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<article id="post-046、数据库事务相关知识梳理" class="article global-container article-type-post" itemscope itemprop="blogPost">
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<a class="article-title" href="/2021/11/16/046%E3%80%81%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E5%BA%93%E4%BA%8B%E5%8A%A1%E7%9B%B8%E5%85%B3%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86%E6%A2%B3%E7%90%86/">046、数据库事务相关知识梳理</a>
</h1>
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<a href="/2021/11/16/046%E3%80%81%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E5%BA%93%E4%BA%8B%E5%8A%A1%E7%9B%B8%E5%85%B3%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86%E6%A2%B3%E7%90%86/" class="article-date">
<time datetime="2021-11-16T09:07:31.000Z" itemprop="datePublished">2021-11-16</time>
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<a class="article-category-link" href="/categories/%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E5%BA%93/">数据库</a>►<a class="article-category-link" href="/categories/%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E5%BA%93/MySQL/">MySQL</a>
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<ul class="article-tag-list" itemprop="keywords"><li class="article-tag-list-item"><a class="article-tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E7%B4%A2%E5%BC%95/" rel="tag">索引</a></li></ul>
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<h3 id="一、什么是事务"><a href="#一、什么是事务" class="headerlink" title="一、什么是事务"></a>一、什么是事务</h3><p>事务是一个对数据库操作的序列，是一个不可分割的工作单位，要不这个序列里面的操作全部执行，要不全部不执行。</p>
<p>事务具有四个特性（ACID）：</p>
<ul>
<li><p>原子性(Atomicity)：事务开始后所有操作，要么全部做完，要么全部不做，不可能停滞在中间环节。；</p>
</li>
<li><p>一致性(Consistency)：事务前后的数据完整性要保证一致 。比如A向B转账，不可能A扣了钱，B却没收到；</p>
</li>
<li><p>隔离性(Isolation)：同一时间，只允许一个事务请求同一数据，不同的事务之间彼此没有任何干扰。比如A正在从一张银行卡中取钱，在A取钱的过程结束前，B不能向这张卡转账；</p>
</li>
<li><p>持久性(Durability)：事务完成后，数据不随着外界原因导致数据丢失，事务对数据库的所有更新将被保存到数据库，不能回滚；</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p class="article-more-link">
<a href="/2021/11/16/046%E3%80%81%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E5%BA%93%E4%BA%8B%E5%8A%A1%E7%9B%B8%E5%85%B3%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86%E6%A2%B3%E7%90%86/#more">阅读全文</a>
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<article id="post-045.数据库索引知识梳理" class="article global-container article-type-post" itemscope itemprop="blogPost">
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<h1 itemprop="name">
<a class="article-title" href="/2021/11/15/045.%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E5%BA%93%E7%B4%A2%E5%BC%95%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86%E6%A2%B3%E7%90%86/">045.数据库索引知识梳理</a>
</h1>
</header>
<div class="article-meta">
<a href="/2021/11/15/045.%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E5%BA%93%E7%B4%A2%E5%BC%95%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86%E6%A2%B3%E7%90%86/" class="article-date">
<time datetime="2021-11-15T08:06:21.000Z" itemprop="datePublished">2021-11-15</time>
</a>
<div class="article-category">
<a class="article-category-link" href="/categories/%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E5%BA%93/">数据库</a>►<a class="article-category-link" href="/categories/%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E5%BA%93/MySQL/">MySQL</a>
</div>
<ul class="article-tag-list" itemprop="keywords"><li class="article-tag-list-item"><a class="article-tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E7%B4%A2%E5%BC%95/" rel="tag">索引</a></li></ul>
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<h3 id="一、什么是索引"><a href="#一、什么是索引" class="headerlink" title="一、什么是索引"></a>一、什么是索引</h3><p>我们都知道，数据库查询是数据库的最主要功能之一。我们都希望查询数据的速度能尽可能的快，在数据库中的默认查找算法是最简单，最直接的顺序查找算法。而顺序查找算法在大数据量的情况下，需要查找的内容越靠后所花费的时间就越久。</p>
<p>为了解决这个问题，数据库设计引入了索引这一概念，索引就是为了提高大数据量下数据的查找效率而生的。</p>
<p class="article-more-link">
<a href="/2021/11/15/045.%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E5%BA%93%E7%B4%A2%E5%BC%95%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86%E6%A2%B3%E7%90%86/#more">阅读全文</a>
