3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) has recently created impressive assets for various applications. However, the copyright of these assets is not well protected as existing watermarking methods are not suited for 3DGS considering security, capacity, and invisibility. Besides, these methods often require hours or even days for optimization, limiting the application scenarios. In this paper, we propose GuardSplat, an innovative and efficient framework that effectively protects the copyright of 3DGS assets. Specifically, 1) We first propose a CLIP-guided Message Decoupling Optimization module for training the message decoder, leveraging CLIP's aligning capability and rich representations to achieve a high extraction accuracy with minimal optimization costs, presenting exceptional capability and efficiency. 2) Then, we propose a Spherical-harmonic-aware (SH-aware) Message Embedding module tailored for 3DGS, which employs a set of SH offsets to seamlessly embed the message into the SH features of each 3D Gaussian while maintaining the original 3D structure. It enables the 3DGS assets to be watermarked with minimal fidelity trade-offs and prevents malicious users from removing the messages from the model files, meeting the demands for invisibility and security. 3) We further propose an Anti-distortion Message Extraction module to improve robustness against various visual distortions. Extensive experiments demonstrate that GuardSplat outperforms the state-of-the-art methods and achieves fast optimization speed.
3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) 最近在多种应用中展现了强大的能力。然而，这些资产的版权保护尚未得到充分解决，因为现有的水印方法在安全性、容量和隐蔽性方面不适合 3DGS。此外，这些方法通常需要数小时甚至数天进行优化，限制了实际应用场景。 为此，我们提出了 GuardSplat，一个创新且高效的框架，用于有效保护 3DGS 资产的版权。具体而言： 1. CLIP 引导的消息解耦优化模块 我们提出了一个 CLIP 引导的消息解耦优化模块，用于训练消息解码器。利用 CLIP 的对齐能力和丰富表示，该模块能够以最小的优化成本实现高精度的消息提取，展现了出色的效率和性能。 2. 球谐感知（SH-aware）的消息嵌入模块 我们设计了一种专为 3DGS 定制的 球谐感知消息嵌入模块，通过一组球谐偏移量（SH offsets）将消息无缝嵌入每个 3D 高斯的球谐特征中，同时保持原始 3D 结构。这种方法使 3DGS 资产能够在几乎不牺牲保真度的情况下嵌入水印，同时防止恶意用户从模型文件中移除消息，满足隐蔽性和安全性要求。 3. 抗失真消息提取模块 我们进一步提出了一个 抗失真消息提取模块，增强了水印在面对各种视觉失真的鲁棒性。 大量实验表明，GuardSplat 优于现有最先进的方法，在快速优化速度的同时，实现了卓越的水印嵌入和提取性能，为 3DGS 资产的版权保护提供了强有力的支持。