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2-changes.md

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Making changes

Step 2.1 Creating a file

Create a file called question.txt in your new repo (inside the folder you downloaded with git clone) and add the question "What makes you excited about programming?".
Feel free to do this however you are most comfortable creating and editing files, but please save it as a .txt file instead of .doc or any other file extension.

Step 2.2 Tracking changes

  • Check the status of your new file with:
    git status

You should see something like:

On branch master
Your branch is up to date with 'origin/main'.

Untracked files:
  (use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed)

    question.txt

nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use "git add" to track)

  • Add the file to git's tracking with:
    git add question.txt

  • Use git status to check the status of your file again. What is different? Now you should see something like:

On branch master
Your branch is up to date with 'origin/main'.

Changes to be committed:
  (use "git reset HEAD <file>..." to unstage)

    new file:   question.txt

Step 2.3 Committing changes

To commit your changes and create a save point, use:

git commit -m "added question.txt file"

Tip: -m allows you to specify a commit message. The commit message should be short and descriptive about the purpose of the commit or what you changed in the repo.

Note: add the -s flag to the git commit command, to add signature to the commit
$ git commit -s -m your commit message

You should see:

[master 41e204c] added question.txt file
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)
 create mode 100644 question.txt

Step 2.4 Storing changes remotely

To see which remote branches your branch is tracking, use:
git remote -v

You should see something like:

origin    [email protected]:<gitusername>/<repo>.git (fetch)
origin    [email protected]:<gitusername>/<repo>.git (push)

Then to push your committed changes from your local machine to the remote GitHub repo, where others can see it or clone it, use:
git push origin main

If you had cloned using HTTPS URL. This should prompt you for your GitHub username and password. You won't see your password on the screen as you type it in.

If you had cloned using SSH URL. It would directly push to the remote url.

Then you should see:

Enumerating objects: 4, done.
Counting objects: 100% (4/4), done.
Delta compression using up to 8 threads
Compressing objects: 100% (2/2), done.
Writing objects: 100% (3/3), 330 bytes | 330.00 KiB/s, done.
Total 3 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0)
To github.com:<gitusername>/<repo>.git
   9e62e6c..41e204c  main -> main