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Operating systems

Considering key questions:

  • Supplier of distribution
  • Criticality of the target application
  • Security
  • Life-cycle support for your product
  • Open Source community upon which it is based on
  • Is this for an IT application?
  • Is this for an OT (Operational Technology) application?
  • How long will this system be in the field?
  • ability to deliver security patches in a timely manner once systems are fielded.
  • What processes and procedures are used by my supplier to cover security vulnerabilities?



A list of web resources

Boot / BIOS

Country Specific

China

India

  • Bosss Linx - "BOSS is an Indian GNU/Linux distribution developed by CDAC and is customized to suit Indian's digital environment. It supports most of the Indian languages."

Indonesia

  • Nusantra

North Koera

Russian Federation

Turkey

Create Your Own Custom Linux OS

Desktop OSes

Privacy and security focused Desktops


"Key disclosure laws, also known as mandatory key disclosure, is legislation that requires individuals to surrender cryptographic keys to law enforcement. The purpose is to allow access to material for confiscation or digital forensics purposes and use it either as evidence in a court of law or to enforce national security interests." Wikipedia.

Key discolsure laws apply Key disclosure may apply Key disclosure laws don't apply
1. Antigua and Barbuda 1. Belgium 1. Czech Republic
2. Australia 2. Finland 2. Poland
3. Canada 3. New Zealand (unclear) 3.Germany
4. France 4. Sweden (proposed)
5. India 5. The Netherlands
6. Norway  6. United States
7. Russia
8. South Africa
9. United Kingom

Educational OS'es

  • DebianEdu
  • Edubuntu - "previously known as Ubuntu Education Edition, was an official derivative of the Ubuntu operating system designed for use in classrooms inside schools, homes and communities." Wikipedia
  • Qimo 4 Kids - "a Linux distribution designed for young users from 3 years old and above. Qimo is built on the top of Xubuntu and uses the Xfce desktop environment as default."
  • Ubermix - "Built by educators with an eye towards student and teacher empowerment."

IoT, embedded devices, tablets

  • Alpine Linux - Alpine Gitlab

  • Bliss OS - Android for your PC - An Open Source OS, based on Android, that incorporates many optimizations, features, and expanded device support. And it is available for just about any Chromebook, Windows/Linux PC or tablet released in the last 4 years.

  • Fedora IoT

  • LineageOS Android Distribution - A free and open-source operating system for various devices, based on the Android mobile platform.

  • Ubunt Server

  • Ubuntu Touch - terminated

    Mobile Operating Systems

    • Lomiri
    • Phosh - A pure Wayland shell for GNOME on mobile devices. Mirror of https://gitlab.gnome.org/World/Phosh/phosh
    • Sailfish OS - Sailfish OS is a secure mobile operating system optimized to run on smartphones and tablets, and also easily adaptable to all kinds of embedded devices and use cases. The fourth generation, Sailfish 4, boasts a multitude of new enablers to support different ecosystem projects, be it private corporate solutions or public sector governmental deployments.
    • Ubports - " We are building a secure & private operating system for your smartphone"

    Android-based Operating Systems

    • CalyxOS - CalyxOS is a custom ROM based on the Android Open Source Project with Pixel phones. It aims to be secure and private by default including a number of good choices for default applications. It also supports verified boot.
    • CopperheadOS - Secure Android built for encrypted and secure phones by a privacy focused company. Available as security-centric and privacy focused Google-free Android for the latest Pixel devices.
    • GrapheneOS - GrapheneOS (formerly known as CopperheadOS) is a free and open-source security- and privacy-focused mobile operating system built on top of the Android Open Source Project. It currently specifically targets devices offering strong hardware security.
    • LineageOS - LineageOS is a custom ROM based on the Android Open Source Project with official support for a wide variety of devices. The project is the successor to the popular CyanogenMod project, focusing on system control and customization, device longevity, and privacy. For security reasons, we do not recommend third-party builds of LineageOS for unsupported devices.

Minimal and Lightweight

  • Also check this [list](Light-weight Linux distribution)
  • antiX Linux - Proudly anti-fascist "antiX Magic" in an environment suitable for old and new computers.
  • ArchBang
  • Bodhi Linux - Lightweight distribution featuring the fast & fully customizable Moksha Desktop.
  • Linux Lite - Linux Lite isn't the smallest Linux distro of all, but it does run well on sufficiently scaled-back hardware. Based upon Ubuntu, the minimum recommended specs are a 1GHz processor with 768MB RAM, along with 8GB storage, which most modern hardware vastly outstrips. So, you can imagine how well Linux Lite will run on an older machine.
  • Porteus - Porteus is a complete linux operating system that is optimized to run from CD, USB flash drive, hard drive, or other bootable storage media. It's small (under 300Mb) and insanely fast which allows you to start up and get online while most other operating systems are left spitting dust. Porteus comes in both 32 & 64 bit and aims to keep on the bleeding edge.
  • Photon OS: Linux Container Host - Photon OS™ is an open source Linux container host optimized for cloud-native applications, cloud platforms, and VMware infrastructure. Photon OS provides a secure run-time environment for efficiently running containers.
  • Proxmox's supported distro list
  • Puppy Linux
  • SliTaz - SliTaz is a secure and high performance operating system using the Linux Kernel and GNU software.
  • Tiny Core Linux - full Linux desktop in 22 MB. Unlike most operating systems, the Tiny Core can run completely from RAM.