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<article id="post-044.数据库多表查询方式" class="article global-container article-type-post" itemscope itemprop="blogPost">
<header class="article-header">
<h1 itemprop="name">
<a class="article-title" href="/2021/11/12/044.%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E5%BA%93%E5%A4%9A%E8%A1%A8%E6%9F%A5%E8%AF%A2%E6%96%B9%E5%BC%8F/">044.数据库多表查询方式</a>
</h1>
</header>
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<a href="/2021/11/12/044.%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E5%BA%93%E5%A4%9A%E8%A1%A8%E6%9F%A5%E8%AF%A2%E6%96%B9%E5%BC%8F/" class="article-date">
<time datetime="2021-11-12T15:05:21.000Z" itemprop="datePublished">2021-11-12</time>
</a>
<div class="article-category">
<a class="article-category-link" href="/categories/%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E5%BA%93/">数据库</a>►<a class="article-category-link" href="/categories/%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E5%BA%93/MySQL/">MySQL</a>
</div>
<ul class="article-tag-list" itemprop="keywords"><li class="article-tag-list-item"><a class="article-tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E5%A4%9A%E8%A1%A8%E6%9F%A5%E8%AF%A2/" rel="tag">多表查询</a></li></ul>
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<h3 id="一、子查询"><a href="#一、子查询" class="headerlink" title="一、子查询"></a>一、子查询</h3><p>子查询，又称之为内查询，是一种嵌套在其他 Sql 查询的 Where 子句中的查询。</p>
<ul>
<li>子查询必须包含在圆括号内，并且不能使用 ORDER BY 进行排序。</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>实例 1</strong> ：</p>
<figure class="highlight sql"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">SELECT</span> * <span class="keyword">FROM</span> a <span class="keyword">WHERE</span> <span class="keyword">id</span> <span class="keyword">IN</span> (<span class="keyword">SELECT</span> a_id <span class="keyword">FROM</span> b);</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>只能查询到 a 表内容，以子查询结果作为查询条件。</p>
<p class="article-more-link">
<a href="/2021/11/12/044.%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E5%BA%93%E5%A4%9A%E8%A1%A8%E6%9F%A5%E8%AF%A2%E6%96%B9%E5%BC%8F/#more">阅读全文</a>
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<article id="post-043.Java 多线程概要" class="article global-container article-type-post" itemscope itemprop="blogPost">
<header class="article-header">
<h1 itemprop="name">
<a class="article-title" href="/2021/11/03/043.Java%20%E5%A4%9A%E7%BA%BF%E7%A8%8B%E6%A6%82%E8%A6%81/">043.Java 多线程概要</a>
</h1>
</header>
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<a href="/2021/11/03/043.Java%20%E5%A4%9A%E7%BA%BF%E7%A8%8B%E6%A6%82%E8%A6%81/" class="article-date">
<time datetime="2021-11-03T09:26:31.000Z" itemprop="datePublished">2021-11-03</time>
</a>
<div class="article-category">
<a class="article-category-link" href="/categories/Web%E5%85%A8%E6%A0%88%E6%9E%B6%E6%9E%84/">Web全栈架构</a>►<a class="article-category-link" href="/categories/Web%E5%85%A8%E6%A0%88%E6%9E%B6%E6%9E%84/Java/">Java</a>
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<ul class="article-tag-list" itemprop="keywords"><li class="article-tag-list-item"><a class="article-tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E5%A4%9A%E7%BA%BF%E7%A8%8B/" rel="tag">多线程</a></li></ul>
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<h3 id="一、进程（Process）与线程（Thread）"><a href="#一、进程（Process）与线程（Thread）" class="headerlink" title="一、进程（Process）与线程（Thread）"></a>一、进程（Process）与线程（Thread）</h3><p> 说起进程，就不得不说下<strong>程序</strong>，程序是指令和数据的有序集合，其本身没有任何运行的含义，是一个静态的概念。而将程序跑起来，系统就开辟了一个<strong>进程</strong>，进程是执行程序的一次执行过程，是一个动态的概念，是系统资源分配的单位。</p>
<p> 一个进程可以包含若干个线程，其至少应该有一个线程。线程是 CPU 调度和执行的单位。</p>
<p class="article-more-link">
<a href="/2021/11/03/043.Java%20%E5%A4%9A%E7%BA%BF%E7%A8%8B%E6%A6%82%E8%A6%81/#more">阅读全文</a>
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<article id="post-042.SpringCloud微服务实现" class="article global-container article-type-post" itemscope itemprop="blogPost">
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<a class="article-title" href="/2021/07/31/042.SpringCloud%E5%BE%AE%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E5%AE%9E%E7%8E%B0/">042.SpringCloud 微服务实现</a>
