScene.descriptor)
		};

		vkUpdateDescriptorSets(device, writeDescriptorSets.size(), writeDescriptorSets.data(), 0, NULL);

		// teapot
		vkRes = vkAllocateDescriptorSets(device, &allocInfo, &descriptorSets.teapot);
		assert(!vkRes);
		writeDescriptorSets[0].dstSet = descriptorSets.teapot;
		writeDescriptorSets[0].pBufferInfo = &uniformData.teapot.descriptor;
		vkUpdateDescriptorSets(device, writeDescriptorSets.size(), writeDescriptorSets.data(), 0, NULL);

		// sphere
		vkRes = vkAllocateDescriptorSets(device, &allocInfo, &descriptorSets.sphere);
		assert(!vkRes);
		writeDescriptorSets[0].dstSet = descriptorSets.sphere;
		writeDescriptorSets[0].pBufferInfo = &uniformData.sphere.descriptor;
		vkUpdateDescriptorSets(device, writeDescriptorSets.size(), writeDescriptorSets.data(), 0, NULL);
	}

	void preparePipelines()
	{
		VkPipelineInputAssemblyStateCreateInfo inputAssemblyState =
			vkTools::initializers::pipelineInputAssemblyStateCreateInfo(
				VK_PRIMITIVE_TOPOLOGY_TRIANGLE_LIST,
				0,
				VK_FALSE);

		VkPipelineRasterizationStateCreateInfo rasterizationState =
			vkTools::initializers::pipelineRasterizationStateCreateInfo(
				VK_POLYGON_MODE_FILL,
				VK_CULL_MODE_BACK_BIT,
				VK_FRONT_FACE_CLOCKWISE,
				0);

		VkPipelineColorBlendAttachmentState blendAttachmentState =
			vkTools::initializers::pipelineColorBlendAttachmentState(
				0xf,
				VK_FALSE);

		VkPipelineColorBlendStateCreateInfo colorBlendState =
			vkTools::initializers::pipelineColorBlendStateCreateInfo(
				1,
				&blendAttachmentState);

		VkPipelineDepthStencilStateCreateInfo depthStencilState =
			vkTools::initializers::pipelineDepthStencilStateCreateInfo(
				VK_TRUE,
				VK_TRUE,
				VK_COMPARE_OP_LESS_OR_EQUAL);

		VkPipelineViewportStateCreateInfo viewportState =
			vkTools::initializers::pipelineViewportStateCreateInfo(1, 1, 0);

		VkPipelineMultisampleStateCreateInfo multisampleState =
			vkTools::initializers::pipelineMultisampleStateCreateInfo(
				VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_1_BIT,
				0);

		std::vector<VkDynamicState> dynamicStateEnables = {
			VK_DYNAMIC_STATE_VIEWPORT,
			VK_DYNAMIC_STATE_SCISSOR
		};
		VkPipelineDynamicStateCreateInfo dynamicState =
			vkTools::initializers::pipelineDynamicStateCreateInfo(
				dynamicStateEnables.data(),
				dynamicStateEnables.size(),
				0);

		// Solid rendering pipeline
		// Load shaders
		std::array<VkPipelineShaderStageCreateInfo, 2> shaderStages;

#ifdef USE_GLSL
		shaderStages[0] = loadShaderGLSL("./../data/shaders/occlusionquery/mesh.vert", VK_SHADER_STAGE_VERTEX_BIT);
		shaderStages[1] = loadShaderGLSL("./../data/shaders/occlusionquery/mesh.frag", VK_SHADER_STAGE_FRAGMENT_BIT);
#else
		shaderStages[0] = loadShader("./../data/shaders/occlusionquery/mesh.vert.spv", VK_SHADER_STAGE_VERTEX_BIT);
		shaderStages[1] = loadShader("./../data/shaders/occlusionquery/mesh.frag.spv", VK_SHADER_STAGE_FRAGMENT_BIT);
#endif