Pen-testing and security auditing

Router and Firewall OSes

  • Alpine Linux - Alpine Gitlab
  • BSD Router - Free open source software router distribution based on embedded FreeBSD.
  • DD-WRT - DD-WRT is a Linux based alternative OpenSource firmware suitable for a great variety of WLAN routers and embedded systems.
  • FreshTomato
  • IPFire - IPFire is a hardened, versatile, state-of-the-art Open Source firewall based on Linux.
  • LibreCMC - LibreCMC is a set of fully free embedded Operating Systems for general purpose computers. The Project aims to give its users freedom and control over the software that runs on their hardware. Most of the hardware that libreCMC supports includes a wide range of routers and some small single board computers.
  • m0n0wall - Embedded firewall distribution of FreeBSD.
  • MikroTik
  • OpenWrt - OpenWrt is an open source project for embedded operating systems based on Linux, primarily used on embedded devices to route network traffic.
  • OPNsense - Open source, easy-to-use and easy-to-build HardenedBSD based firewall and routing platform.
    • Plugins - OPNsense plugin collection.
  • PFelk - pfSense/OPNsense + Elastic Stack
  • PFsense - Open source firewall/router computer software distribution based on FreeBSD.
  • Zeroshell Linux Router - Routing and Bridging Firewall Solutions.

Server OSes

Unix OSes

Utilities

Virtualization OSes

Random list of OSes, sort through it later

Debian, Ubuntu, CentOS, RHEL, Deepin, Fedora, SLES, openSUSE, MX Linux, Manjaro, Linux Mint, Endless OS, Elementary OS, Solus, Linx, Zorin, antiX, PClinuxOS, Arch, ArcoLinux, ArchLabs, BackArch, Obarun, Artix Linux, Puppy Linux, Tails, Slax, Kali, Mageia, Slackware, Q4OS, Archman, Gentoo, Pentoo, NixOS, Ubuntu Kylin, Lubuntu, Xubuntu, Kubuntu, Ubuntu MATE, Ubuntu Budgie, Ubuntu Studio, Bluestar, OpenMandriva, ExTiX, Netrunner, ALT Linux, Nitrux, Peppermint, KDE neon, Linux Lite, Parrot OS, Qubes, Pop OS, ROSA, Void Linux, Star Linux, EndeavourOS, MakuluLinux, Voyager, Feren, ArchBang, LXLE, Knoppix, Robolinux, Calculate Linux, Clear Linux, Pure OS, Oracle Linux, Trident, Septor, Porteus, Devuan, GoboLinux, 4MLinux, Simplicity Linux, Zeroshell, Android-x86, netboot.xyz, Slitaz, SuperGrub2Disk, Proxmox VE, Kaspersky Rescue, SystemRescueCD, MemTest86, MiniTool Partition Wizard, Parted Magic, veket, Sabayon, Scientific, alpine, ClearOS, CloneZilla, Berry Linux, Trisquel, Ataraxia Linux, Minimal Linux Live, BackBox Linux, Emmabuntüs, ESET SysRescue Live,Nova Linux, AV Linux, RoboLinux, NuTyX, IPFire, SELKS, ZStack, Enso Linux, Security Onion, Network Security Toolkit, Absolute Linux, TinyCore, Springdale Linux, Frost Linux, Shark Linux, LinuxFX, Snail Linux, Astra Linux, Namib Linux, Resilient Linux, Virage Linux, Blackweb Security OS, R-DriveImage, O-O.DiskImage, Macrium, ToOpPy LINUX, GNU Guix, YunoHost, foxclone, siduction, Adelie Linux, Elive, Pardus, CDlinux, AcademiX, Austrumi, Zenwalk, Anarchy, DuZeru, BigLinux, OpenMediaVault, Ubuntu DP, Exe GNU/Linux, 3CX Phone System, KANOTIX, Grml, Karoshi, PrimTux, ArchStrike, CAELinux, Refracta, Cucumber, Fatdog, ForLEx, Hanthana, Kwort, MiniNo, Redcore, Runtu, Asianux, Clu Linux Live, Uruk, OB2D, BlueOnyx, Finnix, HamoniKR, Parabola, LinHES, LinuxConsole, BEE free, Untangle, Pearl, Thinstation, TurnKey, tuxtrans, Neptune, HefftorLinux, GeckoLinux, Mabox Linux, Zentyal, Maui, Reborn OS, SereneLinux , SkyWave Linux, Kaisen Linux, Regata OS, TROM-Jaro, DRBL Linux, Chalet OS, Chapeau, Desa OS, BlankOn, OpenMamba, Frugalware, Kibojoe Linux, Revenge OS, Tsurugi Linux, Drauger OS, Hash Linux, gNewSense, Ikki Boot, SteamOS, Hyperbola, VyOS, EasyNAS, SuperGamer, Live Raizo, Swift Linux, RebeccaBlackOS, Daphile, CRUX, Univention, Ufficio Zero, Rescuezilla, Phoenix OS, Garuda Linux, Mll, NethServer, OSGeoLive, Easy OS, Volumio, FreedomBox, paldo, UBOS, Recalbox, batocera, Lakka, LibreELEC, Pardus Topluluk, Pinguy, KolibriOS, Elastix, Arya, Omoikane, Omarine, Endian Firewall, Hamara, Rocks Cluster, MorpheusArch, Redo, Slackel, SME Server, APODIO, Smoothwall, Dragora, Linspire, Secure-K OS, Peach OSI, Photon, Plamo, SuperX, Bicom, Ploplinux, HP SPP, LliureX, Freespire, DietPi, BOSS, Webconverger, Lunar, TENS, Source Mage, RancherOS, T2, Vine, Pisi, blackPanther, mAid, Acronis, Active.Boot, AOMEI, Boot.Repair, CAINE, DaRT, EasyUEFI, R-Drive, PrimeOS, Avira Rescue System, bitdefender, Checkra1n Linux, Lenovo Diagnostics, Clover, Bliss-OS, Lenovo BIOS Update, Arcabit Rescue Disk,