diff --git a/meson.build b/meson.build
index 4b5c19c0cf..7449fc63b1 100644
--- a/meson.build
+++ b/meson.build
@@ -576,19 +576,23 @@ if get_option('build_backends')
   ## ONNX
   ## ~~~~~~~~~~
   if get_option('onnx_libdir') != '' and get_option('onnx_include') != ''
-    onnx_lib = cc.find_library('onnxruntime',
-                               dirs: get_option('onnx_libdir'),
-                               required: true)
+    deps += cc.find_library('onnxruntime', dirs: get_option('onnx_libdir'),
+                            required: true)
     includes += include_directories(get_option('onnx_include'), is_system: true)
-    cc.has_header('onnxruntime_cxx_api.h',
-                  required: true,
+    cc.has_header('onnxruntime_cxx_api.h', required: true,
                   args: '-I' + get_option('onnx_include'))
-    deps += [onnx_lib]
-
-    files += [
-      'src/neural/onnx/network_onnx.cc',
-    ]
-
+    if not cc.has_header('cpu_provider_factory.h',
+                         args: '-I' + get_option('onnx_include'))
+      cc.has_header('../providers/cpu/cpu_provider_factory.h', required: true,
+                    args: '-I' + get_option('onnx_include'))
+      includes += include_directories(get_option('onnx_include') + '/../providers/cpu',
+                                      is_system: true)
+    endif
+    files += 'src/neural/onnx/network_onnx.cc'
+    if cc.find_library('onnxruntime_providers_rocm',
+                       dirs: get_option('onnx_libdir'), required: false).found()
+      add_project_arguments('-DUSE_ROCM', language : 'cpp')
+    endif
     has_backends = true
   endif
 
diff --git a/src/neural/onnx/network_onnx.cc b/src/neural/onnx/network_onnx.cc
index c458b3a585..d222f745b5 100644
--- a/src/neural/onnx/network_onnx.cc
+++ b/src/neural/onnx/network_onnx.cc
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@
 namespace lczero {
 namespace {
 
-enum class OnnxProvider { CPU, CUDA, DML };
+enum class OnnxProvider { CPU, CUDA, DML, ROCM };
 
 class OnnxNetwork;
 
@@ -240,12 +240,22 @@ void OnnxComputation<DataType>::ComputeBlocking() {
     int batch = batch_size * step;
 
     auto input_tensor = PrepareInputs(i, batch);
-    if (network_->provider_ == OnnxProvider::DML) network_->lock_.lock();
+    // The DML onnxruntime execution provider is documented as not supporting
+    // multi-threaded calls to Run on the same inference session. We found the
+    // same to be true for the ROCm execution provider (at least for CNNs).
+    // TODO: This may be a onnxruntime/ROCm bug, check onnxruntime 1.16 release.
+    if (network_->provider_ == OnnxProvider::DML ||
+        network_->provider_ == OnnxProvider::ROCM) {
+      network_->lock_.lock();
+    }
     network_->session_[step - 1].Run(
         {}, network_->inputs_cstr_.data(), &input_tensor, 1,
         network_->outputs_cstr_.data(), output_tensors_.data(),
         output_tensors_.size());
-    if (network_->provider_ == OnnxProvider::DML) network_->lock_.unlock();
+    if (network_->provider_ == OnnxProvider::DML ||
+        network_->provider_ == OnnxProvider::ROCM) {
+      network_->lock_.unlock();
+    }
     i += batch;
   }
 }
@@ -253,7 +263,6 @@ void OnnxComputation<DataType>::ComputeBlocking() {
 Ort::SessionOptions GetOptions(OnnxProvider provider, int gpu, int threads,
                                int batch_size) {
   Ort::SessionOptions options;
-  OrtCUDAProviderOptions cuda_options;
   options.SetIntraOpNumThreads(threads);
   options.SetGraphOptimizationLevel(GraphOptimizationLevel::ORT_ENABLE_ALL);
 
@@ -276,10 +285,18 @@ Ort::SessionOptions GetOptions(OnnxProvider provider, int gpu, int threads,
       throw Exception("ONNX backend internal error.");
 #endif
       break;
-    case OnnxProvider::CUDA:
+    case OnnxProvider::ROCM: {
+      OrtROCMProviderOptions rocm_options;
+      rocm_options.device_id = gpu;
+      options.AppendExecutionProvider_ROCM(rocm_options);
+      break;
+    }
+    case OnnxProvider::CUDA: {
+      OrtCUDAProviderOptions cuda_options;
       cuda_options.device_id = gpu;
       options.AppendExecutionProvider_CUDA(cuda_options);
       break;
+    }
     case OnnxProvider::CPU:
       auto status = OrtSessionOptionsAppendExecutionProvider_CPU(options, 0);
       if (status) {
@@ -426,6 +443,9 @@ std::unique_ptr<Network> MakeOnnxNetwork(const std::optional<WeightsFile>& w,
   }
 }
 
+#ifdef USE_ROCM
+REGISTER_NETWORK("onnx-rocm", MakeOnnxNetwork<OnnxProvider::ROCM>, 64)
+#endif
 #ifdef USE_DML
 REGISTER_NETWORK("onnx-dml", MakeOnnxNetwork<OnnxProvider::DML>, 63)
 #endif