		VkGraphicsPipelineCreateInfo pipelineCreateInfo =
			vkTools::initializers::pipelineCreateInfo(
				pipelineLayout,
				renderPass,
				0);

		pipelineCreateInfo.pVertexInputState = &vertices.inputState;
		pipelineCreateInfo.pInputAssemblyState = &inputAssemblyState;
		pipelineCreateInfo.pRasterizationState = &rasterizationState;
		pipelineCreateInfo.pColorBlendState = &colorBlendState;
		pipelineCreateInfo.pMultisampleState = &multisampleState;
		pipelineCreateInfo.pViewportState = &viewportState;
		pipelineCreateInfo.pDepthStencilState = &depthStencilState;
		pipelineCreateInfo.pDynamicState = &dynamicState;
		pipelineCreateInfo.stageCount = shaderStages.size();
		pipelineCreateInfo.pStages = shaderStages.data();

		VkResult err = vkCreateGraphicsPipelines(device, pipelineCache, 1, &pipelineCreateInfo, nullptr, &pipelines.solid);
		assert(!err);

		// Simple pipeline

#ifdef USE_GLSL
		shaderStages[0] = loadShaderGLSL("./../data/shaders/occlusionquery/simple.vert", VK_SHADER_STAGE_VERTEX_BIT);
		shaderStages[1] = loadShaderGLSL("./../data/shaders/occlusionquery/simple.frag", VK_SHADER_STAGE_FRAGMENT_BIT);
#else
		shaderStages[0] = loadShader("./../data/shaders/occlusionquery/simple.vert.spv", VK_SHADER_STAGE_VERTEX_BIT);
		shaderStages[1] = loadShader("./../data/shaders/occlusionquery/simple.frag.spv", VK_SHADER_STAGE_FRAGMENT_BIT);
#endif
		rasterizationState.cullMode = VK_CULL_MODE_NONE;

		err = vkCreateGraphicsPipelines(device, pipelineCache, 1, &pipelineCreateInfo, nullptr, &pipelines.simple);
		assert(!err);

		// Visual pipeline for the occluder

#ifdef USE_GLSL
		shaderStages[0] = loadShaderGLSL("./../data/shaders/occlusionquery/occluder.vert", VK_SHADER_STAGE_VERTEX_BIT);
		shaderStages[1] = loadShaderGLSL("./../data/shaders/occlusionquery/occluder.frag", VK_SHADER_STAGE_FRAGMENT_BIT);
#else
		shaderStages[0] = loadShader("./../data/shaders/occlusionquery/occluder.vert.spv", VK_SHADER_STAGE_VERTEX_BIT);
		shaderStages[1] = loadShader("./../data/shaders/occlusionquery/occluder.frag.spv", VK_SHADER_STAGE_FRAGMENT_BIT);
#endif

		// Enable blending
		blendAttachmentState.blendEnable = VK_TRUE;
		blendAttachmentState.colorBlendOp = VK_BLEND_OP_ADD;
		blendAttachmentState.srcColorBlendFactor = VK_BLEND_FACTOR_SRC_COLOR;
		blendAttachmentState.dstColorBlendFactor = VK_BLEND_FACTOR_ONE_MINUS_SRC_COLOR;

		err = vkCreateGraphicsPipelines(device, pipelineCache, 1, &pipelineCreateInfo, nullptr, &pipelines.occluder);
		assert(!err);
	}

	// Prepare and initialize uniform buffer containing shader uniforms
	void prepareUniformBuffers()
	{
		// Vertex shader uniform buffer block
		createBuffer(
			VK_BUFFER_USAGE_UNIFORM_BUFFER_BIT,
			sizeof(uboVS),
			&uboVS,
			&uniformData.vsScene.buffer,
			&uniformData.vsScene.memory,
			&uniformData.vsScene.descriptor);

		// Teapot
		createBuffer(
			VK_BUFFER_USAGE_UNIFORM_BUFFER_BIT,
			sizeof(uboVS),
			&uboVS,
			&uniformData.teapot.buffer,
			&uniformData.teapot.memory,
			&uniformData.teapot.descriptor);