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<a href="/2021/07/31/042.SpringCloud%E5%BE%AE%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E5%AE%9E%E7%8E%B0/" class="article-date">
<time datetime="2021-07-31T02:26:31.000Z" itemprop="datePublished">2021-07-31</time>
</a>
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<a class="article-category-link" href="/categories/Web%E5%85%A8%E6%A0%88%E6%9E%B6%E6%9E%84/">Web全栈架构</a>►<a class="article-category-link" href="/categories/Web%E5%85%A8%E6%A0%88%E6%9E%B6%E6%9E%84/Java/">Java</a>
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<h3 id="创建Maven工程，配置Pom-xml文件"><a href="#创建Maven工程，配置Pom-xml文件" class="headerlink" title="创建Maven工程，配置Pom.xml文件"></a>创建Maven工程，配置Pom.xml文件</h3>
<p class="article-more-link">
<a href="/2021/07/31/042.SpringCloud%E5%BE%AE%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E5%AE%9E%E7%8E%B0/#more">阅读全文</a>
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<article id="post-041.SpringBoot+Mybaits整合开发实例" class="article global-container article-type-post" itemscope itemprop="blogPost">
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<h1 itemprop="name">
<a class="article-title" href="/2020/12/08/041.SpringBoot+Mybaits%E6%95%B4%E5%90%88%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91%E5%AE%9E%E4%BE%8B/">041.SpringBoot+Mybaits 整合开发实例</a>
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<a href="/2020/12/08/041.SpringBoot+Mybaits%E6%95%B4%E5%90%88%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91%E5%AE%9E%E4%BE%8B/" class="article-date">
<time datetime="2020-12-07T17:26:30.000Z" itemprop="datePublished">2020-12-08</time>
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<a class="article-category-link" href="/categories/Web%E5%85%A8%E6%A0%88%E6%9E%B6%E6%9E%84/">Web全栈架构</a>►<a class="article-category-link" href="/categories/Web%E5%85%A8%E6%A0%88%E6%9E%B6%E6%9E%84/Java/">Java</a>
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<h3 id="SpringBoot-Mybatis整合开发简单实例"><a href="#SpringBoot-Mybatis整合开发简单实例" class="headerlink" title="SpringBoot+Mybatis整合开发简单实例"></a>SpringBoot+Mybatis整合开发简单实例</h3><h5 id="1、Maven引用依赖：pom-xml"><a href="#1、Maven引用依赖：pom-xml" class="headerlink" title="1、Maven引用依赖：pom.xml"></a>1、Maven引用依赖：pom.xml</h5>
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<a href="/2020/12/08/041.SpringBoot+Mybaits%E6%95%B4%E5%90%88%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91%E5%AE%9E%E4%BE%8B/#more">阅读全文</a>
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<article id="post-040.Docker使用指南" class="article global-container article-type-post" itemscope itemprop="blogPost">
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<a class="article-title" href="/2020/11/29/040.Docker%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8%E6%8C%87%E5%8D%97/">040.Docker 使用指南</a>
</h1>
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<a href="/2020/11/29/040.Docker%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8%E6%8C%87%E5%8D%97/" class="article-date">
<time datetime="2020-11-29T11:27:30.000Z" itemprop="datePublished">2020-11-29</time>
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<a class="article-category-link" href="/categories/%E8%BF%90%E7%BB%B4%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF/">运维技术</a>►<a class="article-category-link" href="/categories/%E8%BF%90%E7%BB%B4%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF/%E8%99%9A%E6%8B%9F%E5%8C%96/">虚拟化</a>
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<ul class="article-tag-list" itemprop="keywords"><li class="article-tag-list-item"><a class="article-tag-list-link" href="/tags/Docker/" rel="tag">Docker</a></li></ul>
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<h3 id="前言"><a href="#前言" class="headerlink" title="前言"></a>前言</h3><p> Docker 是一个开源的应用容器引擎，基于 <a href="https://www.runoob.com/go/go-tutorial.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Go 语言</a> 并遵从 Apache2.0 协议开源。</p>
<p> Docker 可以让开发者打包他们的应用以及依赖包到一个轻量级、可移植的容器中，然后发布到任何流行的 Linux 机器上，也可以实现虚拟化。</p>
<p> 容器是完全使用沙箱机制，相互之间不会有任何接口（类似 iPhone 的 app）,更重要的是容器性能开销极低。</p>
