diff --git a/src/main/java/in/koreatech/koin/domain/user/dto/UserTokenRefreshRequest.java b/src/main/java/in/koreatech/koin/domain/user/dto/UserTokenRefreshRequest.java
index cbe02da56..c2955a01d 100644
--- a/src/main/java/in/koreatech/koin/domain/user/dto/UserTokenRefreshRequest.java
+++ b/src/main/java/in/koreatech/koin/domain/user/dto/UserTokenRefreshRequest.java
@@ -1,12 +1,13 @@
 package in.koreatech.koin.domain.user.dto;
 
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonProperty;
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.PropertyNamingStrategies.SnakeCaseStrategy;
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.annotation.JsonNaming;
 import jakarta.validation.constraints.NotNull;
 
 @JsonNaming(value = SnakeCaseStrategy.class)
 public record UserTokenRefreshRequest(
-    @NotNull(message = "refresh_token을 입력해주세요.") String refreshToken
+    @JsonProperty("refresh_token") @NotNull(message = "refresh_token을 입력해주세요.") String refreshToken
 ) {
 
 }
diff --git a/src/main/java/in/koreatech/koin/domain/user/service/UserService.java b/src/main/java/in/koreatech/koin/domain/user/service/UserService.java
index 22a5ed296..f86a148a7 100644
--- a/src/main/java/in/koreatech/koin/domain/user/service/UserService.java
+++ b/src/main/java/in/koreatech/koin/domain/user/service/UserService.java
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ public void logout(User user) {
     public UserTokenRefreshResponse refresh(User user, UserTokenRefreshRequest request) {
         UserToken userToken = userTokenRepository.findById(user.getId())
             .orElseThrow(() -> new IllegalArgumentException("refresh token이 존재하지 않습니다. request: " + request));
-        if (Objects.equals(userToken.getRefreshToken(), request.refreshToken())) {
+        if (!Objects.equals(userToken.getRefreshToken(), request.refreshToken())) {
             throw new IllegalArgumentException("refresh token이 일치하지 않습니다. request: " + request);
         }
         String accessToken = jwtProvider.createToken(user);
diff --git a/src/test/java/in/koreatech/koin/acceptance/AuthApiTest.java b/src/test/java/in/koreatech/koin/acceptance/AuthApiTest.java
index 4e46b3bca..652e35773 100644
--- a/src/test/java/in/koreatech/koin/acceptance/AuthApiTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/in/koreatech/koin/acceptance/AuthApiTest.java
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
 import io.restassured.http.ContentType;
 import io.restassured.response.ExtractableResponse;
 import io.restassured.response.Response;
+import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.Optional;
 import org.assertj.core.api.Assertions;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.DisplayName;
@@ -165,16 +166,27 @@ void userRefreshToken() {
             .given()
             .log().all()
             .header("Authorization", "BEARER " + response.jsonPath().getString("token"))
+            .body(
+                Map.of("refresh_token", response.jsonPath().getString("refresh_token"))
+            )
+            .contentType(ContentType.JSON)
             .when()
             .log().all()
-            .post("/user/logout")
+            .post("/user/refresh")
             .then()
             .log().all()
             .statusCode(HttpStatus.OK.value())
             .extract();
 
-        Optional<UserToken> token = tokenRepository.findById(user.getId());
+        UserToken token = tokenRepository.findById(user.getId()).get();
 
-        Assertions.assertThat(token).isEmpty();
+        assertSoftly(
+            softly -> {
+                softly.assertThat(response.jsonPath().getString("token")).isNotNull();
+                softly.assertThat(response.jsonPath().getString("refresh_token")).isNotNull();
+                softly.assertThat(response.jsonPath().getString("refresh_token"))
+                    .isEqualTo(token.getRefreshToken());
+            }
+        );
     }
 }