		// Sphere
		createBuffer(
			VK_BUFFER_USAGE_UNIFORM_BUFFER_BIT,
			sizeof(uboVS),
			&uboVS,
			&uniformData.sphere.buffer,
			&uniformData.sphere.memory,
			&uniformData.sphere.descriptor);

		updateUniformBuffers();
	}

	void updateUniformBuffers()
	{
		// Vertex shader
		glm::mat4 viewMatrix = glm::mat4();
		uboVS.projection = glm::perspective(deg_to_rad(60.0f), (float)width / (float)height, 0.1f, 256.0f);
		viewMatrix = glm::translate(viewMatrix, glm::vec3(0.0f, 0.0f, zoom));

		glm::mat4 rotMatrix = glm::mat4();
		rotMatrix = glm::rotate(rotMatrix, deg_to_rad(rotation.x), glm::vec3(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f));
		rotMatrix = glm::rotate(rotMatrix, deg_to_rad(rotation.y), glm::vec3(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f));
		rotMatrix = glm::rotate(rotMatrix, deg_to_rad(rotation.z), glm::vec3(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f));

		uboVS.model = glm::mat4();
		uboVS.model = viewMatrix * rotMatrix;;

		uboVS.visible = 1.0f;

		uint8_t *pData;
		VkResult err = vkMapMemory(device, uniformData.vsScene.memory, 0, sizeof(uboVS), 0, (void **)&pData);
		assert(!err);
		memcpy(pData, &uboVS, sizeof(uboVS));
		vkUnmapMemory(device, uniformData.vsScene.memory);

		// teapot
		// Toggle color depending on visibility
		uboVS.visible = (passedSamples[0] > 0) ? 1.0f : 0.0f;
		uboVS.model = viewMatrix * rotMatrix * glm::translate(glm::mat4(), glm::vec3(0.0f, 0.0f, -10.0f));
		err = vkMapMemory(device, uniformData.teapot.memory, 0, sizeof(uboVS), 0, (void **)&pData);
		assert(!err);
		memcpy(pData, &uboVS, sizeof(uboVS));
		vkUnmapMemory(device, uniformData.teapot.memory);

		// sphere
		// Toggle color depending on visibility
		uboVS.visible = (passedSamples[1] > 0) ? 1.0f : 0.0f;
		uboVS.model = viewMatrix * rotMatrix * glm::translate(glm::mat4(), glm::vec3(0.0f, 0.0f, 10.0f));
		err = vkMapMemory(device, uniformData.sphere.memory, 0, sizeof(uboVS), 0, (void **)&pData);
		assert(!err);
		memcpy(pData, &uboVS, sizeof(uboVS));
		vkUnmapMemory(device, uniformData.sphere.memory);
	}

	void prepare()
	{
		VulkanExampleBase::prepare();
		loadMeshes();
		setupQueryResultBuffer();
		setupVertexDescriptions();
		prepareUniformBuffers();
		setupDescriptorSetLayout();
		preparePipelines();
		setupDescriptorPool();
		setupDescriptorSets();
		buildCommandBuffers();
		prepared = true;
	}

	virtual void render()
	{
		if (!prepared)
			return;
		vkDeviceWaitIdle(device);
		draw();
		vkDeviceWaitIdle(device);
	}

	virtual void viewChanged()
	{
		updateUniformBuffers();
		std::cout << "Passed samples : Teapot = " << passedSamples[0] << " / Sphere = " << passedSamples[1] <<"\n";
	}
};

VulkanExample *vulkanExample;

#ifdef _WIN32

LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT uMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
	if (vulkanExample != NULL)
	{
		vulkanExample->handleMessages(hWnd, uMsg, wParam, lParam);
	}
	return (DefWindowProc(hWnd, uMsg, wParam, lParam));
}

#else 

static void handleEvent(const xcb_generic_event_t *event)
{
	if (vulkanExample != NULL)
	{
		vulkanExample->handleEvent(event);
	}
}
#endif

#ifdef _WIN32
int APIENTRY WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, LPSTR pCmdLine, int nCmdShow)
#else
int main(const int argc, const char *argv[])
#endif
{
	vulkanExample = new VulkanExample();
#ifdef _WIN32
	vulkanExample->setupWindow(hInstance, WndProc);
#else
	vulkanExample->setupWindow();
#endif
	vulkanExample->initSwapchain();
	vulkanExample->prepare();
	vulkanExample->renderLoop();
	delete(vulkanExample);
	return 0;
}