<p> Docker 从 17.03 版本之后分为 CE（Community Edition: 社区版） 和 EE（Enterprise Edition: 企业版）。</p>
<ul>
<li><p>以下命令以linux环境为准。</p>
</li>
<li><p>默认用户已经安装好docker</p>
</li>
</ul>
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<a href="/2020/11/29/040.Docker%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8%E6%8C%87%E5%8D%97/#more">阅读全文</a>
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<time datetime="2020-10-27T10:24:30.000Z" itemprop="datePublished">2020-10-27</time>
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<a class="article-category-link" href="/categories/Web%E5%85%A8%E6%A0%88%E6%9E%B6%E6%9E%84/">Web全栈架构</a>►<a class="article-category-link" href="/categories/Web%E5%85%A8%E6%A0%88%E6%9E%B6%E6%9E%84/Java/">Java</a>
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<h4 id="JAVA中的网络支持"><a href="#JAVA中的网络支持" class="headerlink" title="JAVA中的网络支持"></a>JAVA中的网络支持</h4><p>针对网络通信的不同层次，JAVA提供的网络功能有四大类：</p>
<ul>
<li>InetAddress：用于标识网络上的硬件资源。</li>
<li>URL：统一资源定位符，通过URL可以直接读取或写入网络上的数据。</li>
<li>Sockets：使用TCP协议实现网络通信的Socket相关的类。</li>
<li>Datagram：使用UDP协议，将数据保存在数据报中，通过网络进行通信。</li>
</ul>
<p class="article-more-link">
<a href="/2020/10/27/039.JAVA%20Socket%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E7%BC%96%E7%A8%8B%E6%A6%82%E8%A6%81/#more">阅读全文</a>
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<article id="post-038.MySQL运维知识梳理" class="article global-container article-type-post" itemscope itemprop="blogPost">
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<a class="article-title" href="/2020/08/19/038.MySQL%E8%BF%90%E7%BB%B4%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86%E6%A2%B3%E7%90%86/">038.MySQL运维知识梳理</a>
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<a href="/2020/08/19/038.MySQL%E8%BF%90%E7%BB%B4%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86%E6%A2%B3%E7%90%86/" class="article-date">
<time datetime="2020-08-19T14:15:21.000Z" itemprop="datePublished">2020-08-19</time>
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<a class="article-category-link" href="/categories/%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E5%BA%93/">数据库</a>►<a class="article-category-link" href="/categories/%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E5%BA%93/MySQL/">MySQL</a>
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<h4 id="概述"><a href="#概述" class="headerlink" title="概述"></a>概述</h4><p>MySQL运维知识可划分为六个模块：</p>
<ol>
<li>体系结构</li>
<li>备份恢复</li>
<li>数据复制</li>
<li>集群架构</li>
<li>性能优化</li>
<li>状态监控</li>
</ol>
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<a href="/2020/08/19/038.MySQL%E8%BF%90%E7%BB%B4%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86%E6%A2%B3%E7%90%86/#more">阅读全文</a>
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<a class="article-title" href="/2020/06/12/037.RIP%E4%B8%8EOSPF%E5%8A%A8%E6%80%81%E8%B7%AF%E7%94%B1%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AE/">037.RIP与OSPF动态路由协议配置</a>
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<time datetime="2020-06-12T11:15:21.000Z" itemprop="datePublished">2020-06-12</time>
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<a class="article-category-link" href="/categories/%E8%BF%90%E7%BB%B4%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF/">运维技术</a>►<a class="article-category-link" href="/categories/%E8%BF%90%E7%BB%B4%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF/%E6%95%B0%E9%80%9A/">数通</a>
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<ul class="article-tag-list" itemprop="keywords"><li class="article-tag-list-item"><a class="article-tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E8%B7%AF%E7%94%B1%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AE/" rel="tag">路由配置</a></li></ul>
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<h4 id="IP-转发原理"><a href="#IP-转发原理" class="headerlink" title="IP 转发原理"></a>IP 转发原理</h4><p> 路由器工作在 OSI 模型中的第三层，也就是网络层。路由器通过逻辑的地址（IP 地址）来划分区别不同的网络，实现网络之间的互联和隔离，并且路由器不转发广播消息，把广播消息限制在各自区域的网络中，发送到其他网络的数据先被发送到路由器，再由路由器转发出去。</p>
<p> 路由器的核心是全局路由表，通过路由器的所有数据转发都要经过全局路由表来实现。路由是指导 IP 报文发送的路径信息，是报文从源端到目的端的整条传输路径。</p>
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